Lazy infinite cached sequences
Project description
The infseq module implements cached lazy infinite sequences for Python 3.
Here, the word “lazy” means that values of the sequence will never be calculated unless they are really used, and the word “cached” means that every value will be calculated no more than once.
Sequences can contain items of any type — such as numbers, strings or even other sequences.
Using this module is pretty straightforward — everything just works. Here are some usage examples:
Creating sequences
>>> from infseq import InfSequence
>>> InfSequence(5)
<InfSequence: 5 5 5 5 5 5 ...>
>>> InfSequence(5, 6, ...)
<InfSequence: 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...>
>>> InfSequence.geometric_progression(3)
<InfSequence: 1 3 9 27 81 243 ...>
>>> InfSequence.cycle('a', 'b', 'c')
<InfSequence: 'a' 'b' 'c' 'a' 'b' 'c' ...>
>>> InfSequence.fibonacci()
<InfSequence: 0 1 1 2 3 5 ...>
Retrieving the values
>>> a = InfSequence.geometric_progression(2)
>>> a
<InfSequence: 1 2 4 8 16 32 ...>
>>> a[10]
1024
>>> a.partial_sum(10) # a[0] + ... + a[9]
1023
>>> a.partial_sum(4, 10) # sum(a[i] for i in range(4, 10))
1008
>>> a.partial_product(5) # a[0] * ... * a[4]
1024
Slicing and prepending elements
>>> a[5:]
<InfSequence: 32 64 128 256 512 1024 ...>
>>> a[::2]
<InfSequence: 1 4 16 64 256 1024 ...>
>>> list(a[5:10]) # a[5:10] returns a map object, because of laziness
[32, 64, 128, 256, 512]
>>> (5, 7) + a
<InfSequence: 5 7 1 2 4 8 ...>
Arithmetic operations
>>> b = InfSequence(1, 2, ...)
>>> b
<InfSequence: 1 2 3 4 5 6 ...>
>>> b * 2
<InfSequence: 2 4 6 8 10 12 ...>
>>> b ** 2
<InfSequence: 1 4 9 16 25 36 ...>
>>> a + b
<InfSequence: 2 4 7 12 21 38 ...>
>>> b.accumulate() # a[0], a[0] + a[1], a[0] + a[1] + a[2], ...
<InfSequence: 1 3 6 10 15 21 ...>
Applying any functions
>>> c = InfSequence.geometric_progression(9)
>>> c
<InfSequence: 1 9 81 729 6561 59049 ...>
>>> import math
>>> c.apply_function(math.sqrt)
<InfSequence: 1.0 3.0 9.0 27.0 81.0 243.0 ...>
Using the matrix multiplication operator
If you are using Python 3.5+, you can use the new “matrix multiplication” operator that was introduced in that version.
The expression a @ b will produce the following result:
result[0] = a[0] * b[0] result[1] = a[0] * b[1] + a[1] * b[0] result[2] = a[0] * b[2] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[0] ...
Example:
>>> InfSequence(0, 2, ...) @ InfSequence(1)
<InfSequence: 1 4 9 16 25 36 ...>
Installing the module and running the tests
The module is available on PyPI. To install the module, simply use:
pip3 install infseq
The source code is hosted on GitHub.
To run the doctests in this module, use:
python3 -m doctest ./README.rst
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