Fortuna 0.19.5

Fast & Flexible Random Value Generator

Fortuna Beta: Fast & Flexible Random Value Generator

Adventures in Predictable Non-determinism
More than just a high performance random number generator.
Fortuna can help you build dynamic rarefied random value generators and more.
See the random treasure examples in .../fortuna_extras/fortuna_examples.py

Notes
Public Beta: Fortuna is under active development, and may evolve without notice.
Ranges: All ranges are inclusive unless stated otherwise.
Installation: Open your favorite unix terminal and type pip install Fortuna or build from source.

Fortuna Random Functions

Random Numbers

Fortuna.random_range(lo: int, hi: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [lo..hi] inclusive.
Up to 15x faster than random.randint()
Flat uniform distribution.

Fortuna.random_below(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in the exclusive range [0..num) for positive values of num.
Returns a random integer in the exclusive range (num..0] for negative values of num.
This function never returns the value of num except in the case where num == 0
As a result, it will always return zero if num is in range [-1..1]
Flat uniform distribution.

Fortuna.d(sides: int) -> int
Represents a single die roll of a given size die.
Returns a random integer in the range [1..sides]
Flat uniform distribution.

Fortuna.dice(rolls: int, sides: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [X..Y] where X == rolls and Y == rolls * sides
Represents the sum of multiple rolls of the same size die.
Geometric distribution based on the number and size of the dice rolled.
Complexity scales primarily with the number of rolls, not the size of the dice.

Fortuna.plus_or_minus(num: int) -> int
Negative and positive input values of num will produce equivalent distributions.
Returns random integer in the range [-N..N] where N = abs(num)
Flat uniform distribution.

Fortuna.plus_or_minus_linear(num: int) -> int
Negative and positive input values of num will produce equivalent distributions.
Returns random integer in the range [-N..N] where N = abs(num)
Zero peak geometric distribution, triangle.

Fortuna.plus_or_minus_curve(num: int, bounded: bool=True) -> int
Negative and positive input values of num will produce equivalent distributions.
Returns a random integer in the target range [-num..num]
If bounded is False, less than 0.1% of the results will fall outside the target range by up to +/- num.
This will not change the overall shape of the distribution curve.
Zero centered gaussian distribution, stretched bell curve: mean = 0, variance = num / pi

Fortuna.zero_flat(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Flat uniform distribution.

Fortuna.zero_cool(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Zero peak, geometric distribution, half triangle.

Fortuna.zero_extreme(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Zero peak, gaussian distribution, half bell curve: mean = 0, variance = num / pi

Fortuna.max_cool(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Max peak (num), geometric distribution, half triangle.

Fortuna.max_extreme(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Max peak (num), gaussian distribution, half bell curve: mean = num, variance = num / pi

Fortuna.mostly_middle(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Middle peak (num / 2), geometric distribution, half triangle.

Fortuna.mostly_center(num: int) -> int
Returns a random integer in range [0..num] or [num..0] if num is negative.
Middle peak (num / 2), gaussian distribution, bell curve: mean = num / 2, variance = num / pi

Random Truth

Fortuna.percent_true(num: int) -> bool
Always returns False if num is 0 or less, always returns True if num is 100 or more.
Any value of num in range [1..99] will produce True or False.
Returns a random Bool based on the probability of True as a percentage.

Random Sequence Values

Fortuna.random_value(arr) -> value
Returns a random value from a sequence (list or tuple), uniform distribution, non-destructive.
Up to 10x faster than random.choice()

Fortuna.pop_random_value(arr: list) -> value
Returns and removes a random value from a sequence list, uniform distribution, destructive.
This function is not included in the Fortuna test suite due to it's destructive nature.
This is the only destructive function in the module, use with care. It will raise an error if the list is empty.

Random Table Values

Fortuna.cumulative_weighted_choice(table) -> value
Core function for the WeightedChoice base class.
Produces a custom distribution of values based on cumulative weights.
Requires input format: [(weight, value), ... ] sorted in ascending order by weight.
Weights must be unique positive integers.
See WeightedChoice class for a more comprehensive solution that verifies and optimizes the table.
Up to 15x faster than random.choices()

Utility Functions

Fortuna.min_max(num: int, lo: int, hi: int) -> int
Used to force a number in to the range [lo..hi]
Returns num if it is already in the proper range.
Returns lo if num is less than lo. Returns hi if num is greater than hi.

Fortuna.analytic_continuation(func: staticmethod, num: int) -> int
Used to map a positive only function to the negative number line for complete input domain coverage.
The "C" version of this function is used throughout the Fortuna extension.
The function to be analytically continued must take an integer as input and return an integer.

Fortuna Random Classes

Sequence Wrappers

Random Cycle: The Truffle Shuffle

Returns a random value from the sequence. Produces a uniform distribution with no consecutive duplicates and relatively few nearly-consecutive duplicates. Longer sequences will naturally push duplicates even farther apart. This behavior gives rise to output sequences that seem much less mechanical than other random value sequences.

• Constructor takes a copy of a sequence (list or tuple) of arbitrary values.
• Sequence length must be greater than three, best if ten or more.
• Values can be any Python object that can be passed around... string, int, list, function etc.
• Features continuous smart micro-shuffling: The Truffle Shuffle.
• Performance scales by some small fraction of the length of the sequence.

from Fortuna import RandomCycle

random_cycle = RandomCycle(["Alpha", "Beta", "Delta", "Eta", "Gamma", "Kappa", "Zeta"])
random_cycle()  # returns a random value, cycled uniform distribution.

The Quantum Monty

A set of strategies for producing random values from a sequence where the probability
of each value is based on the monty you choose. For example: the mostly_front monty
produces random values where the beginning of the sequence is geometrically more common than the back.
The Quantum Monty Algorithm results from overlapping the probability waves of six of the other eight methods.
The distribution it produces is a gentle curve with a bump in the middle.

• Constructor takes a copy of a sequence (list or tuple) of arbitrary values.
• Sequence length must be greater than three, best if ten or more.
• Values can be any Python object that can be passed around... string, int, list, function etc.
• Performance scales by some tiny fraction of the length of the sequence. Method scaling may vary slightly.

from Fortuna import QuantumMonty

quantum_monty = QuantumMonty(["Alpha", "Beta", "Delta", "Eta", "Gamma", "Kappa", "Zeta"])
# Each of the following methods will return a random value from the sequence in it's own unique way.
quantum_monty.mostly_front()    # Mostly from the front of the list (geometric descending)
quantum_monty.mostly_middle()   # Mostly from the middle of the list (geometric pyramid)
quantum_monty.mostly_back()     # Mostly from the back of the list (geometric ascending)
quantum_monty.mostly_first()    # Mostly from the very front of the list (stretched gaussian descending)
quantum_monty.mostly_center()   # Mostly from the very center of the list (stretched gaussian bell curve)
quantum_monty.mostly_last()     # Mostly from the very back of the list (stretched gaussian ascending)
quantum_monty.quantum_monty()   # Quantum Monty Algorithm (all of the above)
quantum_monty.mostly_flat()     # Uniform flat distribution (see Fortuna.random_value)
quantum_monty.mostly_cycle()    # Cycled uniform flat distribution (see RandomCycle)

Table & Dictionary Wrappers

Weighted Choice: Custom Rarity

Two strategies for selecting random values from a sequence where rarity counts.
Both produce a custom distribution of values based on the weights of the values.
Up to 10x faster than random.choices()

• Constructor takes a copy of a sequence of weighted value pairs... [(weight, value), ... ]
• Automatically optimizes the sequence for correctness and optimal call performance for large data sets.
• The sequence must not be empty, and each pair must have a weight and a value.
• Weights must be integers. A future release may allow weights to be floats.
• Values can be any Python object that can be passed around... string, int, list, function etc.
• Weighted Values should be unique, pass non_unique=True during instantiation to bypass this check. As a result: non-unique values will have their probabilities logically accumulated. Relative Weights are summed, Cumulative Weights are over-lapped, but the effect is the same.
• Performance scales by some fraction of the length of the sequence.

The following examples produce equivalent distributions with comparable performance. The choice to use one strategy over the other is purely about which one suits you or your data best. Relative weights are easier to understand at a glance. However, RPG Treasure Tables map rather nicely to a cumulative weighted strategy.

Cumulative Weight Strategy

Note: Logic dictates Cumulative Weights must be unique!

from Fortuna import CumulativeWeightedChoice

cumulative_weighted_choice = CumulativeWeightedChoice((
    (7, "Apple"),
    (11, "Banana"),
    (13, "Cherry"),
    (23, "Grape"),
    (26, "Lime"),
    (30, "Orange"),
))
cumulative_weighted_choice()  # returns a weighted random value

Relative Weight Strategy

from Fortuna import RelativeWeightedChoice

relative_weighted_choice = RelativeWeightedChoice((
    (7, "Apple"),
    (4, "Banana"),
    (2, "Cherry"),
    (10, "Grape"),
    (3, "Lime"),
    (4, "Orange"),
))
relative_weighted_choice()  # returns a weighted random value

FlexCat

FlexCat wraps an OrderedDict of keyed sequences, and takes two optional keyword arguments, y_bias and x_bias. FlexCat requires at least three keyed sequences each with at least 3 values. The Y axis keys are accessed directly at call time, or randomized with one of the QuantumMonty methods, specified by y_bias. The X axis sequences are randomized with one of the QuantumMonty methods, specified by x_bias.

By default FlexCat will use y_bias="front" and x_bias="cycle" if not specified at initialization. This will make the top of the data structure geometrically more common than the bottom, and it produces a flat cycled distribution for each category. The name FlexCat is short for flexible category sequence value generator.

Options for x & y bias: See QuantumMonty for details

• front, geometric descending
• middle, geometric pyramid
• back, geometric ascending
• first, stretched gaussian descending
• center, stretched gaussian bell curve
• last, stretched gaussian ascending
• flat, uniform flat
• cycle, cycled uniform flat
• monty, Quantum Monty Algorithm: steady with a bump in the middle.

from Fortuna import FlexCat
from collections import OrderedDict

flex_cat = FlexCat(
    OrderedDict({
        "Cat_A": ("A1", "A2", "A3", "A4", "A5"),
        "Cat_B": ("B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5"),
        "Cat_C": ("C1", "C2", "C3", "C4", "C5"),
    }), y_bias="cycle", x_bias="cycle"
)
flex_cat("Cat_A")  # returns random value from "Cat_A" : cycled uniform distribution
flex_cat("Cat_B")  # returns random value from "Cat_B" : cycled uniform distribution
flex_cat("Cat_C")  # returns random value from "Cat_C" : cycled uniform distribution
flex_cat()         # returns random value from randomly cycled category : cycled uniform distribution

Fortuna Sample Distribution and Performance Test Suite

Testbed: MacOS 10.14.1, Python3.7, Quad 2.7GHz i7 Skylake, 16GB RAM, 1TB SSD

Random Numbers
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Base Case:
random.randint(1, 10) x 10000: Total time: 15.073 ms, Average time: 1507 nano
 1: 9.7%
 2: 9.9%
 3: 9.99%
 4: 9.91%
 5: 10.17%
 6: 9.95%
 7: 10.35%
 8: 10.35%
 9: 9.76%
 10: 9.92%

random_range(1, 10) x 10000: Total time: 1.008 ms, Average time: 101 nano
 1: 9.85%
 2: 9.95%
 3: 9.74%
 4: 9.87%
 5: 10.2%
 6: 9.75%
 7: 10.26%
 8: 9.96%
 9: 10.14%
 10: 10.28%

Base Case:
random.randrange(10) x 10000: Total time: 10.483 ms, Average time: 1048 nano
 0: 10.2%
 1: 9.62%
 2: 9.76%
 3: 9.97%
 4: 10.19%
 5: 10.01%
 6: 10.05%
 7: 9.9%
 8: 10.19%
 9: 10.11%

random_below(10) x 10000: Total time: 0.876 ms, Average time: 88 nano
 0: 9.69%
 1: 10.0%
 2: 10.19%
 3: 9.96%
 4: 10.39%
 5: 10.17%
 6: 9.7%
 7: 10.3%
 8: 9.51%
 9: 10.09%

d(10) x 10000: Total time: 0.781 ms, Average time: 78 nano
 1: 9.77%
 2: 9.85%
 3: 10.3%
 4: 9.74%
 5: 9.62%
 6: 10.12%
 7: 10.06%
 8: 10.06%
 9: 10.17%
 10: 10.31%

dice(2, 6) x 10000: Total time: 1.027 ms, Average time: 103 nano
 2: 2.97%
 3: 5.54%
 4: 8.69%
 5: 11.27%
 6: 13.94%
 7: 16.37%
 8: 14.16%
 9: 10.56%
 10: 8.43%
 11: 5.08%
 12: 2.99%

plus_or_minus(5) x 10000: Total time: 0.713 ms, Average time: 71 nano
 -5: 9.04%
 -4: 8.61%
 -3: 9.2%
 -2: 9.5%
 -1: 9.43%
 0: 9.28%
 1: 8.51%
 2: 8.83%
 3: 9.12%
 4: 9.22%
 5: 9.26%

plus_or_minus_linear(5) x 10000: Total time: 0.987 ms, Average time: 99 nano
 -5: 2.51%
 -4: 5.72%
 -3: 8.2%
 -2: 11.05%
 -1: 13.94%
 0: 16.97%
 1: 14.23%
 2: 11.28%
 3: 8.52%
 4: 5.08%
 5: 2.5%

plus_or_minus_curve(5) x 10000: Total time: 1.207 ms, Average time: 121 nano
 -5: 0.12%
 -4: 0.9%
 -3: 4.18%
 -2: 11.71%
 -1: 20.94%
 0: 24.72%
 1: 20.08%
 2: 11.64%
 3: 4.33%
 4: 1.13%
 5: 0.25%

plus_or_minus_curve(5, False) x 10000: Total time: 1.199 ms, Average time: 120 nano
 -6: 0.02%
 -5: 0.2%
 -4: 1.32%
 -3: 4.63%
 -2: 11.56%
 -1: 20.25%
 0: 24.53%
 1: 20.55%
 2: 11.69%
 3: 3.85%
 4: 1.23%
 5: 0.17%

zero_flat(10) x 10000: Total time: 0.718 ms, Average time: 72 nano
 0: 9.2%
 1: 8.61%
 2: 9.32%
 3: 8.95%
 4: 9.71%
 5: 8.62%
 6: 8.67%
 7: 9.06%
 8: 9.25%
 9: 9.34%
 10: 9.27%

zero_cool(10) x 10000: Total time: 1.717 ms, Average time: 172 nano
 0: 16.68%
 1: 14.64%
 2: 13.19%
 3: 12.62%
 4: 10.67%
 5: 9.28%
 6: 7.84%
 7: 5.91%
 8: 4.63%
 9: 2.9%
 10: 1.64%

zero_extreme(10) x 10000: Total time: 1.832 ms, Average time: 183 nano
 0: 21.77%
 1: 21.58%
 2: 18.5%
 3: 13.85%
 4: 10.32%
 5: 6.64%
 6: 3.63%
 7: 1.99%
 8: 0.96%
 9: 0.56%
 10: 0.2%

max_cool(10) x 10000: Total time: 1.688 ms, Average time: 169 nano
 0: 1.43%
 1: 2.93%
 2: 5.03%
 3: 5.85%
 4: 7.1%
 5: 9.56%
 6: 10.32%
 7: 12.1%
 8: 13.87%
 9: 15.29%
 10: 16.52%

max_extreme(10) x 10000: Total time: 1.864 ms, Average time: 186 nano
 0: 0.13%
 1: 0.42%
 2: 1.05%
 3: 2.23%
 4: 3.75%
 5: 6.07%
 6: 10.69%
 7: 13.9%
 8: 18.75%
 9: 21.53%
 10: 21.48%

mostly_middle(10) x 10000: Total time: 1.013 ms, Average time: 101 nano
 0: 2.47%
 1: 5.66%
 2: 7.82%
 3: 11.29%
 4: 13.7%
 5: 16.87%
 6: 14.35%
 7: 10.92%
 8: 8.51%
 9: 5.6%
 10: 2.81%

mostly_center(10) x 10000: Total time: 1.22 ms, Average time: 122 nano
 0: 0.26%
 1: 1.34%
 2: 4.51%
 3: 11.38%
 4: 20.59%
 5: 24.48%
 6: 20.15%
 7: 11.3%
 8: 4.65%
 9: 1.2%
 10: 0.14%


Random Truth
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

percent_true(25) x 10000: Total time: 0.69 ms, Average time: 69 nano
 False: 75.02%
 True: 24.98%


Random Values from a Sequence
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

some_list = ('Alpha', 'Beta', 'Delta', 'Eta', 'Gamma', 'Kappa', 'Zeta')

Base Case:
random.choice(some_list) x 10000: Total time: 7.556 ms, Average time: 756 nano
 Alpha: 14.32%
 Beta: 13.85%
 Delta: 14.54%
 Eta: 14.01%
 Gamma: 14.69%
 Kappa: 14.68%
 Zeta: 13.91%

random_value(some_list) x 10000: Total time: 0.675 ms, Average time: 68 nano
 Alpha: 14.09%
 Beta: 14.63%
 Delta: 13.96%
 Eta: 14.83%
 Gamma: 14.12%
 Kappa: 13.96%
 Zeta: 14.41%

monty = Fortuna.QuantumMonty(
	('Alpha', 'Beta', 'Delta', 'Eta', 'Gamma', 'Kappa', 'Zeta')
)

monty.mostly_front() x 10000: Total time: 2.107 ms, Average time: 211 nano
 Alpha: 24.94%
 Beta: 21.51%
 Delta: 17.73%
 Eta: 14.08%
 Gamma: 10.73%
 Kappa: 7.56%
 Zeta: 3.45%

monty.mostly_middle() x 10000: Total time: 1.621 ms, Average time: 162 nano
 Alpha: 6.05%
 Beta: 12.67%
 Delta: 18.75%
 Eta: 24.79%
 Gamma: 18.43%
 Kappa: 12.53%
 Zeta: 6.78%

monty.mostly_back() x 10000: Total time: 2.075 ms, Average time: 208 nano
 Alpha: 3.58%
 Beta: 7.59%
 Delta: 11.03%
 Eta: 14.15%
 Gamma: 18.86%
 Kappa: 20.56%
 Zeta: 24.23%

monty.mostly_first() x 10000: Total time: 2.444 ms, Average time: 244 nano
 Alpha: 33.73%
 Beta: 30.2%
 Delta: 20.18%
 Eta: 10.66%
 Gamma: 3.77%
 Kappa: 1.21%
 Zeta: 0.25%

monty.mostly_center() x 10000: Total time: 1.901 ms, Average time: 190 nano
 Alpha: 0.4%
 Beta: 5.75%
 Delta: 23.82%
 Eta: 41.04%
 Gamma: 23.06%
 Kappa: 5.52%
 Zeta: 0.41%

monty.mostly_last() x 10000: Total time: 2.463 ms, Average time: 246 nano
 Alpha: 0.33%
 Beta: 1.19%
 Delta: 4.08%
 Eta: 10.01%
 Gamma: 19.62%
 Kappa: 29.32%
 Zeta: 35.45%

monty.quantum_monty() x 10000: Total time: 3.226 ms, Average time: 323 nano
 Alpha: 11.52%
 Beta: 13.3%
 Delta: 15.23%
 Eta: 19.33%
 Gamma: 16.15%
 Kappa: 12.61%
 Zeta: 11.86%

monty.mostly_flat() x 10000: Total time: 1.352 ms, Average time: 135 nano
 Alpha: 14.21%
 Beta: 14.14%
 Delta: 14.32%
 Eta: 14.07%
 Gamma: 14.95%
 Kappa: 14.12%
 Zeta: 14.19%

monty.mostly_cycle() x 10000: Total time: 7.832 ms, Average time: 783 nano
 Alpha: 14.49%
 Beta: 14.22%
 Delta: 14.32%
 Eta: 14.26%
 Gamma: 14.29%
 Kappa: 14.41%
 Zeta: 14.01%

random_cycle = Fortuna.RandomCycle(
	('Alpha', 'Beta', 'Delta', 'Eta', 'Gamma', 'Kappa', 'Zeta')
)

random_cycle() x 10000: Total time: 6.867 ms, Average time: 687 nano
 Alpha: 14.61%
 Beta: 14.29%
 Delta: 14.25%
 Eta: 14.29%
 Gamma: 14.22%
 Kappa: 14.17%
 Zeta: 14.17%


Random Values by Weighted Table
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

population = ('Apple', 'Banana', 'Cherry', 'Grape', 'Lime', 'Orange')
cum_weights = (7, 11, 13, 23, 26, 30)
rel_weights = (7, 4, 2, 10, 3, 4)

Cumulative Base Case:
random.choices(pop, cum_weights=cum_weights) x 10000: Total time: 16.986 ms, Average time: 1699 nano
 Apple: 23.69%
 Banana: 13.95%
 Cherry: 6.71%
 Grape: 32.76%
 Lime: 9.95%
 Orange: 12.94%

Relative Base Case:
random.choices(pop, rel_weights) x 10000: Total time: 20.154 ms, Average time: 2015 nano
 Apple: 22.48%
 Banana: 13.04%
 Cherry: 6.81%
 Grape: 33.45%
 Lime: 10.08%
 Orange: 14.14%

cumulative_table = ((7, 'Apple'), (11, 'Banana'), (13, 'Cherry'), (23, 'Grape'), (26, 'Lime'), (30, 'Orange'))

Fortuna.cumulative_weighted_choice(cumulative_table) x 10000: Total time: 1.473 ms, Average time: 147 nano
 Apple: 22.77%
 Banana: 13.32%
 Cherry: 6.09%
 Grape: 33.92%
 Lime: 10.55%
 Orange: 13.35%

cumulative_choice = Fortuna.CumulativeWeightedChoice(
	((7, 'Apple'), (11, 'Banana'), (13, 'Cherry'), (23, 'Grape'), (26, 'Lime'), (30, 'Orange'))
)

cumulative_choice() x 10000: Total time: 2.307 ms, Average time: 231 nano
 Apple: 22.72%
 Banana: 13.44%
 Cherry: 6.25%
 Grape: 33.77%
 Lime: 9.98%
 Orange: 13.84%

relative_choice = Fortuna.RelativeWeightedChoice(
	((7, 'Apple'), (4, 'Banana'), (2, 'Cherry'), (10, 'Grape'), (3, 'Lime'), (4, 'Orange'))
)

relative_choice() x 10000: Total time: 2.304 ms, Average time: 230 nano
 Apple: 24.35%
 Banana: 12.96%
 Cherry: 6.49%
 Grape: 32.99%
 Lime: 10.12%
 Orange: 13.09%


Random Values by Category
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

flex_cat = Fortuna.FlexCat(OrderedDict(
	{'Cat_A': ('A1', 'A2', 'A3'), 'Cat_B': ('B1', 'B2', 'B3'), 'Cat_C': ('C1', 'C2', 'C3')}
), y_bias='front', x_bias='flat')

flex_cat('Cat_A') x 10000: Total time: 2.693 ms, Average time: 269 nano
 A1: 32.83%
 A2: 34.09%
 A3: 33.08%

flex_cat('Cat_B') x 10000: Total time: 2.859 ms, Average time: 286 nano
 B1: 33.57%
 B2: 33.3%
 B3: 33.13%

flex_cat('Cat_C') x 10000: Total time: 3.05 ms, Average time: 305 nano
 C1: 32.8%
 C2: 32.96%
 C3: 34.24%

flex_cat() x 10000: Total time: 4.144 ms, Average time: 414 nano
 A1: 16.61%
 A2: 16.15%
 A3: 16.18%
 B1: 11.98%
 B2: 11.56%
 B3: 11.15%
 C1: 5.51%
 C2: 5.37%
 C3: 5.49%


-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Test Time: 0.2 sec

Fortuna Beta Development Log

Fortuna 0.19.5
Minor documentation update.

Fortuna 0.19.4
Minor update to all classes for better debugging.

Fortuna 0.19.3
Updated plus_or_minus_curve to allow unbounded output.

Fortuna 0.19.2
Internal development cycle
Minor update to FlexCat for better debugging.

Fortuna 0.19.1
Internal development cycle

Fortuna 0.19.0
Updated documentation for clarity.
MultiCat has been removed, it is replaced by FlexCat.
Mostly has been removed, it is replaced by QuantumMonty.

Fortuna 0.18.7
Fixed some more README typos.

Fortuna 0.18.6
Fixed some README typos.

Fortuna 0.18.5
Updated documentation.
Fixed another minor test bug. \

Fortuna 0.18.4
Updated documentation to reflect recent changes.
Fixed some small test bugs.
Reduced default number of test cycles to 10,000 - down from 100,000.

Fortuna 0.18.3
Fixed some minor README typos.

Fortuna 0.18.2
Fixed a bug with Fortuna Pure.

Fortuna 0.18.1
Fixed some minor typos.
Added tests to Fortuna Pure.

Fortuna 0.18.0
Introduced new test format, now includes average call time in nanoseconds.
Reduced default number of test cycles to 100,000 - down from 1,000,000.
Added pure Python implementation of Fortuna: .../fortuna_extras/fortuna_pure.py
Promoted several low level functions to top level.

• zero_flat(num: int) -> int
• zero_cool(num: int) -> int
• zero_extreme(num: int) -> int
• max_cool(num: int) -> int
• max_extreme(num: int) -> int
• analytic_continuation(func: staticmethod, num: int) -> int
• min_max(num: int, lo: int, hi: int) -> int

Fortuna 0.17.3
Internal development cycle.

Fortuna 0.17.2
User Requested: dice() and d() functions now support negative numbers as input.

Fortuna 0.17.1
Fixed some minor typos.

Fortuna 0.17.0
Added QuantumMonty to replace Mostly, same default behavior with more options.
Mostly is depreciated and may be removed in a future release.
Added FlexCat to replace MultiCat, same default behavior with more options.
MultiCat is depreciated and may be removed in a future release.
Expanded the Treasure Table example in .../fortuna_extras/fortuna_examples.py

Fortuna 0.16.2
Minor refactoring for WeightedChoice

Fortuna 0.16.1
Redesigned fortuna_examples.py to feature a dynamic random magic item generator.
Raised cumulative_weighted_choice function to top level.
Added test for cumulative_weighted_choice as free function.
Updated MultiCat documentation for clarity.

Fortuna 0.16.0
Pushed distribution_timer to the .pyx layer.
Changed default number of iterations of tests to 1 million, up form 1 hundred thousand.
Reordered tests to better match documentation.
Added Base Case Fortuna.fast_rand_below. Added Base Case Fortuna.fast_d.
Added Base Case Fortuna.fast_dice.

Fortuna 0.15.10
Internal Development Cycle

Fortuna 0.15.9
Added Base Cases for random.choices
Added Base Case for randint_dice

Fortuna 0.15.8
Clarified MultiCat Test

Fortuna 0.15.7
Fixed minor typos.

Fortuna 0.15.6
Fixed minor typos.
Simplified MultiCat example.

Fortuna 0.15.5
Added MultiCat test.
Fixed some minor typos in docs.

Fortuna 0.15.4
Performance optimization for both WeightedChoice() variants.
Cython update provides small performance enhancement across the board.
Compilation now leverages Python3 all the way down.
MultiCat pushed to the .pyx layer for better performance.

Fortuna 0.15.3
Reworked the MultiCat example to include several randomizing strategies working in concert.
Added Multi Dice 10d10 performance tests.
Updated sudo code in documentation to be more pythonic.

Fortuna 0.15.2
Fixed: Linux installation failure.
Added: complete source files to the distribution (.cpp .hpp .pyx).

Fortuna 0.15.1
Updated & simplified distribution_timer in fortuna_tests.py
Readme updated, fixed some typos.
Known issue preventing successful installation on some linux platforms.

Fortuna 0.15.0
Performance tweaks. \ Readme updated, added some details.

Fortuna 0.14.1
Readme updated, fixed some typos.

Fortuna 0.14.0
Fixed a bug where the analytic continuation algorithm caused a rare issue during compilation on some platforms.

Fortuna 0.13.3
Fixed Test Bug: percent sign was missing in output distributions.
Readme updated: added update history, fixed some typos.

Fortuna 0.13.2
Readme updated for even more clarity.

Fortuna 0.13.1
Readme updated for clarity.

Fortuna 0.13.0
Minor Bug Fixes.
Readme updated for aesthetics.
Added Tests: .../fortuna_extras/fortuna_tests.py

Fortuna 0.12.0
Internal test for future update.

Fortuna 0.11.0
Initial Release: Public Beta

Fortuna 0.10.0
Module name changed from Dice to Fortuna

Legal Stuff

Fortuna :: Copyright (c) 2018 Broken aka Robert W. Sharp

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

This README.md file shall be included in all copies or portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.