Easily add metrics to your system – and actually understand them using automatically customized Prometheus queries
Project description
A Python port of the Rust autometrics-rs library
Autometrics is a library that exports a decorator that makes it easy to understand the error rate, response time, and production usage of any function in your code. Jump straight from your IDE to live Prometheus charts for each HTTP/RPC handler, database method, or other piece of application logic.
Autometrics for Python provides:
- A decorator that can create Prometheus metrics for your functions and class methods throughout your code base.
- A helper function that will write corresponding Prometheus queries for you in a Markdown file.
See Why Autometrics? for more details on the ideas behind autometrics.
Features
- ✨
autometrics
decorator instruments any function or class method to track the most useful metrics - 💡 Writes Prometheus queries so you can understand the data generated without knowing PromQL
- 🔗 Create links to live Prometheus charts directly into each function's docstring
- 🔍 Identify commits that introduced errors or increased latency
- 🚨 Define alerts using SLO best practices directly in your source code
- 📊 Grafana dashboards work out of the box to visualize the performance of instrumented functions & SLOs
- ⚙️ Configurable metric collection library (
opentelemetry
orprometheus
) - 📍 Attach exemplars to connect metrics with traces
- ⚡ Minimal runtime overhead
Using autometrics-py
- Set up a Prometheus instance
- Configure prometheus to scrape your application (check our instructions if you need help)
- Include a .env file with your prometheus endpoint
PROMETHEUS_URL=your endpoint
. If this is not defined, the default endpoint will behttp://localhost:9090/
pip install autometrics
- Import the library in your code and use the decorator for any function:
from autometrics import autometrics
@autometrics
def sayHello:
return "hello"
-
You can also track the number of concurrent calls to a function by using the
track_concurrency
argument:@autometrics(track_concurrency=True)
. Note: currently only supported by theprometheus
tracker. -
To access the PromQL queries for your decorated functions, run
help(yourfunction)
orprint(yourfunction.__doc__)
. -
To show tooltips over decorated functions in VSCode, with links to Prometheus queries, try installing the VSCode extension.
Note that we cannot support tooltips without a VSCode extension due to behavior of the static analyzer used in VSCode.
Dashboards
Autometrics provides Grafana dashboards that will work for any project instrumented with the library.
Alerts / SLOs
Autometrics makes it easy to add Prometheus alerts using Service-Level Objectives (SLOs) to a function or group of functions.
In order to receive alerts you need to add a set of rules to your Prometheus set up. You can find out more about those rules here: Prometheus alerting rules. Once added, most of the recording rules are dormant. They are enabled by specific metric labels that can be automatically attached by autometrics.
To use autometrics SLOs and alerts, create one or multiple Objective
s based on the function(s) success rate and/or latency, as shown below. The Objective
can be passed as an argument to the autometrics
decorator to include the given function in that objective.
from autometrics import autometrics
from autometrics.objectives import Objective, ObjectiveLatency, ObjectivePercentile
# Create an objective for a high success rate
API_SLO_HIGH_SUCCESS = Objective(
"My API SLO for High Success Rate (99.9%)",
success_rate=ObjectivePercentile.P99_9,
)
# Or you can also create an objective for low latency
API_SLO_LOW_LATENCY = Objective(
"My API SLO for Low Latency (99th percentile < 250ms)",
latency=(ObjectiveLatency.Ms250, ObjectivePercentile.P99),
)
@autometrics(objective=API_SLO_HIGH_SUCCESS)
def api_handler():
# ...
Autometrics keeps track of instrumented functions calling each other. If you have a function that calls another function, metrics for later will include caller
label set to the name of the autometricised function that called it.
Metrics Libraries
Configure the package that autometrics will use to produce metrics with the AUTOMETRICS_TRACKER
environment variable.
opentelemetry
- Enabled by default, can also be explicitly set using the env varAUTOMETRICS_TRACKER="OPEN_TELEMETERY"
. Look inpyproject.toml
for the versions of the OpenTelemetry packages that will be used.prometheus
- Can be set using the env varAUTOMETRICS_TRACKER="PROMETHEUS"
. Look inpyproject.toml
for the version of theprometheus-client
package that will be used.
Identifying commits that introduced problems
NOTE - As of writing,
build_info
will not work correctly when using the default tracker (AUTOMETRICS_TRACKER=OPEN_TELEMETRY
). This will be fixed once the following PR is merged on the opentelemetry-python project: https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/3306autometrics-py will track support for build_info using the OpenTelemetry tracker via #38
Autometrics makes it easy to identify if a specific version or commit introduced errors or increased latencies.
It uses a separate metric (build_info
) to track the version and, optionally, git commit of your service. It then writes queries that group metrics by the version
, commit
and branch
labels so you can spot correlations between those and potential issues.
Configure the labels by setting the following environment variables:
Label | Run-Time Environment Variables | Default value |
---|---|---|
version |
AUTOMETRICS_VERSION |
"" |
commit |
AUTOMETRICS_COMMIT or COMMIT_SHA |
"" |
branch |
AUTOMETRICS_BRANCH or BRANCH_NAME |
"" |
This follows the method outlined in Exposing the software version to Prometheus.
Exemplars
NOTE - As of writing, exemplars aren't supported by the default tracker (
AUTOMETRICS_TRACKER=OPEN_TELEMETRY
). You can track the progress of this feature here: https://github.com/autometrics-dev/autometrics-py/issues/41
Exemplars are a way to associate a metric sample to a trace by attaching trace_id
and span_id
to it. You can then use this information to jump from a metric to a trace in your tracing system (for example Jaeger). If you have an OpenTelemetry tracer configured, autometrics will automatically pick up the current span from it.
To use exemplars, you need to first switch to a tracker that supports them by setting AUTOMETRICS_TRACKER=prometheus
and enable
exemplar collection by setting AUTOMETRICS_EXEMPLARS=true
. You also need to enable exemplars in Prometheus by launching Prometheus with the --enable-feature=exemplar-storage
flag.
Development of the package
This package uses poetry as a package manager, with all dependencies separated into three groups:
- root level dependencies, required
dev
, everything that is needed for development or in ciexamples
, dependencies of everything inexamples/
directory
By default, poetry will only install required dependencies, if you want to run examples, install using this command:
poetry install --with examples
Code in this repository is:
In order to run these tools locally you have to install them, you can install them using poetry:
poetry install --with dev
After that you can run the tools individually
# Formatting using black
poetry run black .
# Lint using pyright
poetry run pyright
# Run the tests using pytest
poetry run pytest
# Run a single test, and clear the cache
poetry run pytest --cache-clear -k test_tracker
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