arrayfunc 5.0.0

Fast array processing functions

Authors:

Michael Griffin

Version:

5.0.0 for 2019-10-29

Copyright:

2014 - 2019

License:

This document may be distributed under the Apache 2.0 License.

Language:

Python 3.5 or later

---

Introduction

The arrayfunc module provides high speed array processing functions for use with the standard Python array module. These functions are patterned after the functions in the standard Python Itertools and math module together with some additional ones from other sources.

The purpose of these functions is to perform mathematical calculations on arrays faster than using native Python.

See full documentation at: http://arrayfunc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

---

Function Summary

The functions fall into several categories.

Filling Arrays

Function	Description
count	Fill an array with evenly spaced values using a start and step values.
cycle	Fill an array with evenly spaced values using a start, stop, and step values, and repeat until the array is filled.
repeat	Fill an array with a specified value.

Filtering Arrays

Function	Description
afilter	Select values from an array based on a boolean criteria.
compress	Select values from an array based on another array of boolean values.
dropwhile	Select values from an array starting from where a selected criteria fails and proceding to the end.
takewhile	Like dropwhile, but starts from the beginning and stops when the criteria fails.

Examining and Searching Arrays

Function	Description
findindex	Returns the index of the first value in an array to meet the specified criteria.
findindices	Searches an array for the array indices which meet the specified criteria and writes the results to a second array. Also returns the number of matches found.

Summarising Arrays

Function	Description
aany	Returns True if any element in an array meets the selected criteria.
aall	Returns True if all element in an array meet the selected criteria.
amax	Returns the maximum value in the array.
amin	Returns the minimum value in the array.
asum	Calculate the arithmetic sum of an array.

Data Conversion

Function	Description
convert	Convert arrays between data types. The data will be converted into the form required by the output array.

Mathematical operator functions

Function	Equivalent to
add	x + y
truediv	x / y
floordiv	x // y
mod	x % y
mul	x * y
neg	-x
pow	x**y or math.pow(x, y)
sub	x - y
abs_	abs(x)

Comparison operator functions

Function	Equivalent to
eq	x == y
gt	x > y
ge	x >= y
lt	x < y
le	x <= y
ne	x != y

Bitwise operator functions

Function	Equivalent to
and_	x & y
or_	x | y
xor	x ^ y
invert	~x
lshift	x << y
rshift	x >> y

Power and logarithmic functions

Function	Equivalent to
exp	math.exp(x)
expm1	math.expm1(x)
log	math.log(x)
log10	math.log10(x)
log1p	math.log1p(x)
log2	math.log2(x)
sqrt	math.sqrt(x)

Hyperbolic functions

Function	Equivalent to
acosh	math.acosh(x)
asinh	math.asinh(x)
atanh	math.atanh(x)
cosh	math.cosh(x)
sinh	math.sinh(x)
tanh	math.tanh(x)

Trigonometric functions

Function	Equivalent to
acos	math.acos(x)
asin	math.asin(x)
atan	math.atan(x)
atan2	math.atan2(x, y)
cos	math.cos(x)
hypot	math.hypot(x, y)
sin	math.sin(x)
tan	math.tan(x)

Angular conversion

Function	Equivalent to
degrees	math.degrees(x)
radians	math.radians(x)

Number-theoretic and representation functions

Function	Equivalent to
ceil	math.ceil(x)
copysign	math.copysign(x, y)
fabs	math.fabs(x)
factorial	math.factorial(x)
floor	math.floor(x)
fmod	math.fmod(x, y)
isfinite	math.isfinite(x)
isinf	math.isinf(x)
isnan	math.isnan(x)
ldexp	math.ldexp(x, y)
trunc	math.trunc(x)

Special functions

Function	Equivalent to
erf	math.erf(x)
erfc	math.erfc(x)
gamma	math.gamma(x)
lgamma	math.lgamma(x)

Additional functions

Function	Equivalent to
fma	fma(x, y, z) or x * y + z

Attributes

In addition to functions, a set of attributes are provided representing the platform specific maximum and minimum numerical values for each array type. These attributes are part of the “arraylimits” module.

---

Supported Array Types

Arrayfunc supports all standard Python 3.x array types.

---

Performance

Average performance increase on x86_64 Ubuntu with GCC is 100 times faster than native Python. Performance will vary depending on the function, operation, array data type used, and whether overflow checking is enabled, with the performance increase ranging from 50% to 3000 times.

Other platforms show similar improvements.

Detailed performance figures are listed in the full documentation.

---

Platform support

Arrayfunc is written in ‘C’ and uses the standard C libraries to implement the underlying math functions. Arrayfunc has been tested on the following platforms.

OS	Bits	Compiler	Python Version Tested
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS	64 bit	GCC	3.6
Ubuntu 19.10	64 bit	GCC	3.7
Debian 10	32 bit	GCC	3.6
Debian 10	64 bit	GCC	3.6
OpenSuse 15	64 bit	GCC	3.6
Centos 8	64 bit	GCC	3.6
FreeBSD 12	64 bit	LLVM	3.6
OpenBSD 6.5	64 bit	LLVM	3.6
MS Windows 10	64 bit	MS Visual Studio C 2015	3.7
Raspbian (RPi 3)	32 bit	GCC	3.5

The Raspbian (RPi 3) tests were conducted on a Raspberry Pi ARM CPU. All others were conducted using VMs running on x86 hardware.

---

Installation

Please note that this is a Python 3 package. To install using Pip, you will need (with Debian package in brackets):

• The appropriate C compiler and header files (gcc and build-essential).

• The Python3 development headers (python3-dev).

• Pip3 together with the corresponding Setuptools (python3-pip).

example:

# Install from PyPI.
pip3 install arrayfunc
# Install from a local copy of the source package (Linux).
pip3 install --no-index --find-links=. arrayfunc
# Windows seems to use "pip" instead of "pip3" for some reason.
pip install arrayfunc

---

Release History

• 5.0.0 - The main focus of this release has been adding SIMD

  acceleration support to the ARMv7 platform (e.g. Raspberry Pi 3). Also added SIMD support to ‘lshift’ and ‘rshift’ on x86-64 and ARM. Changed arrayparamsbase to fix compiler warning on newer versions of GCC, but no change in actual operation. Updated supported OS versions tested, and added OpenBSD to supported platform list.

• 4.3.1 - Numerous performance inprovements through the use of SIMD

  acceleration in many functions. See the documentation to see which functions are affected. Restrictions on the use of non-finite data in parameters has been relaxed where possible. Repeat now allows non-finite data as fill values. For findindices, if no matches are found the result code is now 0 (zero) instead of -1.

• 4.2.0 - Added fma function. This has no equivalent in the Python

  standard library but is equivalent to x * y + z. Also changed list of supported platforms to update FreeBSD to version 12 and added Centos 7.

• 4.1.0 - Added isfinite function.

• 4.0.1 - Repeat upload to synchronise source and Windows binary “wheel”

  version. PyPI was not happy with the previous attempt.

• 4.0.0 - Major revision with many changes. Amap, starmap, and acalc were

  replaced with new individual functions. This change was made to provides a simpler and more consistent interface which is tailored to the individual function rather than attempting to make one parameter format fit all. The “disovfl” parameter has been named to “matherrors” in order to better reflect that it encompasses more than just integer overflow. Support for the “bytes” type has been removed. The Raspberry Pi has been added as a supported platform.

• 3.1.0 - Added log2 to amap, amapi, and acalc.

• 3.0.0 - Changed package format to “Wheel” files. No functional changes.

• 2.1.1 - Fixed missing header files in PyPI package. No functional changes.

• 2.0.0 - Many changes. Updated MS Windows support to 3.6 and latest compiler.

  This in turn brought the Windows version up to feature parity with the other versions. Changed supported MS Windows version from 32 bit to 64 bit. Added SIMD support for some functions which provided a significant performance for those affected. Updated supported versions of Debian and FreeBSD to current releases.

• 1.1.0 - Added support for math constants math.pi and math.e.

• 1.0.0 - First release.