feyn 1.1.0b2

Feyn is the high level Python interface to interact with an Abzu QLattice.

Feyn: AI by Abzu

Feyn is a Python library that pushes machine learning to a new level by taking strong inspiration from quantum physics. A Feyn model is based on the path integral formulation of quantum physics originally proposed by the American physicist Richard P. Feynman.

Feyn models are in many ways similar to Neural Network (or Deep Learning) models, so some of the concepts may be familiar to you already. But at it's core, the Feyn model introduces a new way to work with your data together with a revolutionary way to accumulate and transfer learnings.

But let's start with the basics.

To generate a Feyn-model you need access to a QLattice, short for Quantum Lattice. A QLattice is a high-performance quantum simulator that runs on dedicated hardware. To learn more about getting access to a QLattice, visit www.abzu.ai

The other needed component is this Python package (feyn) that runs on your computer and accumulate learnings from your data. These learnings are communicated to your QLattice over the network.

A QLattice is the heart of a Feyn model. The QLattice is divided into 2 different parts: the registers and the interactions.

The registers are what we use to interact with the QLattice. They are the input and output interface of a Feyn model. There are different register types, but the basics are continuous and categorical. The output register is always continuous. More on this later.

The interactions layer is where the learnings are stored and is what we use to extract the QGraphs.

The QGraph represents all possible graphs, from the input registers to the output register. In human words that means all possible explanations for the given output with the given inputs, suggested by the qlattice.

Getting started: Feyn in 1 min

Ok, all this sounds good! But in practice how does this work?

Let us walk through a simple classification problem, step by step.

For this quick walk-through we will pick a simple classification problem. The breast cancer dataset which is bundled with sklearn.

This will show you the core concepts in building a graph to execute predictions, that you can deploy to your application.

Connect to your QLattice

from feyn import QLattice

qlattice = QLattice(url = "<URL to your qlattice>")
qlattice

Add registers

Read the example dataset and add a register for each column in the dataset.

The registers describes your problem. Which features goes in, and which feature do you want to predict. Often the same as the columns in your dataset.

import sklearn.datasets
import pandas as pd

breast_cancer = sklearn.datasets.load_breast_cancer()

# Convert to a pandas dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame(breast_cancer.data,columns=breast_cancer.feature_names)
df['target'] = pd.Series(breast_cancer.target)
df.head()

in_registers = []

# Create an input register for each input feature
for feature in breast_cancer.feature_names:
    in_registers.append(qlattice.get_register(label=feature))

# Turn the target column into an output register
out_reg = qlattice.get_register(label='target')

Now the QLattice is prepared for your problem.

Train locally and update learnings remotely

Next, run for some epochs, where you retrieve a new QGraph, fit it to the training data, and update the QLattice with the learnings from the best graph.

The update calls will bias the QLattice from your learnings. Meaning that next time you call qlattice.get_qgraph, the new QGraph will fit your problem better.

Notice, that the QLattice lives remotely on the Abzu cluster, but it never sees your local data. The dataset stays on your premise. So, you train locally, and just transmit your learnings to the QLattice. That is the way the QLattice gets better at producing QGraphs that fits your problem.

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split


train, test = train_test_split(df, test_size=0.33)

for _ in range(10):
    # Get a QGraph full of graphs between your inputs and output from the remote QLattice.
    # This QGraph will be biased towards what was learned from the previous `update` calls.
    qgraph = qlattice.get_qgraph(in_registers, out_reg)

    # Now fit the local QGraph with your local data
    qgraph.fit(train, epochs=10)

    # Select the graph with lowest loss on the training dataset as the best solution.
    # You could consider other attributes as your "best" (accuracy, complexity, etc.).
    best_graph = qgraph.select(test)[0]

    # Teach the QLattice about this solution, so that it gets biased towards solutions similar to this.
    qlattice.update(best_graph)

Evaluate

Finally, evaluate the results in the test dataset. This is also how you utilize the Graph for predictions in your application.

from feyn import tools

# Use the graph to produce predictions. This graph is similar your model in other framework.
# It is the thing you can save to a file, and deploy to your application or production environment.
predictions = best_graph.predict(X_test)

# This is a classification problem, but we are using a regression model to solve it.
# There are many ways to do this. In this example we will round to nearest integer (the class).
predictions = predictions.round()

tools.plot_confusion_matrix(y_true=test["target"],
                            y_pred=predictions,
                            title="Evaluation Results")