astrapy 1.3.1

AstraPy is a Pythonic SDK for DataStax Astra and its Data API

AstraPy

A pythonic client for DataStax Astra DB.

This README targets AstraPy version 1.0.0+, which introduces a whole new API. Click here for the pre-existing API (fully compatible with newer versions).

Quickstart

Install with pip install astrapy.

Get the API Endpoint and the Token to your Astra DB instance at astra.datastax.com.

Try the following code after replacing the connection parameters:

import astrapy

ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN = "AstraCS:..."
ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT = "https://01234567-....apps.astra.datastax.com"

my_client = astrapy.DataAPIClient()
my_database = my_client.get_database(
    ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT,
    token=ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN,
)

my_collection = my_database.create_collection(
    "dreams",
    dimension=3,
    metric=astrapy.constants.VectorMetric.COSINE,
)

my_collection.insert_one({"summary": "I was flying", "$vector": [-0.4, 0.7, 0]})

my_collection.insert_many(
    [
        {
            "_id": astrapy.ids.UUID("018e65c9-e33d-749b-9386-e848739582f0"),
            "summary": "A dinner on the Moon",
            "$vector": [0.2, -0.3, -0.5],
        },
        {
            "summary": "Riding the waves",
            "tags": ["sport"],
            "$vector": [0, 0.2, 1],
        },
        {
            "summary": "Friendly aliens in town",
            "tags": ["scifi"],
            "$vector": [-0.3, 0, 0.8],
        },
        {
            "summary": "Meeting Beethoven at the dentist",
            "$vector": [0.2, 0.6, 0],
        },
    ],
)

my_collection.update_one(
    {"tags": "sport"},
    {"$set": {"summary": "Surfers' paradise"}},
)

cursor = my_collection.find(
    {},
    sort={"$vector": [0, 0.2, 0.4]},
    limit=2,
    include_similarity=True,
)

for result in cursor:
    print(f"{result['summary']}: {result['$similarity']}")

# This would print:
#   Surfers' paradise: 0.98238194
#   Friendly aliens in town: 0.91873914

Next steps:

• More info and usage patterns are given in the docstrings of classes and methods
• Data API reference
• AstraPy reference
• Package on PyPI

AstraPy's API

Abstraction diagram

AstraPy's abstractions for working at the data and admin layers are structured as depicted by this diagram:

Here's a small admin-oriented example:

import astrapy


# this must have "Database Administrator" permissions:
ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN = "AstraCS:..."

my_client = astrapy.DataAPIClient(ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN)

my_astra_admin = my_client.get_admin()

database_list = list(my_astra_admin.list_databases())

db_info = database_list[0].info
print(db_info.name, db_info.id, db_info.region)

my_database_admin = my_astra_admin.get_database_admin(db_info.id)

my_database_admin.list_namespaces()
my_database_admin.create_namespace("my_dreamspace")

Exceptions

The package comes with its own set of exceptions, arranged in this hierarchy:

For more information, and code examples, check out the docstrings and consult the API reference linked above.

Working with dates

Date and datetime objects, i.e. instances of the standard library datetime.datetime and datetime.date classes, can be used anywhere in documents:

import datetime
import astrapy


ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN = "AstraCS:..."
ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT = "https://01234567-....apps.astra.datastax.com"

my_client = astrapy.DataAPIClient()
my_database = my_client.get_database(
    ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT,
    token=ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN,
)
my_collection = my_database.dreams

my_collection.insert_one({"when": datetime.datetime.now()})
my_collection.insert_one({"date_of_birth": datetime.date(2000, 1, 1)})

my_collection.update_one(
    {"registered_at": datetime.date(1999, 11, 14)},
    {"$set": {"message": "happy Sunday!"}},
)

print(
    my_collection.find_one(
        {"date_of_birth": {"$lt": datetime.date(2001, 1, 1)}},
        projection={"_id": False},
    )
)
# This would print:
#    {'date_of_birth': datetime.datetime(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0)}

Note: reads from a collection will always return the datetime class regardless of wheter a date or a datetime was provided in the insertion.

Working with ObjectIds and UUIDs

Astrapy repackages the ObjectId from bson and the UUID class and utilities from the uuid package and its uuidv6 extension. You can also use them directly.

Even when setting a default ID type for a collection, you still retain the freedom to use any ID type for any document:

import astrapy
import bson

ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN = "AstraCS:..."
ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT = "https://01234567-....apps.astra.datastax.com"

my_client = astrapy.DataAPIClient()
my_database = my_client.get_database(
    ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT,
    token=ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN,
)

my_collection = my_database.create_collection(
    "ecommerce",
    default_id_type=astrapy.constants.DefaultIdType.UUIDV6,
)

my_collection.insert_one({"_id": astrapy.ids.ObjectId("65fd9b52d7fabba03349d013")})
my_collection.find({
    "_id": astrapy.ids.UUID("018e65c9-e33d-749b-9386-e848739582f0"),
})

my_collection.update_one(
    {"tag": "in_stock"},
    {"$set": {"inventory_id": bson.objectid.ObjectId()}},
    upsert=True,
)

my_collection.insert_one({"_id": astrapy.ids.uuid8()})

For contributors

First install poetry with pip install poetry and then the project dependencies with poetry install --with dev.

Linter, style and typecheck should all pass for a PR:

make format

With make format-fix the style and imports are autofixed (by black and isort resp.)

Features must be thoroughly covered in tests (see tests/idiomatic/* for naming convention and module structure).

Running tests

"Full regular" testing requires environment variables:

export ASTRA_DB_APPLICATION_TOKEN="AstraCS:..."
export ASTRA_DB_API_ENDPOINT="https://.......apps.astra.datastax.com"

export ASTRA_DB_KEYSPACE="default_keyspace"
# Optional:
export ASTRA_DB_SECONDARY_KEYSPACE="..."

"Idiomatic" testing

Tests can be started in various ways: mostly make tests-idiomatic, but also:

# test the "idiomatic" layer
poetry run pytest tests/idiomatic
poetry run pytest tests/idiomatic/unit
poetry run pytest tests/idiomatic/integration

# remove logging noise:
poetry run pytest [...] -o log_cli=0

The above runs the regular testing (i.e. non-Admin, non-core). The (idiomatic) Admin part is tested manually by you, on Astra accounts with room for up to 3 new databases, possibly both on prod and dev, and uses specific env vars, as can be seen on tests/idiomatic/integration/test_admin.py.

Other tests

Vectorize tests are confined in tests/vectorize_idiomatic and are run separately. A separate set of credentials is required to do the full testing: refer to tests/.vectorize.env.template for the complete listing, including the secrets that should be added to the database beforehand, through the UI.

Should you be interested in testing the "core" modules, moreover, this is also something for you to run manually (do that if you touch "core"):

# test the core modules
poetry run pytest tests/core

# do not drop collections:
TEST_SKIP_COLLECTION_DELETE=1 poetry run pytest [...]

# include astrapy.core.ops testing (tester must clean up after that):
TEST_ASTRADBOPS=1 poetry run pytest [...]

Appendices

Appendix A: quick reference for imports

Client, data and admin abstractions:

from astrapy import (
    DataAPIClient,
    Database,
    AsyncDatabase,
    Collection,
    AsyncCollection,
    AstraDBAdmin,
    AstraDBDatabaseAdmin,
    DataAPIDatabaseAdmin,
)

Constants for data-related use:

from astrapy.constants import (
    ReturnDocument,
    SortDocuments,
    VectorMetric,
    DefaultIdType,
    Environment,
)

ObjectIds and UUIDs:

from astrapy.ids import (
    ObjectId,
    uuid1,
    uuid3,
    uuid4,
    uuid5,
    uuid6,
    uuid7,
    uuid8,
    UUID,
)

Operations (for bulk_write collection method):

from astrapy.operations import (
    BaseOperation,
    InsertOne,
    InsertMany,
    UpdateOne,
    UpdateMany,
    ReplaceOne,
    DeleteOne,
    DeleteMany,
    AsyncBaseOperation,
    AsyncInsertOne,
    AsyncInsertMany,
    AsyncUpdateOne,
    AsyncUpdateMany,
    AsyncReplaceOne,
    AsyncDeleteOne,
    AsyncDeleteMany,
)

Result classes:

from astrapy.results import (
    OperationResult,
    DeleteResult,
    InsertOneResult,
    InsertManyResult,
    UpdateResult,
    BulkWriteResult,
)

Exceptions:

from astrapy.exceptions import (
    DevOpsAPIException,
    DevOpsAPIResponseException,
    DevOpsAPIErrorDescriptor,
    DataAPIErrorDescriptor,
    DataAPIDetailedErrorDescriptor,
    DataAPIException,
    DataAPITimeoutException,
    CursorIsStartedException,
    CollectionNotFoundException,
    CollectionAlreadyExistsException,
    TooManyDocumentsToCountException,
    DataAPIFaultyResponseException,
    DataAPIResponseException,
    CumulativeOperationException,
    InsertManyException,
    DeleteManyException,
    UpdateManyException,
    BulkWriteException,
)

Info/metadata classes:

from astrapy.info import (
    AdminDatabaseInfo,
    DatabaseInfo,
    CollectionInfo,
    CollectionVectorServiceOptions,
    CollectionDefaultIDOptions,
    CollectionVectorOptions,
    CollectionOptions,
    CollectionDescriptor,
)

Admin-related classes and constants:

from astrapy.admin import (
    ParsedAPIEndpoint,
)

Cursors:

from astrapy.cursors import (
    BaseCursor,
    Cursor,
    AsyncCursor,
    CommandCursor,
    AsyncCommandCursor,
)

Appendix B: compatibility with pre-1.0.0 library

If your code uses the pre-1.0.0 astrapy (i.e. from astrapy.db import Database, Collection and so on) you are strongly advised to migrate to the current API.

That being said, there are no known breakings of backward compatibility: legacy code would run with a newest astrapy version just as well. Here is a recap of the minor changes that came to the old API with 1.0.0:

• Added support for null tokens (with the effect of no authentication/token header in requests)
• Added Content-Type header to all HTTP requests to the API
• Added methods to [Async]AstraDBCollection: delete_one_filter,
• Paginated find methods (sync/async) type change from Iterable to Generator
• Bugfix: handling of the mutable caller identity in copy and convert (sync/async) methods
• Default value of sort is None and not {} for find (sync/async)
• Introduction of [Async]AstraDBCollection.chunked_delete_many method
• Added projection parameter to find_one_and[replace/update] (sync/async)
• Bugfix: projection was silently ignored in vector_find_one_and_[replace/update] (sync/async)
• Added options to update_many (sync/async)
• [Async]AstraDBDatabase.chunked_insert_many does not intercept generic exceptions anymore, only APIRequestError
• Bugfix: AsyncAstraDBCollection.async chunked_insert_many stops at the first error when ordered=True
• Added payload info to DataAPIException
• Added find_one_and_delete method (sync/async)
• Added skip_error_check parameter to delete_many (sync/async)
• Timeout support throughout the library
• Added sort to update_one, delete_one and delete_one_by_predicate methods (sync/async)
• Full support for UUID v1,3,4,5,6,7,8 and ObjectID at the collection data I/O level
• AstraDBOps.create_database raises errors in case of failures
• AstraDBOps.create_database, return type corrected
• Fixed behaviour and return type of AstraDBOps.create_keyspace and AstraDBOps.terminate_db
• Added AstraDBOps.delete_keyspace method
• Method create_collection of AstraDB relaxes checks on passing dimensions for vector collections
• AstraDBOps core class acquired async methods: async_get_databases, async_get_database, async_create_database, async_terminate_database, async_create_keyspace, async_delete_keyspace

Keep in mind that the pre-1.0.0 library, now dubbed "core", is what the current 1.0.0 API ("idiomatic") builds on.