Set of helpers for Django used at PHAC-ASPC
Project description
Django Helpers
Provides a series of helpers to provide a consistent experience across PHAC-ASPC's Django based projects.
Third party applications
By using this library, the following django applications will automatically be added to your django project:
Quick start
pip install django-phac_aspc-helpers
# settings.py
from phac_aspc.django.settings.utils import configure_apps, configure_middleware
from phac_aspc.django.settings import *
INSTALLED_APPS = configure_apps([...])
MIDDLEWARE = configure_middleware([...])
Note: Replace [...] above with the corresponding existing configuration from your project.
The configure_apps and configure_middleware utility functions will insert
the appropriate applications into their correct location in your project's
application and middleware lists.
# urls.py
from phac_aspc.django.helpers.urls import urlpatterns as phac_aspc_helper_urls
urlpatterns = [
...
*phac_aspc_helper_urls,
]
Note: Add
*phac_aspc_helper_urlsto the list orurlpatternsexported by your project'surlsmodule.
Jinja
If you are using jinja you can use django template tags by adding them to the global environment like this:
import phac_aspc.django.helpers.templatetags as phac_aspc
def environment(**options):
env = Environment(**options)
env.globals.update({
"phac_aspc": phac_aspc,
})
return env
For more information, refer to the Jinja documentation.
Environment variables
Several settings or behaviours implemented by this library can be controlled via
environment variables. This is done via the
django-environ library.
(Refer to their documentation on how to format special data types like lists)
If your project root has a .env file, those values will be used.
If you want to use environment variables in your project's configuration, you can simply reference django-environ directly as it will automatically be installed. For example:
import environ
env = environ.Env(DEBUG=(bool, False))
environ.Env.read_env()
DEBUG = env('DEBUG')
This library also provides a utility that automatically declares a module level global while checking the environment. It is particularly useful when declaring django settings.
from phac_aspc.django.settings.utils import global_from_env
global_from_env(
SESSION_COOKIE_AGE=(int, 1200),
)
The example above creates the module level global SESSION_COOKIE_AGE with a
default value of 1200, unless there is an environment variable (or .env file
entry) PHAC_ASPC_SESSION_COOKIE_AGE. By default the declared variable name is
prefixed with PHAC_ASPC_. The prefix can be changed by providing a custom
prefix.
from phac_aspc.django.settings.utils import global_from_env
global_from_env(
prefix='MY_PREFIX_',
SESSION_COOKIE_AGE=(int, 1200),
)
Environment variable list
All variables are prefixed with PHAC_ASPC_ to avoid name conflicts.
| Variable | Type | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| PHAC_ASPC_SESSION_COOKIE_AGE | int | Session expiry in seconds |
| PHAC_ASPC_SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE | bool | Use secure cookies (HTTPS only) |
| PHAC_ASPC_LANGUAGE_CODE | str | Default language |
Features
Web Experience Toolkit (WET)
The Web Experience Toolkit is bundled with the helpers, and can easily be added to your templates.
Your base template should be modified to:
- Specify the current language in the lang attribute of the HTML element
- Include the WET CSS files inside the HEAD element
- Include the WET script files at the end of your BODY element
A minimum base template may look like this:
{% load phac_aspc_wet %}
{% load phac_aspc_localization %}
<html lang="{% phac_aspc_localization_lang %}">
<head>
{% phac_aspc_wet_css %}
</head>
<body>
<h1>Minimum base template</h1>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
{% phac_aspc_wet_scripts %}
</body>
</html>
or if you're using Jinja:
<html lang="{{ phac_aspc.phac_aspc_localization_lang() }}">
<head>
{{ phac_aspc.phac_aspc_wet_css() }}
</head>
<body>
<h1>Minimum base template</h1>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
{{ phac_aspc.phac_aspc_wet_scripts() }}
</body>
</html>
Bundled releases
| Product | Version |
|---|---|
| Web Experience Toolkit (WET) | v4.0.56.4 |
| Canada.ca (GCWeb) | v12.5.0 |
Sign in using Microsoft
By adding a few environment variables, authentication using Microsoft's
identity platform is automatically configured via the Authlib
library. Setting the PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_PROVIDER variable to "microsoft" enables
OAuth and adds the following new routes:
- /en-ca/phac_aspc_helper_login (
phac_aspc_helper_login) - /fr-ca/phac_aspc_helper_login (
phac_aspc_helper_login) - /en-ca/phac_aspc_helper_authorize (
phac_aspc_authorize) - /fr-ca/phac_aspc_helper_authorize (
phac_aspc_authorize)
The phac_aspc_authorize URLs above must be added to the list of redirect URLs
in the Azure App Registration.
The login flow is triggered by redirecting the browser to the named route
phac_aspc_helper_login. The browser will automatically redirect the user to
Microsoft's Sign in page and after successful authentication, return the user to
the redirect route named phac_aspc_authorize along with a token containing
information about the user.
By default, the authentication backend will look for a user who's username is
the user's uuid from Microsoft - if not found a new user is created. To
customize this behaviour, a custom authentication backend class can be specified
via PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_USE_BACKEND in settings.py.
After successful authentication, the user is redirected to /. To customize
this behaviour, set PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_REDIRECT_ON_LOGIN in settings.py to the
name of the desired route.
PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_USE_BACKEND = "custom.authentication.backend"
PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_REDIRECT_ON_LOGIN = "home"
# pylint: disable=wrong-import-position, unused-wildcard-import, wildcard-import
from phac_aspc.django.settings import *
Note It is important that these settings be declared before the wildcard import.
Here is an example custom backend that sets the user's name to the value provided by the identity service.
from typing import Any
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.contrib.auth.backends import BaseBackend
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser
from django.http.request import HttpRequest
class OAuthBackend(BaseBackend):
def _get(self, user_info, value, default=""):
return user_info[value] if value in user_info else default
def _should_update(self, user_info, value, current):
v = self._get(user_info, value)
return v != "" and v != current
def _sync_user(self, user, user_info, force=False):
if (
force
or self._should_update(user_info, "email", user.email)
or self._should_update(user_info, "name", user.first_name)
):
user.email = self._get(user_info, "email", user.email)
user.first_name = self._get(user_info, "name", user.first_name)
user.save()
def authenticate(
self,
request: HttpRequest,
user_info: dict | None = None,
**kwargs: Any,
) -> AbstractBaseUser | None:
if user_info is not None:
user_model = get_user_model()
try:
user = user_model.objects.get(username=user_info["oid"])
self._sync_user(user, user_info)
except user_model.DoesNotExist:
user = user_model(username=user_info["oid"])
self._sync_user(user, user_info, True)
return user
return None
def get_user(self, user_id):
user_model = get_user_model()
try:
return user_model.objects.get(pk=user_id)
except user_model.DoesNotExist:
return None
Environment Variables
| Variable | Type | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_PROVIDER | str | Only "microsoft" is supported at the moment. |
| PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_APP_CLIENT_ID | str | Client ID (from the App Registration) |
| PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_APP_CLIENT_SECRET | str | Client Secret (from the App Registration) |
| PHAC_ASPC_OAUTH_MICROSOFT_TENANT | str | Microsoft Tenant ID |
Template Tag
A "Sign in with Microsoft" button is available as a template tag:
{% load phac_aspc_auth %}
{% phac_aspc_auth_signin_microsoft_button %}
Handling Errors
If there are any errors during the authentication flow, they are displayed to
the user via the error.html
template. The template can be extended using standard django templating by
creating a templates/phac_aspc/helpers/auth/error.html file in the host
project.
Strings and locales
Strings displayed to the user during the authentication flow are available in Canada's both official languages. These strings can be customized by creating templates in the host project. Here is a list of strings and templates used by the authentication flow:
| Template | Context |
|---|---|
| error_title.html | Error page title tag value |
| error_page_description.html | Description of error page (meta tag) |
| error_type_general.html | Error header displayed for general exceptions |
| error_type_oauth.html | Error header displayed for authentication errors |
| error_retry.html | Text of retry link |
| microsoft_logo.html | Alt text of sign the Microsoft logo in signin button |
| signin_with_microsoft.html | Text displayed in sign in button |
Note String templates should be placed in the
templates/phac_aspc/helpers/stringsdirectory.
Security Controls
AC-7 Automatic lockout of users after invalid login attempts
django-axes is used to monitor and lockout users who fail to successfully authenticate.
The default configuration makes the following configuration changes to django:
- An attempt is identified by the combination of incoming IP address and the username,
- Both successful logins and failures are recorded to the database,
- The django project is assumed to be behind 1 reverse proxy (SSL),
- After 3 login failures, the account is locked out for 30 minutes.
To require an administrator to unlock the account, or to alter the lockout
duration, you can modify the AXES_COOLOFF_TIME setting.
# settings.py
# Examples of AXES_COOLOFF_TIME settings
AXES_COOLOFF_TIME = None # An administrator must unlock the account
AXES_COOLOFF_TIME = 2 # Accounts will be locked out for 2 hours
For more information regarding available configuration options, visit django-axes's documentation
There are also a few command line management commands available, for example to remove all of the lockouts you can run:
python -m manage axes_reset
See the usage documentation for more details.
AC-11 Session Timeouts
The default configuration makes the following configuration changes to django:
- Sessions timeout in 20 minutes,
- Sessions cookies are marked as secure,
- Sessions cookies are discarded when the browser is closed,
- Any requests to the server automatically extends the session.
You can override any of these settings by adding them below the settings import line. For example to use 30 minutes sessions:
#settings.py
from phac_aspc.django.settings import *
SESSION_COOKIE_AGE=1800
Configuration parameters can also be overridden using environment variables. For example here is a .env file that achieves the same result as above.
# .env
PHAC_ASPC_SESSION_COOKIE_AGE=1800
For more information on sessions, refer to Django's documentation
Additionally the Session Timeout UI control is available to warn users their session is about to expire, and provide mechanisms to automatically renew the session by clicking anywhere on the page, or by clicking on the "extend session" button when less than 3 minutes remain.
To use it, make sure your base template has WET setup as described above, and add the following line somewhere in your body tag.
{% phac_aspc_wet_session_timeout_dialog 'logout' %}
or if you're using Jinja
{{ phac_aspc.phac_aspc_wet_session_timeout_dialog(
dict(request=request),
'logout'
)
}}
Make sure the above is included on every page where a user can be signed in, preferably in the base template for the entire site.
For more information on session timeout, visit the documentation.
Localization
Django will be configured to support English (en-ca) and French (fr-ca). This
can be changed in your projects settings using LANGUAGES and LANGUAGE_CODE.
For more information on Django's localization, see their documentation.
lang template tag
In your templates, retrieve the current language code using the lang tag.
{% load localization %}
<html lang="{% lang %}">
Or in you're using Jinja
<html lang="{{ phac_aspc.localization.lang() }}">
translate decorator
Use this decorator on your models to add translations via
django-modeltranslation. The example below adds translations for the
title field.
from django.db import models
from phac_aspc.django.localization.decorators import translate
@translate('title')
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
add_admin decorator
Use this decorator on your model to quickly add it to Django's admin interface.
from django.db import models
from phac_aspc.django.admin.decorators import add_admin
@add_admin()
class Person(models.Model):
...
You can also specify inline models as well as additional ModelAdmin
parameters via inlines and admin_options respectively.
class SignalLocation(models.Model):
signal = models.ForeignKey("Signal", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
location = models.String()
@add_admin(
admin_options={'filter_horizontal': ('source',)},
inlines=[SignalLocation]
)
class Signal(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=400)
location = models.ManyToManyField("Location", through='SignalLocation')
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