BubbleBarrier

A Python package for barrier calculations in cosmic reionization models, providing essential tools for modeling the physics of ionized bubbles in the early universe.

Overview

The BubbleBarrier package provides a framework for calculating the density barrier (δ_v) required for cosmic structure formation within ionized regions during the Epoch of Reionization. It implements self-consistent models for ionization balance, halo mass functions, and feedback mechanisms.

This tool is designed for researchers and students in cosmology and astrophysics studying the 21cm signal, reionization simulations, and the interplay between galaxies and the intergalactic medium.

Core Features

Barrier Function Calculation: Computes the critical density barrier δ_v for different halo masses.
Ionization Modeling: Self-consistent calculation of ionizing photon production (N_ion).
Minihalo Effects: Includes options to model the impact of X-ray heating from minihalos.
Custom Power Spectrum: Utilizes camb for cosmological calculations and allows for custom power spectrum models.
Efficient & Cached: Caches intermediate results to disk (.npy files) for significantly faster subsequent calculations.

Installation

Install the package directly from PyPI:

pip install bubblebarrier

Quick Start

Here is a simple example of how to calculate the barrier height for a given halo mass.

import numpy as np
from bubblebarrier import Barrier

# 1. Initialize the barrier model for a specific redshift
#    (fesc, qion, etc., have default values but can be specified)
barrier_model = Barrier(z_v=10.0)

# 2. Define a halo mass in solar masses
halo_mass = 1e15  # M_sun

# 3. Calculate the barrier height
delta_v = barrier_model.Calcul_deltaVM(halo_mass)
print(f"For a halo of {halo_mass:.1e} M_sun at z={barrier_model.z:.1f}, the barrier height is δ_v = {delta_v:.3f}")

# 4. Calculate the barrier including effects from minihalo X-ray heating
delta_v_minihalo = barrier_model.Calcul_deltaVM_Minihalo(halo_mass)
print(f"Including minihalo effects, the barrier is δ_v = {delta_v_minihalo:.3f}")

Dependencies

This package relies on a standard scientific Python stack:

numpy
scipy
astropy
matplotlib
pandas
filelock
camb: For cosmological power spectra.
massfunc: For halo mass function calculations.

Citation

If you use BubbleBarrier in your research, please cite the repository.

@misc{bubblebarrier2025,
  author = {Hajime Hinata},
  title = {BubbleBarrier: A Python package for reionization bubble modeling},
  year = {2025},
  publisher = {GitHub},
  journal = {GitHub repository},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier}}
}

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to fork the repository, create a feature branch, and open a Pull Request.

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License. See the LICENSE file for details.

Metadata

Release files for bubblebarrier 1.2.7

For a detailed explanation of source distributions (sdists) and built distributions (wheels), please see the package formats documentation.

Source distribution (sdist)

Source distribution for bubblebarrier 1.2.7
File	Size	Uploaded
bubblebarrier-1.2.7.tar.gz	15.1 kB	Sep 1, 2025	Details

Built distribution (wheel)

Table of built distributions (wheels) for bubblebarrier 1.2.7
File	Interpreter	ABI	Platform	Reset
bubblebarrier-1.2.7-py3-none-any.whl 13.0 kB Sep 1, 2025	Python 3	none	any	Details

Total release size: 28.2 kB

Release files / bubblebarrier-1.2.7.tar.gz

Download URL	bubblebarrier-1.2.7.tar.gz
Size	15.1 kB
Tags	Source
SHA-256 checksum How to use checksums	`8f372cc9b0e1eb2ff8280be6ad10f3bb03927943afe8634e1c75e71ebf462236`
BLAKE2b-256 checksum How to use checksums	`c5c7b5a69f7a2a27295b2ade47a73bd60853f353f142abd177aed8ab68a3613b`
Upload date	Sep 1, 2025
Uploaded using Trusted Publishing? What is trusted publishing?	Yes
Uploaded via	`twine/6.1.0 CPython/3.12.9`

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Identity

Publishing platform: GitHub Actions
Publishing repository: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier
Publishing commit: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier/tree/28d6a0eaad6fd762671381d03f2c4e5bd626f715

Workflow

Publishing configuration: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier/blob/28d6a0eaad6fd762671381d03f2c4e5bd626f715/.github/workflows/python-publish.yml
Publishing logs: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier/actions/runs/17366539300/attempts/1

Artifact

Subject: bubblebarrier-1.2.7.tar.gz
SHA-256 checksum: 8f372cc9b0e1eb2ff8280be6ad10f3bb03927943afe8634e1c75e71ebf462236 Verifying attestations

Release files / bubblebarrier-1.2.7-py3-none-any.whl

Download URL	bubblebarrier-1.2.7-py3-none-any.whl
Size	13.0 kB
Tags	Python 3
SHA-256 checksum How to use checksums	`778e6e5db19860131534fc29dc86d2c080fa62d88d4084705079f864120123e1`
BLAKE2b-256 checksum How to use checksums	`8cb723deb0151c2c87db362cc9e2a8b92420de381efce99bc097c87f614f213f`
Upload date	Sep 1, 2025
Uploaded using Trusted Publishing? What is trusted publishing?	Yes
Uploaded via	`twine/6.1.0 CPython/3.12.9`

Provenance

Identity

Publishing platform: GitHub Actions
Publishing repository: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier
Publishing commit: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier/tree/28d6a0eaad6fd762671381d03f2c4e5bd626f715

Workflow

Publishing configuration: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier/blob/28d6a0eaad6fd762671381d03f2c4e5bd626f715/.github/workflows/python-publish.yml
Publishing logs: github.com/SOYONAOC/BubbleBarrier/actions/runs/17366539300/attempts/1

Artifact

Subject: bubblebarrier-1.2.7-py3-none-any.whl
SHA-256 checksum: 778e6e5db19860131534fc29dc86d2c080fa62d88d4084705079f864120123e1 Verifying attestations