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Sphinxsearch database backend for django>=2.0

Project description

Django-sphinxsearch

SphinxSearch database backend for Django.

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Installation and usage

  1. Install django-sphinxsearch package

    pip install django_sphinxsearch
    
  2. Configure Django settings

    INSTALLED_APPS += (
        'sphinxsearch',
    )
    
    SPHINX_DATABASE_NAME = 'sphinx'
    
    DATABASES[SPHINX_DATABASE_NAME] = {
        'ENGINE': 'sphinxsearch.backend.sphinx',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': 9306,
    }
    
    DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['sphinxsearch.routers.SphinxRouter']
    
  3. Create index definitions in sphinx.conf

    index testapp_testmodel
    {
        type              = rt
        path              = /data/sphinx/testapp/testmodel/
    
        rt_field          = sphinx_field
        rt_attr_uint      = attr_uint
        rt_attr_bool      = attr_bool
        rt_attr_bigint    = attr_bigint
        rt_attr_float     = attr_float
        rt_attr_multi     = attr_multi
        rt_attr_multi_64  = attr_multi_64
        rt_attr_timestamp = attr_timestamp
        rt_attr_string    = attr_string
        rt_attr_json      = attr_json
    }
    
  4. Define Django model for index

    import six
    from datetime import datetime
    from django.db import models
    
    from jsonfield.fields import JSONField
    
    from sphinxsearch import sql
    from sphinxsearch import models as spx_models
    
    
    class FieldMixin(spx_models.SphinxModel):
        # Note that NULL values are not allowed for sphinx rt-index.
        # Indexed text field. If no attribute with same name defined, can't be
        # retrieved from index.
    
        class Meta:
            abstract = True
    
        # Indexed text field. If no attribute with same name defined, can't be
        # retrieved from index.
        sphinx_field = spx_models.SphinxField(default='')
        other_field = spx_models.SphinxField(default='')
    
        # Numeric attributes
        attr_uint = spx_models.SphinxIntegerField(default=0, db_column='attr_uint_')
        attr_bigint = spx_models.SphinxBigIntegerField(default=0)
        attr_float = models.FloatField(default=0.0)
        attr_timestamp = spx_models.SphinxDateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
        attr_bool = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    
        # String attributes
        attr_string = models.CharField(max_length=32, default='')
        attr_json = JSONField(default={})
    
        # Multi-value fields (sets of integer values)
        attr_multi = spx_models.SphinxMultiField(default=[])
        attr_multi_64 = spx_models.SphinxMulti64Field(default=[])
    
    
    class TestModel(FieldMixin, spx_models.SphinxModel):
        pass
    
  5. Query index from your app

    # Numeric attributes filtering
    TestModel.objects.filter(attr_uint=0, attr_float__gte=10, attr_multi__in=[1, 2])
    
    # For sphinxsearch>=2.2.7, string attr filtering enabled
    TestModel.objects.filter(attr_string='some test')
    
    # Use mysql-fulltext-search filtering:
    
    TestModel.objects.filter(sphinx_field__search='find me')
    
    # Run match queries
    TestModel.objects.match(
        'find in all fields',
        sphinx_field='only in this field')
    
    # Insert and update documents to index
    
    obj = TestModel.objects.create(**values)
    obj.attr_uint = 1
    obj.save()
    
    TestModel.objects.filter(attr_bool=True).update(attr_uint=2)
    

Notes for production usage

  • Sphinxsearch engine has some issues with SQL-syntax support, and they vary from one version to another. I.e. float attributes are not comparable, string attributes were not comparable till v2.2.7.
  • Without limits sphinxsearch returns only 20 matched documents.
  • uint attributes accept -1 but return it as unsigned 32bit integer.
  • bigint accept 2**63 + 1 but return it as signed 64bit integer.
  • use SphinxIntegerField and SphinxBigIntegerField instead of IntegerField and BigIntegerField from django.db.models, because IN is an expression in SQL (value IN column), but a function (IN(value, column)) in sphinxsearch.

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