cloudreactor-procwrapper 3.0.0

Wraps the execution of processes so that a service API endpoint (CloudReactor) can monitor and manage them. Also implements retries, timeouts, and secret injection from AWS into the environment.

cloudreactor-procwrapper

Wraps the execution of processes so that an API server (CloudReactor) can monitor and manage them. Available as a standalone executable or as a python module.

Features

• Runs either processes started with a command line or a python function you supply
• Implements retries and time limits on wrapped processes
• Injects secrets from AWS Secrets Manager, AWS S3, or local files and extracts them into the process environment (for command-lines) or configuration (for functions)
• When used with the CloudReactor service:
  • Reports when a process/function starts and when it exits, along with the exit code
  • Sends heartbeats, optionally with status information like the number of items processed
  • Prevents too many concurrent executions
  • Stops execution when manually stopped in the CloudReactor dashboard

How it works

First, secrets and other configuration are fetched and resolved from providers like AWS Secrets Manager, AWS S3, or the local filesystem.

Just before your code runs, the module requests the API server to create a Task Execution associated with the Task name or UUID which you pass to the module. The API server may reject the request if too many instances of the Task are currently running, but otherwise records that a Task Execution has started. The module then passes control to your code.

While your code is running, it may report progress to the API server, and the API server may signal that your Task stop execution (due to user manually stopping the Task Execution), in which case the module terminates your code and exits.

After your code finishes, the module informs the API server of the exit code or result. CloudReactor monitors Tasks to ensure they are still responsive, and keeps a history of the Executions of Tasks, allowing you to view failures and run durations in the past.

Auto-created Tasks

Before your Task is run (including this module), the AWS ECS CloudReactor Deployer can be used to set it up in AWS ECS, and inform CloudReactor of details of your Task. That way CloudReactor can start and schedule your Task, and setup your Task as a service. See CloudReactor python ECS QuickStart for an example.

However, it may not be possible or desired to change your deployment process. Instead, you may configure the Task to be auto-created.

Auto-created Tasks are created the first time your Task runs. This means there is no need to inform the API server of the Task details (during deployment) before it runs. Instead, each time the module runs, it informs the API server of the Task details at the same time as it requests the creation of a Task Execution. One disadvantage of auto-created Tasks is that they are not available in the CloudReactor dashboard until the first time they run.

When configuring a Task to be auto-created, you must specify the name or UUID of the Run Environment in CloudReactor that the Task is associated with. The Run Environment must be created ahead of time, either by the Cloudreactor AWS Setup Wizard, or manually in the CloudReactor dashboard.

You can also specify more Task properties, such as Alert Methods and external links in the dashboard, by setting the environment variable PROC_WRAPPER_AUTO_CREATE_TASK_PROPS set to a JSON-encoded object that has the CloudReactor Task schema.

Execution Methods

CloudReactor currently supports two Execution Methods:

1. AWS ECS (in Fargate)
2. Unknown

If a Task is running in AWS ECS, CloudReactor is able to run additional Task Executions, provided the details of running the Task is provided during deployment with the AWS ECS CloudReactor Deployer, or if the Task is configured to be auto-created, and this module is run. In the second case, this module uses the ECS Metadata endpoint to detect the ECS Task settings, and sends them to the API server. CloudReactor can also schedule Tasks or setup long-running services using Tasks, provided they are run in AWS ECS.

However, a Task may use the Unknown execution method if it is not running in AWS ECS. If that is the case, CloudReactor won't be able to start the Task in the dashboard or as part of a Workflow, schedule the Task, or setup a service with the Task. But the advantage is that the Task code can be executed by any method available to you, such as bare metal servers, VM's, Docker, AWS Lambda, or Kubernetes. All Tasks in CloudReactor, regardless of execution method, have their history kept and are monitored.

This module detects which of the two Execution Methods your Task is running with and sends that information to the API server, provided you configure your Task to be auto-created.

Passive Tasks

Passive Tasks are Tasks that CloudReactor does not manage. This means scheduling and service setup must be handled by other means (cron jobs, supervisord, etc). However, Tasks marked as services or that have a schedule will still be monitored by CloudReactor, which will send notifications if a service Task goes down or a Task does not run on schedule.

The module reports to the API server that auto-created Tasks are passive, unless you specify the --force-task-passive commmand-line option or set the environment variable PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_IS_PASSIVE to FALSE. If a Task uses the Unknown Execution Method, it must be marked as passive, because CloudReactor does not know how to manage it.

Pre-requisites

If you just want to use this module to retry processes, limit execution time, or fetch secrets, you can use offline mode, in which case no CloudReactor API key is required. But CloudReactor offers a free tier so we hope you sign up or a free account to enable monitoring and/or management.

If you want CloudReactor to be able to start your Tasks, you should use the Cloudreactor AWS Setup Wizard to configure your AWS environment to run Tasks in ECS Fargate. You can skip this step if running in passive mode is OK for you.

If you want to use CloudReactor to manage or just monitor your Tasks, you need to create a Run Environment and an API key in the CloudReactor dashboard. The API key can be scoped to the Run Environment if you wish. The key must have at least the Task access level, but for an auto-created Task, it must have at least the Developer access level.

Installation

In a Linux/AMD64 or Windows 64 environment

Standalone executables for 64-bit Linux and Windows are available, located in pyinstaller_build/platforms. These executables bundle python so you don't need to have python installed on your machine. They also bundle all optional library dependencies so you can fetch secrets from AWS Secrets Manager and extract them with jsonpath-ng, for example.

On a debian buster machine, the following packages (with known supported versions) must be installed:

  openssl=1.1.1d-0+deb10u5
  libexpat1=2.2.6-2+deb10u1
  ca-certificates=20200601~deb10u2

See the example Dockerfile for a known working environment.

Special thanks to PyInstaller, wine, and PyInstaller Docker Images for making this possible!

When python is available

Install this module via pip (or your favourite package manager):

pip install cloudreactor-procwrapper

Fetching secrets from AWS Secrets Manager requires that boto3 is available to import in your python environment.

JSON Path transformation requires that jsonpath-ng be available to import in your python environment.

You can get the tested versions of both dependencies in proc_wrapper-requirements.in (suitable for use by https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools/) or the resolved requirements in proc_wrapper-requirements.txt.

Usage

There are two ways of using the module: wrapped mode and embedded mode.

Wrapped mode

In wrapped mode, you pass a command line to the module which it executes in a child process. The command can be implemented in whatever programming language the running machine supports.

Instead of running

somecommand --somearg x

you would run

./proc_wrapper somecommand --somearg x

assuming that are using a standalone executable, and that you configure the program using environment variables.

Or, if you have python installed:

python -m proc_wrapper somecommand --somearg x

Here are all the options:

usage: proc_wrapper [-h] [-v] [-n TASK_NAME] [--task-uuid TASK_UUID] [-a]
                    [--auto-create-task-run-environment-name AUTO_CREATE_TASK_RUN_ENVIRONMENT_NAME]
                    [--auto-create-task-run-environment-uuid AUTO_CREATE_TASK_RUN_ENVIRONMENT_UUID]
                    [--auto-create-task-props AUTO_CREATE_TASK_PROPS]
                    [--force-task-active]
                    [--task-execution-uuid TASK_EXECUTION_UUID]
                    [--task-version-number TASK_VERSION_NUMBER]
                    [--task-version-text TASK_VERSION_TEXT]
                    [--task-version-signature TASK_VERSION_SIGNATURE]
                    [--execution-method-props EXECUTION_METHOD_PROPS]
                    [--task-instance-metadata TASK_INSTANCE_METADATA] [-s]
                    [--schedule SCHEDULE] [--max-concurrency MAX_CONCURRENCY]
                    [--max-conflicting-age MAX_CONFLICTING_AGE]
                    [--api-base-url API_BASE_URL] [-k API_KEY]
                    [--api-heartbeat-interval API_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL]
                    [--api-error-timeout API_ERROR_TIMEOUT]
                    [--api-final-update-timeout API_FINAL_UPDATE_TIMEOUT]
                    [--api-retry-delay API_RETRY_DELAY]
                    [--api-resume-delay API_RESUME_DELAY]
                    [--api-task-execution-creation-error-timeout API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_ERROR_TIMEOUT]
                    [--api-task-execution-creation-conflict-timeout API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_CONFLICT_TIMEOUT]
                    [--api-task-execution-creation-conflict-retry-delay API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_CONFLICT_RETRY_DELAY]
                    [--api-request-timeout API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT] [-o] [-p]
                    [-d DEPLOYMENT] [--send-pid] [--send-hostname]
                    [--no-send-runtime-metadata]
                    [-l {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}] [--log-secrets]
                    [-w WORK_DIR] [-t PROCESS_TIMEOUT]
                    [-r PROCESS_MAX_RETRIES]
                    [--process-retry-delay PROCESS_RETRY_DELAY]
                    [--process-check-interval PROCESS_CHECK_INTERVAL]
                    [--process-termination-grace-period PROCESS_TERMINATION_GRACE_PERIOD]
                    [--enable-status-update-listener]
                    [--status-update-socket-port STATUS_UPDATE_SOCKET_PORT]
                    [--status-update-message-max-bytes STATUS_UPDATE_MESSAGE_MAX_BYTES]
                    [--status-update-interval STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL]
                    [-e ENV_LOCATIONS] [-c CONFIG_LOCATIONS]
                    [--config-merge-strategy {SHALLOW,REPLACE,ADDITIVE,TYPESAFE_REPLACE,TYPESAFE_ADDITIVE}]
                    [--overwrite_env_during_resolution]
                    [--config-ttl CONFIG_TTL]
                    [--no-fail-fast-config-resolution]
                    [--resolved-env-var-name-prefix RESOLVED_ENV_VAR_NAME_PREFIX]
                    [--resolved-env-var-name-suffix RESOLVED_ENV_VAR_NAME_SUFFIX]
                    [--resolved-config-property-name-prefix RESOLVED_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_PREFIX]
                    [--resolved-config-property-name-suffix RESOLVED_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_SUFFIX]
                    [--env-var-name-for-config ENV_VAR_NAME_FOR_CONFIG]
                    [--config-property-name-for-env CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_FOR_ENV]
                    [--rollbar-access-token ROLLBAR_ACCESS_TOKEN]
                    [--rollbar-retries ROLLBAR_RETRIES]
                    [--rollbar-retry-delay ROLLBAR_RETRY_DELAY]
                    [--rollbar-timeout ROLLBAR_TIMEOUT]
                    ...

Wraps the execution of processes so that a service API endpoint (CloudReactor)
is optionally informed of the progress. Also implements retries, timeouts, and
secret injection into the environment.

positional arguments:
  command

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v, --version         Print the version and exit

task:
  Task settings

  -n TASK_NAME, --task-name TASK_NAME
                        Name of Task (either the Task Name or the Task UUID
                        must be specified
  --task-uuid TASK_UUID
                        UUID of Task (either the Task Name or the Task UUID
                        must be specified)
  -a, --auto-create-task
                        Create the Task even if not known by the API server
  --auto-create-task-run-environment-name AUTO_CREATE_TASK_RUN_ENVIRONMENT_NAME
                        Name of the Run Environment to use if auto-creating
                        the Task (either the name or UUID of the Run
                        Environment must be specified if auto-creating the
                        Task). Defaults to the deployment name if the Run
                        Environment UUID is not specified.
  --auto-create-task-run-environment-uuid AUTO_CREATE_TASK_RUN_ENVIRONMENT_UUID
                        UUID of the Run Environment to use if auto-creating
                        the Task (either the name or UUID of the Run
                        Environment must be specified if auto-creating the
                        Task)
  --auto-create-task-props AUTO_CREATE_TASK_PROPS
                        Additional properties of the auto-created Task, in
                        JSON format. See https://apidocs.cloudreactor.io/#oper
                        ation/api_v1_tasks_create for the schema.
  --force-task-active   Indicates that the auto-created Task should be
                        scheduled and made a service by the API server, if
                        applicable. Otherwise, auto-created Tasks are marked
                        passive.
  --task-execution-uuid TASK_EXECUTION_UUID
                        UUID of Task Execution to attach to
  --task-version-number TASK_VERSION_NUMBER
                        Numeric version of the Task's source code
  --task-version-text TASK_VERSION_TEXT
                        Human readable version of the Task's source code
  --task-version-signature TASK_VERSION_SIGNATURE
                        Version signature of the Task's source code (such as a
                        git commit hash)
  --execution-method-props EXECUTION_METHOD_PROPS
                        Additional properties of the execution method, in JSON
                        format. See https://apidocs.cloudreactor.io/#operation
                        /api_v1_task_executions_create for the schema.
  --task-instance-metadata TASK_INSTANCE_METADATA
                        Additional metadata about the Task instance, in JSON
                        format
  -s, --service         Indicate that this is a Task that should run
                        indefinitely
  --schedule SCHEDULE   Run schedule reported to the API server
  --max-concurrency MAX_CONCURRENCY
                        Maximum number of concurrent Task Executions allowed
                        with the same Task UUID. Defaults to 1.
  --max-conflicting-age MAX_CONFLICTING_AGE
                        Maximum age of conflicting Tasks to consider, in
                        seconds. -1 means no limit. Defaults to the heartbeat
                        interval, plus 60 seconds for services that send
                        heartbeats. Otherwise, defaults to no limit.

api:
  API client settings

  --api-base-url API_BASE_URL
                        Base URL of API server. Defaults to
                        https://api.cloudreactor.io
  -k API_KEY, --api-key API_KEY
                        API key. Must have at least the Task access level, or
                        Developer access level for auto-created Tasks.
  --api-heartbeat-interval API_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL
                        Number of seconds to wait between sending heartbeats
                        to the API server. -1 means to not send heartbeats.
                        Defaults to 30 for concurrency limited services, 300
                        otherwise.
  --api-error-timeout API_ERROR_TIMEOUT
                        Number of seconds to wait while receiving recoverable
                        errors from the API server. Defaults to 300.
  --api-final-update-timeout API_FINAL_UPDATE_TIMEOUT
                        Number of seconds to wait while receiving recoverable
                        errors from the API server when sending the final
                        update before exiting. Defaults to 1800.
  --api-retry-delay API_RETRY_DELAY
                        Number of seconds to wait before retrying an API
                        request. Defaults to 120.
  --api-resume-delay API_RESUME_DELAY
                        Number of seconds to wait before resuming API
                        requests, after retries are exhausted. Defaults to
                        600. -1 means no resumption.
  --api-task-execution-creation-error-timeout API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_ERROR_TIMEOUT
                        Number of seconds to keep retrying Task Execution
                        creation while receiving error responses from the API
                        server. -1 means to keep trying indefinitely. Defaults
                        to 300.
  --api-task-execution-creation-conflict-timeout API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_CONFLICT_TIMEOUT
                        Number of seconds to keep retrying Task Execution
                        creation while conflict is detected by the API server.
                        -1 means to keep trying indefinitely. Defaults to 1800
                        for concurrency limited services, 0 otherwise.
  --api-task-execution-creation-conflict-retry-delay API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_CONFLICT_RETRY_DELAY
                        Number of seconds between attempts to retry Task
                        Execution creation after conflict is detected.
                        Defaults to 60 for concurrency-limited services, 120
                        otherwise.
  --api-request-timeout API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT
                        Timeout for contacting API server, in seconds.
                        Defaults to 30.
  -o, --offline-mode    Do not communicate with or rely on an API server
  -p, --prevent-offline-execution
                        Do not start processes if the API server is
                        unavailable.
  -d DEPLOYMENT, --deployment DEPLOYMENT
                        Deployment name (production, staging, etc.)
  --send-pid            Send the process ID to the API server
  --send-hostname       Send the hostname to the API server
  --no-send-runtime-metadata
                        Do not send metadata about the runtime environment

log:
  Logging settings

  -l {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}, --log-level {DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL}
                        Log level
  --log-secrets         Log sensitive information

process:
  Process settings

  -w WORK_DIR, --work-dir WORK_DIR
                        Working directory. Defaults to the current directory.
  -t PROCESS_TIMEOUT, --process-timeout PROCESS_TIMEOUT
                        Timeout for process, in seconds. -1 means no timeout,
                        which is the default.
  -r PROCESS_MAX_RETRIES, --process-max-retries PROCESS_MAX_RETRIES
                        Maximum number of times to retry failed processes. -1
                        means to retry forever. Defaults to 0.
  --process-retry-delay PROCESS_RETRY_DELAY
                        Number of seconds to wait before retrying a process.
                        Defaults to 60.
  --process-check-interval PROCESS_CHECK_INTERVAL
                        Number of seconds to wait between checking the status
                        of processes. Defaults to 10.
  --process-termination-grace-period PROCESS_TERMINATION_GRACE_PERIOD
                        Number of seconds to wait after sending SIGTERM to a
                        process, but before killing it with SIGKILL. Defaults
                        to 30.

updates:
  Status update settings

  --enable-status-update-listener
                        Listen for status updates from the process, sent on
                        the status socket port via UDP. If not specified,
                        status update messages will not be read.
  --status-update-socket-port STATUS_UPDATE_SOCKET_PORT
                        The port used to receive status updates from the
                        process. Defaults to 2373.
  --status-update-message-max-bytes STATUS_UPDATE_MESSAGE_MAX_BYTES
                        The maximum number of bytes status update messages can
                        be. Defaults to 65536.
  --status-update-interval STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL
                        Minimum of seconds to wait between sending status
                        updates to the API server. -1 means to not send status
                        updates except with heartbeats. Defaults to -1.

configuration:
  Environment/configuration resolution settings

  -e ENV_LOCATIONS, --env ENV_LOCATIONS
                        Location of either local file, AWS S3 ARN, or AWS
                        Secrets Manager ARN containing properties used to
                        populate the environment for embedded mode, or the
                        process environment for wrapped mode. By default, the
                        file format is assumed to be dotenv. Specify multiple
                        times to include multiple locations.
  -c CONFIG_LOCATIONS, --config CONFIG_LOCATIONS
                        Location of either local file, AWS S3 ARN, or AWS
                        Secrets Manager ARN containing properties used to
                        populate the configuration for embedded mode. By
                        default, the file format is assumed to be in JSON.
                        Specify multiple times to include multiple locations.
  --config-merge-strategy {SHALLOW,REPLACE,ADDITIVE,TYPESAFE_REPLACE,TYPESAFE_ADDITIVE}
                        Merge strategy for merging config files with
                        mergedeep. Defaults to SHALLOW, which does not require
                        mergedeep. All other strategies require the mergedeep
                        python package to be installed.
  --overwrite_env_during_resolution
                        Do not overwrite existing environment variables when
                        resolving them
  --config-ttl CONFIG_TTL
                        Number of seconds to cache resolved environment
                        variables and configuration properties instead of
                        refreshing them when a process restarts. -1 means to
                        never refresh. Defaults to -1.
  --no-fail-fast-config-resolution
                        Exit immediately if an error occurs resolving the
                        configuration
  --resolved-env-var-name-prefix RESOLVED_ENV_VAR_NAME_PREFIX
                        Required prefix for names of environment variables
                        that should resolved. The prefix will be removed in
                        the resolved variable name. Defaults to ''.
  --resolved-env-var-name-suffix RESOLVED_ENV_VAR_NAME_SUFFIX
                        Required suffix for names of environment variables
                        that should resolved. The suffix will be removed in
                        the resolved variable name. Defaults to
                        '_FOR_PROC_WRAPPER_TO_RESOLVE'.
  --resolved-config-property-name-prefix RESOLVED_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_PREFIX
                        Required prefix for names of configuration properties
                        that should resolved. The prefix will be removed in
                        the resolved property name. Defaults to ''.
  --resolved-config-property-name-suffix RESOLVED_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_SUFFIX
                        Required suffix for names of configuration properties
                        that should resolved. The suffix will be removed in
                        the resolved property name. Defaults to
                        '__to_resolve'.
  --env-var-name-for-config ENV_VAR_NAME_FOR_CONFIG
                        The name of the environment variable used to set to
                        the value of the JSON encoded configuration. Defaults
                        to not setting any environment variable.
  --config-property-name-for-env CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_FOR_ENV
                        The name of the configuration property used to set to
                        the value of the JSON encoded environment. Defaults to
                        not setting any property.

rollbar:
  Rollbar settings

  --rollbar-access-token ROLLBAR_ACCESS_TOKEN
                        Access token for Rollbar (used to report error when
                        communicating with API server)
  --rollbar-retries ROLLBAR_RETRIES
                        Number of retries per Rollbar request. Defaults to 2.
  --rollbar-retry-delay ROLLBAR_RETRY_DELAY
                        Number of seconds to wait before retrying a Rollbar
                        request. Defaults to 120.
  --rollbar-timeout ROLLBAR_TIMEOUT
                        Timeout for contacting Rollbar server, in seconds.
                        Defaults to 30.

These environment variables take precedence over command-line arguments:

• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_NAME
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_UUID
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_EXECUTION_UUID
• PROC_WRAPPER_AUTO_CREATE_TASK (TRUE or FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_AUTO_CREATE_TASK_RUN_ENVIRONMENT_NAME
• PROC_WRAPPER_AUTO_CREATE_TASK_RUN_ENVIRONMENT_UUID
• PROC_WRAPPER_AUTO_CREATE_TASK_PROPS (JSON encoded property map)
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_IS_PASSIVE (TRUE OR FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_IS_SERVICE (TRUE or FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_EXECUTION_METHOD_PROPS (JSON encoded property map)
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_MAX_CONCURRENCY (can be set to -1 to indicate no limit)
• PROC_WRAPPER_PREVENT_OFFLINE_EXECUTION (TRUE or FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_VERSION_NUMBER
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_VERSION_TEXT
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_VERSION_SIGNATURE
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_INSTANCE_METADATA
• PROC_WRAPPER_LOG_LEVEL
• PROC_WRAPPER_LOG_SECRETS
• PROC_WRAPPER_DEPLOYMENT
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_BASE_URL
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_KEY
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_ERROR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_RESUME_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_ERROR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_CONFLICT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_TASK_EXECUTION_CREATION_CONFLICT_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_FINAL_UPDATE_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_ENV_LOCATIONS
• PROC_WRAPPER_CONFIG_LOCATIONS
• PROC_WRAPPER_OVERWRITE_ENV_WITH_SECRETS
• PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVE_SECRETS
• PROC_WRAPPER_MAX_CONFIG_RESOLUTION_DEPTH
• PROC_WRAPPER_MAX_CONFIG_RESOLUTION_ITERATIONS
• PROC_WRAPPER_MAX_CONFIG_TTL_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_FAIL_FAST_CONFIG_RESOLUTION
• PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVABLE_ENV_VAR_NAME_PREFIX
• PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVABLE_ENV_VAR_NAME_SUFFIX
• PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVABLE_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_PREFIX
• PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVABLE_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_SUFFIX
• PROC_WRAPPER_ENV_VAR_NAME_FOR_CONFIG
• PROC_WRAPPER_CONFIG_PROPERTY_NAME_FOR_VAR
• PROC_WRAPPER_SEND_PID (TRUE or FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_SEND_HOSTNAME (TRUE or FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_SEND_RUNTIME_METADATA (TRUE or FALSE)
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_ACCESS_TOKEN
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_RETRIES
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_MAX_CONFLICTING_AGE_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_WORK_DIR
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_MAX_RETRIES
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_CHECK_INTERVAL_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_TERMINATION_GRACE_PERIOD_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_STATUS_UPDATE_SOCKET_PORT
• PROC_WRAPPER_STATUS_UPDATE_MESSAGE_MAX_BYTES

With the exception of the settings for Secret Fetching and Resolution, these environment variables are read after Secret Fetching so that they can come from secret values.

The command is executed with the same environment that the wrapper script gets, except that these properties are copied/overridden:

• PROC_WRAPPER_DEPLOYMENT
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_BASE_URL
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_KEY
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_ERROR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_RESUME_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_API_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_ACCESS_TOKEN
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_RETRIES
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_ROLLBAR_RESUME_DELAY_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_EXECUTION_UUID
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_UUID
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_NAME
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_VERSION_NUMBER
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_VERSION_TEXT
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_VERSION_SIGNATURE
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_INSTANCE_METADATA
• PROC_WRAPPER_SCHEDULE
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_TASK_MAX_CONCURRENCY
• PROC_WRAPPER_PREVENT_OFFLINE_EXECUTION
• PROC_WRAPPER_PROCESS_TERMINATION_GRACE_PERIOD_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_ENABLE_STATUS_UPDATE_LISTENER
• PROC_WRAPPER_STATUS_UPDATE_SOCKET_PORT
• PROC_WRAPPER_STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL_SECONDS
• PROC_WRAPPER_STATUS_UPDATE_MESSAGE_MAX_BYTES

Wrapped mode is suitable for running in a shell on your own (virtual) machine or in a Docker container. It requires multi-process support, as the module runs at the same time as the command it wraps.

Embedded mode

Embedded mode works for executing python code in the same process. You include the proc_wrapper package in your python project's dependencies. To run a task you want to be monitored:

from typing import Any, Dict, Mapping

from proc_wrapper import ProcWrapper, ProcWrapperParams


def fun(wrapper: ProcWrapper, cbdata: Dict[str, int],
        config: Mapping[str, Any]) -> int:
    print(cbdata)
    return cbdata['a']

params = ProcWrapperParams()
params.auto_create_task = True
params.auto_create_run_environment_name = 'production'
params.task_name = 'embedded_test'

# For example only, in the real world you would use Secret Fetching;
# see below.
params.api_key = 'YOUR_CLOUDREACTOR_API_KEY'
proc_wrapper = ProcWrapper(params=params)
x = proc_wrapper.managed_call(fun, {'a': 1, 'b': 2})
# Should print 1
print(x)

This is suitable for running in single-threaded environments like AWS Lambda, or as part of a larger process that executes sub-routines that should be monitored.

Currently, Tasks running as Lambdas must be marked as passive Tasks, as the execution method is Unknown. In the near future, CloudReactor will support running and managing Tasks that run as Lambdas.

Secret Fetching and Resolution

A common requirement is that deployed code / images do not contain secrets internally which could be decompiled. Instead, programs should fetch secrets from an external source in a secure manner. If your program runs in AWS, it can make use of AWS's roles that have permission to access data in Secrets Manager or S3. However, in many scenarios, having your program access AWS directly has the following disadvantages:

1. Your program becomes coupled to AWS, so it is difficult to run locally or switch to another infrastructure provider
2. You need to write code or use a library for each programming language you use, so secret fetching is done in a non-uniform way
3. Writing code to merge and parse secrets from different sources is tedious

Therefore, proc_wrapper implements Secret Fetching and Resolution to solve these problems so your programs don't have to. Both usage modes can fetch secrets from AWS Secrets Manager, AWS S3, or the local filesystem, and optionally extract embedded data into the environment or a configuration dictionary. The environment is used to pass values to processes run in wrapped mode, while the configuration dictionary is passed to the callback function in embedded mode.

proc_wrapper parses secret location strings that specify the how to resolve a secret value. Each secret location string has the format:

[PROVIDER_CODE:]<Provider specific address>[!FORMAT][|JP:<JSON Path expression>]

Secret Providers

Providers indicate the raw source of the secret data. The table below lists the supported providers:

Provider Code	Value Prefix	Provider	Example Address	Required libs	Notes
AWS_SM	arn:aws:secretsmanager:	AWS Secrets Manager	arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:config	boto3	Can also include version suffix like -PPrpY
AWS_S3	arn:aws:s3:::	AWS S3 Object	arn:aws:s3:::examplebucket/staging/app1/config.json	boto3
FILE	file://	Local file	file:///home/appuser/app/.env		The default provider if no provider is auto-detected
ENV		The process environment	SOME_TOKEN		The name of another environment variable
CONFIG		The configuration dictionary	$.db	jsonpath-ng	JSON path expression to extract the data in the configuration
PLAIN		Plaintext	{"user": "postgres", "password": "badpassword"}

If you don't specify an explicit provider prefix in a secret location (e.g. AWS_SM:), the provider can be auto-detected from the address portion using the Value Prefix. For example the secret location arn:aws:s3:::examplebucket/staging/app1/config.json will be auto-detected to with the AWS_S3 provider because it starts with arn:aws:s3:::.

Secret Formats

Formats indicate how the raw string data is parsed into a secret value (which may be a string, number, boolean, dictionary, or array). The table below lists the supported formats:

Format Code	Extensions	MIME types	Required libs	Notes
dotenv	.env	None	dotenv	Also auto-detected if location includes .env.
json	.json	application/json, text/x-json
yaml	.yaml, .yml	application/x-yaml, application/yaml, text/vnd.yaml, text/yaml, text/x-yaml	pyyaml	safe_load() is used for security

The format of a secret value can be auto-detected from the extension or by the MIME type if available. Otherwise, you may need to an explicit format code (e.g. !yaml).

AWS Secrets Manager / S3 Notes

boto3 is used to fetch secrets. It will try to access to AWS Secrets Manager or S3 using environment variables AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY if they are set, or use the EC2 instance role, ECS task role, or Lambda execution role if available.

For Secrets Manager, you can also use "partial ARNs" (without the hyphened suffix) as keys. In the example above

arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:config

could be used to fetch the same secret, provided there are no conflicting secret ARNs. This allows you to get the latest version of the secret.

If the secret was stored in Secrets Manager as binary, the corresponding value will be set to the Base-64 encoded value.

Secret Tranformation

Fetching secrets can be relatively expensive and it makes sense to group related secrets together. Therefore it is common to store dictionaries (formatted as JSON or YAML) as secrets. However, each desired environment variable or configuration property may only consist of a fragment of the dictionary. For example, given the JSON-formatted dictionary

{
  "username": "postgres",
  "password": "badpassword"
}

you may want to populate the environment variable DB_USERNAME with postgres.

To facilitate this, dictionary fragments can be extracted to individual environment variables using jsonpath-ng. To specify that a variable be extracted from a dictionary using a JSON Path expression, append "|JP:" followed by the JSON Path expression to the secret location string. For example, if the AWS Secrets Manager ARN

arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:db-PPrpY

contains the dictionary above, then the secret location string

arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:db-PPrpY|JP:$.username

will resolve to postgres as desired.

If you do something similar to get the password from the same JSON value, proc_wrapper is smart enough to cache the fetched dictionary, so that the raw data is only fetched once.

Since JSON path expressions yield a list of results, the secrets fetcher implements the following rules to transform the list to the final value:

1. If the list of results has a single value, that value is used as the final value, unless [*] is appended to the JSON path expression.
2. Otherwise, the final value is the list of results

Fetching from another environment variable

In some deployment scenarios, multiple secrets can be injected into a single environment variable as a JSON encoded object. In that case, the module can extract secrets using the ENV secret source. For example, you may have arranged to have the environment variable DB_CONFIG injected with the JSON encoded value:

{ "username": "postgres", "password": "nohackme" }

Then to extract the username to the environment variable DB_USERNAME you you would add the environment variable DB_USER_FOR_PROC_WRAPPER_TO_RESOLVE set to

ENV:DB_CONFIG|JP:$.username

Secret injection into environment and configuration

Now let's use secret location strings to inject the values into the environment (for wrapped mode) and/or the the configuration dictionary (for embedded mode). proc_wrapper supports two methods of secret injection which can be combined together:

• Top-level fetching
• Secrets Resolution

Top-level fetching

Top-level fetching refers to fetching a dictionary that contains multiple secrets and populating the environment / configuration dictionary with it. To use top-level fetching, you specify the secret locations from which you want to fetch the secrets and the corresponding values are merged together into the environment / configuration.

To use top-level fetching in wrapped mode, populate the environment variables PROC_WRAPPER_ENV_LOCATIONS with a comma-separated list of secret locations, or use the command-line option --env-locations <secret_location> one or more times. Secret location strings passed in via PROC_WRAPPER_ENV_LOCATIONS or --env-locations will be parsed as dotenv files unless format is auto-detected or explicitly specified.

To use top-level fetching in embedded mode, set the ProcWrapperParams property config_locations to a list of secret locations. Secret location values will be parsed as JSON unless the format is auto-detected or explicitly specified. The config argument passed to the your callback function will contain a merged dictionary of all fetched and parsed dictionary values. For example:

def callback(wrapper: ProcWrapper, cbdata: str,
        config: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
    return 'super' + cbdata + config['username']


def main():
    params = ProcWrapperParams()
    params.config_locations = [
        'arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:db-PPrpY',
        # More secret locations can be added here, and their values will
        # be merged
    ]

    wrapper = ProcWrapper(params=params)

    # Returns 'superduperpostgres'
    return wrapper.managed_call(callback, 'duper')

Merging Secrets

Top-level fetching can potentially fetch multiple dictionaries which are merged together in the final environment / configuration dictionary. The default merge strategy (SHALLOW) is just to overwrite top-level keys, with later secret locations taking precedence. However, if you include the mergedeep library, you can also set the merge strategy to one of:

• REPLACE
• ADDITIVE
• TYPESAFE_REPLACE
• TYPESAFE_ADDITIVE

so that nested dictionaries / lists will be merged as well. In wrapped mode, the merge strategy can be set with the --config-merge-strategy command-line argument or PROC_WRAPPER_CONFIG_MERGE_STRATEGY environment variable. In embedded mode, the merge strategy can be set in the config_merge_strategy string property of ProcWrapperParams.

Secret Resolution

Secret Resolution substitutes configuration or environment values that are secret location strings with the computed values of those strings. Compared to Secret Fetching, Secret Resolution is more useful when you want more control over the names of variables or when you have secret values deep inside your configuration.

In wrapped mode, if you want to set the environment variable MY_SECRET with a value fetched from AWS Secrets Manager, you would set the environment variable MY_SECRET_FOR_PROC_WRAPPER_TO_RESOLVE to a secret location string which is ARN of the secret, for example:

arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:db-PPrpY

(The _FOR_PROC_WRAPPER_TO_RESOLVE suffix of environment variable names is removed during resolution. It can also be configured with the PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVABLE_ENV_VAR_NAME_SUFFIX environment variable.)

In embedded mode, if you want the final configuration dictionary to look like:

{
  "db_username": "postgres",
  "db_password": "badpassword",
  ...
}

The initial configuration dictionary would look like:

{
  "db_username__to_resolve": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:db-PPrpY|JP:$.username",
  "db_password__to_resolve": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:db-PPrpY|JP:$.password",

  ...
}

(The __to_resolve suffix (with 2 underscores!) of keys is removed during resolution. It can also be configured with the resolved_config_property_name_suffix property of ProcWrapperParams.)

proc_wrapper can also resolve keys in embedded dictionaries, like:

{
  "db": {
    "username__to_resolve": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:config-PPrpY|JP:$.username",
    "password__to_resolve":
    "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:config-PPrpY|JP:$.password",
    ...
  },
  ...
}

up to a maximum depth that you can control with ProcWrapperParams.max_config_resolution_depth (which defaults to 5). That would resolve to

{
  "db": {
    "username": "postgres",
    "password": "badpassword"
    ...
  },
  ...
}

You can also inject entire dictionaries, like:

{
  "db__to_resolve": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:1234567890:secret:config-PPrpY",
  ...
}

which would resolve to

{
  "db": {
    "username": "postgres",
    "password": "badpassword"
  },
  ...
}

To enable secret resolution in wrapped mode, set environment variable PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVE_SECRETS to TRUE. In embedded mode, secret resolution is enabled by default; set the max_config_resolution_iterations property of ProcWrapperParams to 0 to disable resolution.

Secret resolution is run multiple times so that if a resolved value contains a secret location string, it will be resolved on the next pass. By default, proc_wrapper limits the maximum number of resolution passes to 3 but you can control this with the environment variable PROC_WRAPPER_MAX_CONFIG_RESOLUTION_ITERATIONS in embedded mode, or by setting the max_config_resolution_iterations property of ProcWrapperParams in wrapped mode.

Environment projection

During secret fetching and secret resolution, proc_wrapper internally maintains the computed environment as a dictionary which may have embedded lists and dictionaries. However, the final environment passed to process is a flat dictionary containing only string values. So proc_wrapper converts all top-level values to strings using these rules:

• Lists and dictionaries are converted to their JSON-encoded string value
• Boolean values are converted to their upper-cased string representation (e.g. the string FALSE for the boolean value false)
• The None value is converted to the empty string
• All other values are converted using python's str() function

Secrets Refreshing

You can set a Time to Live (TTL) on the duration that secrets are cached, using the --resolved-env-ttl command argument or PROC_WRAPPER_RESOLVED_ENV_TTL_SECONDS environment variable.

In wrapped mode, if the process exits, you have configured the script to retry, and the TTL has expired since the last fetch, proc_wrapper will re-fetch the secrets and resolve them again, for the environment passed to the next invocation of your process.

In embedded mode, if the callback function raises an exception, you have configured the script to retry, and the TTL has expired since the last fetch, proc_wrapper will re-fetch the secrets and resolve them again, for the configuration passed to the next invocation of the callback function.

Status Updates

Status Updates in Wrapped Mode

While your process in running, you can send status updates to CloudReactor by using the StatusUpdater class. Status updates are shown in the CloudReactor dashboard and allow you to track the current progress of a Task and also how many items are being processed in multiple executions over time.

In wrapped mode, your application code would send updates to the proc_wrapper program via UDP port 2373 (configurable with the PROC_WRAPPER_STATUS_UPDATE_PORT environment variable). If your application code is in python, you can use the provided StatusUpdater class to do this:

from proc_wrapper import StatusUpdater

with StatusUpdater() as updater:
    updater.send_update(last_status_message='Starting ...')
    success_count = 0

    for i in range(100):
        try:
            do_work()
            success_count += 1
            updater.send_update(success_count=success_count)
        except Exception:
            failed_count += 1
            updater.send_update(failed_count=failed_count)

    updater.send_update(last_status_message='Finished!')

Status Updates in Embedded Mode

In embedded mode, your callback in python code can use the wrapper instance to send updates:

from typing import Any, Dict, Mapping

import proc_wrapper
from proc_wrapper import ProcWrapper

def fun(wrapper: ProcWrapper, cbdata: Dict[str, int],
        config: Mapping[str, Any]) -> int:
    wrapper.send_update(status_message='Starting the fun ...')

    for i in range(100):
        try:
            do_work()
            success_count += 1
        except Exception:
            failed_count += 1

        # Coalesce updates to avoid using too much bandwidth / API credits
        if (success_count + failed_count) % 10 == 0:
            wrapper.send_update(success_count=success_count,
                    failed_count=failed_count)

    wrapper.send_update(status_message='The fun is over.')

    return cbdata['a']

params = ProcWrapperParams()
params.auto_create_task = True
params.auto_create_run_environment_name = 'production'
params.task_name = 'embedded_test'
params.api_key = 'YOUR_CLOUDREACTOR_API_KEY'
proc_wrapper = ProcWrapper(params=params)
proc_wrapper.managed_call(fun, {'a': 1, 'b': 2})

Example Project

The cloudreactor-python-ecs-quickstart project uses this library to deploy some sample tasks, written in python, to CloudReactor, running using AWS ECS Fargate.

License

This software is dual-licensed under open source (MPL 2.0) and commercial licenses. See LICENSE for details.

Contributors ✨

Thanks goes to these wonderful people (emoji key):

Jeff Tsay 💻 📖 🚇 🚧

Mike Waldner 💻

Bruno Alla 💻 🤔 📖

This project follows the all-contributors specification. Contributions of any kind welcome!

Credits

This package was created with Cookiecutter and the browniebroke/cookiecutter-pypackage project template.