File-based logging library
Project description
Preamble
Let’s do this ! First, as expected:
>>> import logfile
The logfile module outputs the log messages to sys.stderr by default; for testing purposes, we redirect the logs to sys.stdout.
>>> import sys >>> logfile.config.output = sys.stdout
Logfile
Logfiles are named files that also behave like integers:
>>> import logfile >>> warning = logfile.warning >>> hasattr(warning, "write") True >>> warning.name == str(warning) == "warning" True >>> >>> int(warning) 0
Five standard logfiles are defined:
>>> names = "critical error warning info debug".split() >>> logfiles = [getattr(logfile, name) for name in names] >>> for lf in logfiles: ... format = "{0:>8}: {1:>2}".format ... print format(str(lf), int(lf)) critical: -2 error: -1 warning: 0 info: 1 debug: 2
The logfile integer value measure the importance of the channel ; the lower the number, the more important the messages sent to the logfile. Concretely, a message will effectively be logged only if it targets a logfile whose integer value is less or equal to the current verbosity (config.level) ; the other messages are filtered out.
The default logfile verbosity is set to warning (or 0), so only message that target the critical, error and warning logfiles will logged.
Let’s check that in the default setting, information messages get lost:
>>> info = logfile.info >>> logfile.config.level < info True >>> print >> info, "testing info logfile ..."
As expected, nothing gets printed. But if we set the logfile level to info (or higher), information messages don’t get lost anymore:
>>> logfile.config.level = info >>> print >> info, "testing info logfile again" testing info logfile again
Writing into LogFiles
Messages can be send to logfiles in two ways: either using the file interface, as in:
>>> print >> warning, "I felt a disturbance in the Force." I felt a disturbance in the Force.
or using the callable interface:
>>> logfile.warning("I felt a disturbance in the Force.") I felt a disturbance in the Force.
The former call is handy to quicky enable logfile support in a code full of print statements, but we advise you to adopt the second style to benefit from all features of logfile.
Message Variables
The message send to logfiles often depends on the value of local variables. To simplify the definition of messages, we may refer to local variables in messages with the same curly brace syntax use by the [string.format method]. The value of the variable will be automatically substituted into the message. For example:
>>> jedi = "Luke" >>> logfile.info("Use the Force, {jedi}.") Use the Force, Luke.
[string.format method]: http://docs.python.org/library/string.html#formatstrings
Standard LogFile Hooks
LogFile hooks are an easy way to automatically trigger an action when a message is sent to a logfile. Only the error and critical logfiles use hooks.
A message send to error triggers an exception (so that you don’t have to):
>>> try: ... logfile.error("I felt a great disturbance in the Force.\n") ... except Exception as e: ... print repr(e) I felt a great disturbance in the Force. Exception('I felt a great disturbance in the Force.',)
The type of the exception defaults to Exception ; it may be controlled by the keyword argument type:
>>> class ForceFluctuation(Exception): ... pass >>> try: ... message = "I felt a great disturbance in the Force.\n" ... logfile.error(message, type=ForceFluctuation) ... except Exception as e: ... print repr(e) I felt a great disturbance in the Force. ForceFluctuation('I felt a great disturbance in the Force.',)
A message send to error triggers a call to sys.exit:
>>> try: ... logfile.critical("This is the end for you ... my former master.\n") ... except SystemExit as e: ... print repr(e) This is the end for you ... my former master. SystemExit('This is the end for you ... my former master.',)
Custom Output Format
>>> from datetime import datetime as _datetime >>> class mock_datetime(object): ... @staticmethod ... def now(): ... return _datetime(2014, 1, 1, 12, 00, 00) >>> logfile.datetime.datetime = mock_datetime>>> def format(**kwargs): ... kwargs["date"] = kwargs["date"].strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S") ... kwargs["logfile"] = str(kwargs["logfile"]).upper() ... return "{date} | {logfile} from {tag} | {message}".format(**kwargs)>>> logfile.config.format = format>>> def Yoda(): ... info("Do. Or do not. There is no try.") >>> Yoda() 2014/01/01 12:00:00 | INFO from Yoda | Do. Or do not. There is no try.
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