flake8-rst-docstrings 0.3.0

Python docstring reStructuredText (RST) validator for flake8

Introduction

This is an MIT licensed flake8 plugin for validating Python docstrings markup as reStructuredText (RST) using the Python library docutils. It is available to install from the Python Package Index (PyPI).

This is based heavily off pydocstyle (which is also MIT licensed), which has a flake8 plugin called flake8-docstrings, see:

• https://github.com/PyCQA/pydocstyle

• https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8-docstrings

The reStructuredText (RST) validation is done by calling docutils via Todd Wolfson’s restructuredtext-lint code:

• http://docutils.sourceforge.net/

• https://github.com/twolfson/restructuredtext-lint

I recommend you also install the related flake8-docstrings plugin, which brings the pydocstyle checks into flake8. This checks things like missing docstrings, and other recommendations from PEP 257 Docstring Conventions.

You may also wish to install the related flake8 plugin flake8-rst which can check the Python style of doctest formatted snippets of Python code within your *.rst files or the docstrings within your *.py files.

Flake8 Validation codes

Early versions of flake8 assumed a single character prefix for the validation codes, which became problematic with collisions in the plugin ecosystem. Since v3.0, flake8 has supported longer prefixes therefore this plugin uses RST as its prefix.

Internally we use docutils for RST validation, which has this to say in PEP258:

• Level-0, “DEBUG”: an internal reporting issue. There is no effect on the processing. Level-0 system messages are handled separately from the others.

• Level-1, “INFO”: a minor issue that can be ignored. There is little or no effect on the processing. Typically level-1 system messages are not reported.

• Level-2, “WARNING”: an issue that should be addressed. If ignored, there may be minor problems with the output. Typically level-2 system messages are reported but do not halt processing

• Level-3, “ERROR”: a major issue that should be addressed. If ignored, the output will contain unpredictable errors. Typically level-3 system messages are reported but do not halt processing

• Level-4, “SEVERE”: a critical error that must be addressed. Typically level-4 system messages are turned into exceptions which halt processing. If ignored, the output will contain severe errors.

The docutils “DEBUG” level messages are not reported, and the plugin currently ignores the “INFO” level messages.

Within each category, the individual messages are mapped to flake8 codes using one hundred times the level. i.e. Validation codes RST4## are severe or critical errors in RST validation, RST3## are major errors, RST2## are warnings, and while currently not yet used, RST1## would be information only.

Warning codes:

Code	Description
RST201	Block quote ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST202	Bullet list ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST203	Definition list ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST204	Enumerated list ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST205	Explicit markup ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST206	Field list ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST207	Literal block ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST208	Option list ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
RST210	Inline strong start-string without end-string.
RST211	Blank line required after table.
RST212	Title underline too short.
RST213	Inline emphasis start-string without end-string.
RST214	Inline literal start-string without end-string.
RST215	Inline interpreted text or phrase reference start-string without end-string.
RST216	Multiple roles in interpreted text (both prefix and suffix present; only one allowed).
RST217	Mismatch: both interpreted text role suffix and reference suffix.
RST218	Literal block expected; none found.
RST219	Inline substitution_reference start-string without end-string.
RST299	Previously unseen warning, not yet assigned a unique code.

Major error codes:

Code	Description
RST301	Unexpected indentation.
RST302	Malformed table.
RST303	Unknown directive type “XXX”.
RST304	Unknown interpreted text role “XXX”.
RST305	Undefined substitution referenced: “XXX”.
RST306	Unknown target name: “XXX”.
RST307	Error in “XXX” directive:
RST399	Previously unseen major error, not yet assigned a unique code.

Severe or critial error codes:

Code	Description
RST401	Unexpected section title.
RST499	Previously unseen severe error, not yet assigned a unique code.

Codes ending 99, for example RST499, indicate a previously unseen validation error for which we have yet to assign a unique validation code in the associated range, which would be RST4## in this example. If you see one of these codes, please report it on our GitHub issue tracker, ideally with an example we can use for testing.

Codes starting RST9## indicate there was a problem parsing the Python file in order to extract the docstrings, or in processing the contents.

Code	Description (and notes)
RST900	Failed to load file
RST901	Failed to parse file (No longer used)
RST902	Failed to parse __all__ entry (No longer used)
RST903	Failed to lint docstring

Installation and usage

Python 3.7 or later now required. Earlier versions did support Python 2.7, use v0.0.14 if required.

We recommend installing the plugin using pip, which handles the dependencies:

$ pip install flake8-rst-docstrings

Alternatively, if you are using the Anaconda packaging system, the following command will install the plugin with its dependencies:

$ conda install -c conda-forge flake8-rst-docstrings

Developers may install the plugin from the git repository with optional dependencies:

$ pip install -e .[develop]

The new validator should be automatically included when using flake8 which may now report additional validation codes starting with RST (as defined above). For example:

$ flake8 example.py

You can request only the RST codes be shown using:

$ flake8 --select RST example.py

Similarly you might add particular RST validation codes to your flake8 configuration file’s select or ignore list.

Note in addition to the RST prefix alone you can use partial codes like RST2 meaning RST200, RST201, … and so on.

Normally flake8 violations are to a specific line and column. Unfortuntatley, docutils only gives us a line number, and occasionally this only points to the start of a paragraph - not the exact line with an issue.

Configuration

We assume you are familiar with flake8 configuration.

If you are using Sphinx or other extensions to reStructuredText, you will want to define any additional directives or roles you are using to avoid false positive RST303, RST304 and RST305 violations. You may also need to ignore RST307 if using Sphinx directives with arguments.

You can set these at the command line if you wish:

$ flake8 --rst-roles class,func,ref --rst-directives envvar,exception ...

We recommend recording these settings in your flake8 configuration, for example in your .flake8, setup.cfg, or tox.ini file, e.g.:

[flake8]
rst-roles =
    class,
    func,
    ref,
rst-directives =
    envvar,
    exception,
rst-substitutions =
    version,
extend-ignore =
    RST307,
    # ...

Note that flake8 allows splitting the comma separated lists over multiple lines, and allows including of hash comment lines.

If you are using the Google Python Style you will sometimes get unwanted warnings from this plugin - particularly in the argument descriptions - as it does not use strict RST. We therefore currently suggest ignoring some of the violation codes:

[flake8]
extend-ignore =
    # Google Python style is not RST until after processed by Napoleon
    # See https://github.com/peterjc/flake8-rst-docstrings/issues/17
    RST201,RST203,RST301,

Version History

Version	Released	Changes
v0.3.0	2022-11-16	Replaced setup.py with pyproject.toml.
v0.2.7	2022-07-15	Fix where function signature occurred in docstring body.
v0.2.6	2022-06-07	Configuration option to define additional substitutions (e.g. from Sphinx) for RST305 (contribution from Andreas Thum). Requires Python 3.7 or later.
v0.2.5	2021-12-10	Ignore function signature lines at start of docstrings.
v0.2.4	2021-12-09	Fixed rare line number problem under Python 3.7 or older. Updated test framework to use pytest. Requires Python 3.6 or later.
v0.2.3	2021-05-03	Fixed line number assert in one-line docstring-only file.
v0.2.2	2021-04-30	Fixed line number problem under Python 3.8 or later. Corrected off-by-one line number in module docstrings.
v0.2.1	2021-04-23	Minor internal style change.
v0.2.0	2021-04-23	Use AST from flake8, not re-parsing with pydocstyle. Drops RST901 (internal problem with parser). Drops RST902 (checking any __all__ entry).
v0.1.2	2021-04-16	Dropped unused logging module import. Extended test coverage.
v0.1.1	2021-04-15	Explicit pygments dependency for any code blocks.
v0.1.0	2021-04-15	Import the parser from pydocstyle directly. Requires Python 3 (drops support for Python 2).
v0.0.14	2020-09-22	Adds RST307 for error in directive (eg invalid args).
v0.0.13	2019-12-26	Adds RST218 and RST219.
v0.0.12	2019-11-18	Adds RST213 to RST217.
v0.0.11	2019-08-07	Configuration options to define additional directives and roles (e.g. from Sphinx) for RST303 and RST304.
v0.0.10	2019-06-17	Fixed flake8 “builtins” parameter warning (contribution from Ruben Opdebeeck).
v0.0.9	2019-04-22	Checks positive and negative examples in test framework. Adds RST212, RST305 and RST306 (contribution from Brian Skinn).
v0.0.8	2017-10-09	Adds RST303 and RST304 for unknown directives and interpreted text role as used in Sphinx-Needs extension.
v0.0.7	2017-08-25	Remove triple-quotes before linting, was causing false positives reporting RST entries ending without a blank line at end of docstrings (bug fix for issue #1).
v0.0.6	2017-08-18	Support PEP263 style encodings following a hashbang line (bug fix for issue #2).
v0.0.5	2017-06-19	Support PEP263 style encoding declaration under Python 2. Introduced RST900 when fail to open the file.
v0.0.4	2017-06-19	Catch docstring linting failures, report as RST903.
v0.0.3	2017-06-16	Ensure plugin code and RST files themselves validate. Removed unused import of six module. Basic continuous integration checks with TravisCI.
v0.0.2	2017-06-16	Explicitly depend on flake8 v3.0.0 or later. Improved documentation.
v0.0.1	2017-06-16	Initial public release.

Developers

This plugin is on GitHub at https://github.com/peterjc/flake8-rst-docstrings

To make a new release once tested locally and on TravisCI:

$ git tag vX.Y.Z
$ python -m build
$ git push origin master --tags
$ twine upload dist/flake8?rst?docstrings-X.Y.Z*

The PyPI upload should trigger an automated pull request updating the flake8-rst-docstrings conda-forge recipe.