Computer Algebra System for working with math expressions
Project description
mathy_core: parse and manipulate math expressions
Mathy core is a python package (with type annotations) for working with math problems. It has a tokenizer for converting plain text into tokens, a parser for converting tokens into expression trees, a rule-based system for manipulating the trees, a layout system for visualizing trees, and a set of problem generation functions that can be used to generate datasets for ML training.
🚀 Quickstart
You can install mathy_core
from pip:
pip install mathy_core
Examples
Consider a few examples to get a feel for what Mathy core does.
Evaluate an expression
Arithmetic is a snap.
from mathy_core import ExpressionParser
expression = ExpressionParser().parse("4 + 2")
assert expression.evaluate() == 6
Evaluate with variables
Variable values can be specified when evaluating an expression.
from mathy_core import ExpressionParser, MathExpression
expression: MathExpression = ExpressionParser().parse("4x + 2y")
assert expression.evaluate({"x": 2, "y": 5}) == 18
Transform an expression
Expressions can be changed using rules based on the properties of numbers.
from mathy_core import ExpressionParser
from mathy_core.rules import DistributiveFactorOutRule
input = "4x + 2x"
output = "(4 + 2) * x"
parser = ExpressionParser()
input_exp = parser.parse(input)
output_exp = parser.parse(output)
# Verify that the rule transforms the tree as expected
change = DistributiveFactorOutRule().apply_to(input_exp)
assert str(change.result) == output
# Verify that both trees evaluate to the same value
ctx = {"x": 3}
assert input_exp.evaluate(ctx) == output_exp.evaluate(ctx)
Semantic Versioning
Before Mathy Core reaches v1.0 the project is not guaranteed to have a consistent API, which means that types and classes may move around or be removed. That said, we try to be predictable when it comes to breaking changes, so the project uses semantic versioning to help users avoid breakage.
Specifically, new releases increase the patch
semver component for new features and fixes, and the minor
component when there are breaking changes. If you don't know much about semver strings, they're usually formatted {major}.{minor}.{patch}
so increasing the patch
component means incrementing the last number.
Consider a few examples:
From Version | To Version | Changes are Breaking |
---|---|---|
0.2.0 | 0.2.1 | No |
0.3.2 | 0.3.6 | No |
0.3.1 | 0.3.17 | No |
0.2.2 | 0.3.0 | Yes |
If you are concerned about breaking changes, you can pin the version in your requirements so that it does not go beyond the current semver minor
component, for example if the current version was 0.1.37
:
mathy_core>=0.1.37,<0.2.0
🎛 API
Tokenizer class
Tokenizer(self, exclude_padding: bool = True)
The Tokenizer produces a list of tokens from an input string.
eat_token method
Tokenizer.eat_token(
self,
context: mathy_core.tokenizer.TokenContext,
typeFn: Callable[[str], bool],
) -> str
Eat all of the tokens of a given type from the front of the stream until a different type is hit, and return the text.
identify_alphas method
Tokenizer.identify_alphas(
self,
context: mathy_core.tokenizer.TokenContext,
) -> int
Identify and tokenize functions and variables.
identify_constants method
Tokenizer.identify_constants(
self,
context: mathy_core.tokenizer.TokenContext,
) -> int
Identify and tokenize a constant number.
identify_operators method
Tokenizer.identify_operators(
self,
context: mathy_core.tokenizer.TokenContext,
) -> bool
Identify and tokenize operators.
is_alpha method
Tokenizer.is_alpha(self, c: str) -> bool
Is this character a letter
is_number method
Tokenizer.is_number(self, c: str) -> bool
Is this character a number
tokenize method
Tokenizer.tokenize(self, buffer: str) -> List[mathy_core.tokenizer.Token]
Return an array of Token
s from a given string input.
This throws an exception if an unknown token type is found in the input.
mathy_core.parser
ExpressionParser class
ExpressionParser(self) -> None
Parser for converting text into binary trees. Trees encode the order of operations for an input, and allow evaluating it to detemrine the expression value.
Grammar Rules
Symbols:
( ) == Non-terminal
{ }* == 0 or more occurrences
{ }+ == 1 or more occurrences
{ }? == 0 or 1 occurrences
[ ] == Mandatory (1 must occur)
| == logical OR
" " == Terminal symbol (literal)
Non-terminals defined/parsed by Tokenizer:
(Constant) = anything that can be parsed by `float(in)`
(Variable) = any string containing only letters (a-z and A-Z)
Rules:
(Function) = [ functionName ] "(" (AddExp) ")"
(Factor) = { (Variable) | (Function) | "(" (AddExp) ")" }+ { { "^" }? (UnaryExp) }?
(FactorPrefix) = [ (Constant) { (Factor) }? | (Factor) ]
(UnaryExp) = { "-" }? (FactorPrefix)
(ExpExp) = (UnaryExp) { { "^" }? (UnaryExp) }?
(MultExp) = (ExpExp) { { "*" | "/" }? (ExpExp) }*
(AddExp) = (MultExp) { { "+" | "-" }? (MultExp) }*
(EqualExp) = (AddExp) { { "=" }? (AddExp) }*
(start) = (EqualExp)
check method
ExpressionParser.check(
self,
tokens: mathy_core.parser.TokenSet,
do_assert: bool = False,
) -> bool
Check if the self.current_token
is a member of a set Token types
Args: - tokens
The set of Token types to check against
Returns
True if the current_token
's type is in the set else False
eat method
ExpressionParser.eat(self, type: int) -> bool
Assign the next token in the queue to current_token if its type matches that of the specified parameter. If the type does not match, raise a syntax exception.
Args: - type
The type that your syntax expects @current_token to be
next method
ExpressionParser.next(self) -> bool
Assign the next token in the queue to self.current_token
.
Return True if there are still more tokens in the queue, or False if there are no more tokens to look at.
parse method
ExpressionParser.parse(
self,
input_text: str,
) -> mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression
Parse a string representation of an expression into a tree that can be later evaluated.
Returns : The evaluatable expression tree.
TokenSet class
TokenSet(self, source: int)
TokenSet objects are bitmask combinations for checking to see if a token is part of a valid set.
add method
TokenSet.add(self, addTokens: int) -> 'TokenSet'
Add tokens to self set and return a TokenSet representing
their combination of flags. Value can be an integer or an instance
of TokenSet
contains method
TokenSet.contains(self, type: int) -> bool
Returns true if the given type is part of this set
mathy_core.tree
BinaryTreeNode class
BinaryTreeNode(
self,
left: Optional[BinaryTreeNode] = None,
right: Optional[BinaryTreeNode] = None,
parent: Optional[BinaryTreeNode] = None,
id: Optional[str] = None,
)
The binary tree node is the base node for all of our trees, and provides a rich set of methods for constructing, inspecting, and modifying them. The node itself defines the structure of the binary tree, having left and right children, and a parent.
clone method
BinaryTreeNode.clone(self: ~NodeType) -> ~NodeType
Create a clone of this tree
get_children method
BinaryTreeNode.get_children(self: ~NodeType) -> List[~NodeType]
Get children as an array. If there are two children, the first object will always represent the left child, and the second will represent the right.
get_root method
BinaryTreeNode.get_root(self: ~NodeType) -> ~NodeType
Return the root element of this tree
get_root_side method
BinaryTreeNode.get_root_side(
self: 'BinaryTreeNode',
) -> typing_extensions.Literal['left', 'right']
Return the side of the tree that this node lives on
get_sibling method
BinaryTreeNode.get_sibling(self: ~NodeType) -> Optional[~NodeType]
Get the sibling node of this node. If there is no parent, or the node has no sibling, the return value will be None.
get_side method
BinaryTreeNode.get_side(
self,
child: Optional[BinaryTreeNode],
) -> typing_extensions.Literal['left', 'right']
Determine whether the given child
is the left or right child of this
node
is_leaf method
BinaryTreeNode.is_leaf(self) -> bool
Is this node a leaf? A node is a leaf if it has no children.
rotate method
BinaryTreeNode.rotate(self: ~NodeType) -> ~NodeType
Rotate a node, changing the structure of the tree, without modifying the order of the nodes in the tree.
set_left method
BinaryTreeNode.set_left(
self: ~NodeType,
child: Optional[BinaryTreeNode] = None,
clear_old_child_parent: bool = False,
) -> ~NodeType
Set the left node to the passed child
set_right method
BinaryTreeNode.set_right(
self: ~NodeType,
child: Optional[BinaryTreeNode] = None,
clear_old_child_parent: bool = False,
) -> ~NodeType
Set the right node to the passed child
set_side method
BinaryTreeNode.set_side(
self,
child: ~NodeType,
side: typing_extensions.Literal['left', 'right'],
) -> ~NodeType
Set a new child
on the given side
visit_inorder method
BinaryTreeNode.visit_inorder(
self,
visit_fn: Callable[[Any, int, Optional[Any]], Optional[typing_extensions.Literal['stop']]],
depth: int = 0,
data: Optional[Any] = None,
) -> Optional[typing_extensions.Literal['stop']]
Visit the tree inorder, which visits the left child, then the current node, and then its right child.
Left -> Visit -> Right
This method accepts a function that will be invoked for each node in the tree. The callback function is passed three arguments: the node being visited, the current depth in the tree, and a user specified data parameter.
!!! info
Traversals may be canceled by returning `STOP` from any visit function.
visit_postorder method
BinaryTreeNode.visit_postorder(
self,
visit_fn: Callable[[Any, int, Optional[Any]], Optional[typing_extensions.Literal['stop']]],
depth: int = 0,
data: Optional[Any] = None,
) -> Optional[typing_extensions.Literal['stop']]
Visit the tree postorder, which visits its left child, then its right child, and finally the current node.
Left -> Right -> Visit
This method accepts a function that will be invoked for each node in the tree. The callback function is passed three arguments: the node being visited, the current depth in the tree, and a user specified data parameter.
!!! info
Traversals may be canceled by returning `STOP` from any visit function.
visit_preorder method
BinaryTreeNode.visit_preorder(
self,
visit_fn: Callable[[Any, int, Optional[Any]], Optional[typing_extensions.Literal['stop']]],
depth: int = 0,
data: Optional[Any] = None,
) -> Optional[typing_extensions.Literal['stop']]
Visit the tree preorder, which visits the current node, then its left child, and then its right child.
Visit -> Left -> Right
This method accepts a function that will be invoked for each node in the tree. The callback function is passed three arguments: the node being visited, the current depth in the tree, and a user specified data parameter.
!!! info
Traversals may be canceled by returning `STOP` from any visit function.
NodeType
Template type that inherits from BinaryTreeNode.
VisitDataType
Template type of user data passed to visit functions.
mathy_core.expressions
AbsExpression class
AbsExpression(
self,
child: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
child_on_left: bool = False,
)
Evaluates the absolute value of an expression.
AddExpression class
AddExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
Add one and two
BinaryExpression class
BinaryExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
An expression that operates on two sub-expressions
get_priority method
BinaryExpression.get_priority(self) -> int
Return a number representing the order of operations priority
of this node. This can be used to check if a node is locked
with respect to another node, i.e. the other node must be resolved
first during evaluation because of it's priority.
to_math_ml_fragment method
BinaryExpression.to_math_ml_fragment(self) -> str
Render this node as a MathML element fragment
ConstantExpression class
ConstantExpression(self, value: Optional[int, float] = None)
A Constant value node, where the value is accessible as node.value
DivideExpression class
DivideExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
Divide one by two
EqualExpression class
EqualExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
Evaluate equality of two expressions
operate method
EqualExpression.operate(
self,
one: Union[float, int],
two: Union[float, int],
) -> Union[float, int]
Return the value of the equation if one == two.
Raise ValueError if both sides of the equation don't agree.
FactorialExpression class
FactorialExpression(
self,
child: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
child_on_left: bool = False,
)
Factorial of a constant, e.g. 5
evaluates to 120
FunctionExpression class
FunctionExpression(
self,
child: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
child_on_left: bool = False,
)
A Specialized UnaryExpression that is used for functions. The function name in text (used by the parser and tokenizer) is derived from the name() method on the class.
MathExpression class
MathExpression(
self,
id: Optional[str] = None,
left: Optional[MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[MathExpression] = None,
parent: Optional[MathExpression] = None,
)
Math tree node with helpers for manipulating expressions.
mathy:x+y=z
add_class method
MathExpression.add_class(
self,
classes: Union[List[str], str],
) -> 'MathExpression'
Associate a class name with an expression. This class name will be attached to nodes when the expression is converted to a capable output format.
See MathExpression.to_math_ml_fragment
all_changed method
MathExpression.all_changed(self) -> None
Mark this node and all of its children as changed
clear_classes method
MathExpression.clear_classes(self) -> None
Clear all the classes currently set on the nodes in this expression.
clone method
MathExpression.clone(self) -> 'MathExpression'
A specialization of the clone method that can track and report a cloned subtree node.
See MathExpression.clone_from_root
for more details.
clone_from_root method
MathExpression.clone_from_root(
self,
node: Optional[MathExpression] = None,
) -> 'MathExpression'
Clone this node including the entire parent hierarchy that it has. This is useful when you want to clone a subtree and still maintain the overall hierarchy.
Arguments
- node (MathExpression): The node to clone.
Returns
(MathExpression)
: The cloned node.
color
Color to use for this node when rendering it as changed with
.terminal_text
evaluate method
MathExpression.evaluate(
self,
context: Union[Dict[str, Optional[float, int]]] = None,
) -> Union[float, int]
Evaluate the expression, resolving all variables to constant values
find_id method
MathExpression.find_id(
self,
id: str,
) -> Optional[MathExpression]
Find an expression by its unique ID.
Returns: The found MathExpression
or None
find_type method
MathExpression.find_type(self, instanceType: Type[~NodeType]) -> List[~NodeType]
Find an expression in this tree by type.
- instanceType: The type to check for instances of
Returns the found MathExpression
objects of the given type.
make_ml_tag method
MathExpression.make_ml_tag(
self,
tag: str,
content: str,
classes: List[str] = [],
) -> str
Make a MathML tag for the given content while respecting the node's given classes.
Arguments
- tag (str): The ML tag name to create.
- content (str): The ML content to place inside of the tag. classes (List[str]) An array of classes to attach to this tag.
Returns
(str)
: A MathML element with the given tag, content, and classes
path_to_root method
MathExpression.path_to_root(self) -> str
Generate a namespaced path key to from the current node to the root. This key can be used to identify a node inside of a tree.
raw
raw text representation of the expression.
set_changed method
MathExpression.set_changed(self) -> None
Mark this node as having been changed by the application of a Rule
terminal_text
Text output of this node that includes terminal color codes that highlight which nodes have been changed in this tree as a result of a transformation.
to_list method
MathExpression.to_list(
self,
visit: str = 'preorder',
) -> List[MathExpression]
Convert this node hierarchy into a list.
to_math_ml method
MathExpression.to_math_ml(self) -> str
Convert this expression into a MathML container.
to_math_ml_fragment method
MathExpression.to_math_ml_fragment(self) -> str
Convert this single node into MathML.
with_color method
MathExpression.with_color(self, text: str, style: str = 'bright') -> str
Render a string that is colored if something has changed
MultiplyExpression class
MultiplyExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
Multiply one and two
NegateExpression class
NegateExpression(
self,
child: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
child_on_left: bool = False,
)
Negate an expression, e.g. 4
becomes -4
to_math_ml_fragment method
NegateExpression.to_math_ml_fragment(self) -> str
Convert this single node into MathML.
PowerExpression class
PowerExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
Raise one to the power of two
SgnExpression class
SgnExpression(
self,
child: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
child_on_left: bool = False,
)
operate method
SgnExpression.operate(self, value: Union[float, int]) -> Union[float, int]
Determine the sign of an value.
Returns
(int)
: -1 if negative, 1 if positive, 0 if 0
SubtractExpression class
SubtractExpression(
self,
left: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
right: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
)
Subtract one from two
UnaryExpression class
UnaryExpression(
self,
child: Optional[mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression] = None,
child_on_left: bool = False,
)
An expression that operates on one sub-expression
mathy_core.rules.associative_swap
AssociativeSwapRule class
AssociativeSwapRule(self, args, kwargs)
Associative Property
Addition: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
(y) + + (x)
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
(x) + c -> a + (y)
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
a b b c
Multiplication: (ab)c = a(bc)
(x) * * (y)
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
(y) * c <- a * (x)
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
a b b c
mathy_core.rules.balanced_move
BalancedMoveRule class
BalancedMoveRule(self, args, kwargs)
Balanced rewrite rule moves nodes from one side of an equation to the other by performing the same operation on both sides.
Addition: a + 2 = 3
-> a + 2 = 3 - 2
Multiplication: 3a = 3
-> 3a / 3 = 3 / 3
get_type method
BalancedMoveRule.get_type(
self,
node: mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression,
) -> Optional[str]
Determine the configuration of the tree for this transformation.
Supports the following configurations:
- Addition is a term connected by an addition to the side of an equation or inequality. It generates two subtractions to move from one side to the other.
- Multiply is a coefficient of a term that must be divided on both sides of the equation or inequality.
mathy_core.rules.commutative_swap
CommutativeSwapRule class
CommutativeSwapRule(self, preferred: bool = True)
Commutative Property
For Addition: a + b = b + a
+ +
/ \ / \
/ \ -> / \
/ \ / \
a b b a
For Multiplication: a * b = b * a
* *
/ \ / \
/ \ -> / \
/ \ / \
a b b a
mathy_core.rules.constants_simplify
ConstantsSimplifyRule class
ConstantsSimplifyRule(self, args, kwargs)
Given a binary operation on two constants, simplify to the resulting constant expression
get_type method
ConstantsSimplifyRule.get_type(
self,
node: mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression,
) -> Optional[Tuple[str, mathy_core.expressions.ConstantExpression, mathy_core.expressions.ConstantExpression]]
Determine the configuration of the tree for this transformation.
Support the three types of tree configurations:
- Simple is where the node's left and right children are exactly constants linked by an add operation.
- Chained Right is where the node's left child is a constant, but the right child is another binary operation of the same type. In this case the left child of the next binary node is the target.
Structure:
- Simple
- node(add),node.left(const),node.right(const)
- Chained Right
- node(add),node.left(const),node.right(add),node.right.left(const)
- Chained Right Deep
- node(add),node.left(const),node.right(add),node.right.left(const)
mathy_core.rules.distributive_factor_out
DistributiveFactorOutRule class
DistributiveFactorOutRule(self, constants: bool = False)
Distributive Property
ab + ac = a(b + c)
The distributive property can be used to expand out expressions to allow for simplification, as well as to factor out common properties of terms.
Factor out a common term
This handles the ab + ac
conversion of the distributive property, which
factors out a common term from the given two addition operands.
+ *
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ -> / \
* * a +
/ \ / \ / \
a b a c b c
get_type method
DistributiveFactorOutRule.get_type(
self,
node: mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression,
) -> Optional[Tuple[str, mathy_core.util.TermEx, mathy_core.util.TermEx]]
Determine the configuration of the tree for this transformation.
Support the three types of tree configurations:
- Simple is where the node's left and right children are exactly terms linked by an add operation.
- Chained Left is where the node's left child is a term, but the right child is another add operation. In this case the left child of the next add node is the target.
- Chained Right is where the node's right child is a term, but the left child is another add operation. In this case the right child of the child add node is the target.
Structure:
- Simple
- node(add),node.left(term),node.right(term)
- Chained Left
- node(add),node.left(term),node.right(add),node.right.left(term)
- Chained Right
- node(add),node.right(term),node.left(add),node.left.right(term)
mathy_core.rules.distributive_multiply_across
DistributiveMultiplyRule class
DistributiveMultiplyRule(self, args, kwargs)
Distributive Property
a(b + c) = ab + ac
The distributive property can be used to expand out expressions to allow for simplification, as well as to factor out common properties of terms.
Distribute across a group
This handles the a(b + c)
conversion of the distributive property, which
distributes a
across both b
and c
.
note: this is useful because it takes a complex Multiply expression and replaces it with two simpler ones. This can expose terms that can be combined for further expression simplification.
+
* / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
a + -> * *
/ \ / \ / \
/ \ / \ / \
b c a b a c
mathy_core.rules.variable_multiply
VariableMultiplyRule class
VariableMultiplyRule(self, args, kwargs)
This restates x^b * x^d
as x^(b + d)
which has the effect of isolating
the exponents attached to the variables, so they can be combined.
1. When there are two terms with the same base being multiplied together, their
exponents are added together. "x * x^3" = "x^4" because "x = x^1" so
"x^1 * x^3 = x^(1 + 3) = x^4"
TODO: 2. When there is a power raised to another power, they can be combined by
multiplying the exponents together. "x^(2^2) = x^4"
The rule identifies terms with explicit and implicit powers, so the following transformations are all valid:
Explicit powers: x^b * x^d = x^(b+d)
*
/ \
/ \ ^
/ \ = / \
^ ^ x +
/ \ / \ / \
x b x d b d
Implicit powers: x * x^d = x^(1 + d)
*
/ \
/ \ ^
/ \ = / \
x ^ x +
/ \ / \
x d 1 d
get_type method
VariableMultiplyRule.get_type(
self,
node: mathy_core.expressions.MathExpression,
) -> Optional[Tuple[str, mathy_core.util.TermEx, mathy_core.util.TermEx]]
Determine the configuration of the tree for this transformation.
Support two types of tree configurations:
- Simple is where the node's left and right children are exactly terms that can be multiplied together.
- Chained is where the node's left child is a term, but the right child is a continuation of a more complex term, as indicated by the presence of another Multiply node. In this case the left child of the next multiply node is the target.
Structure:
- Simple node(mult),node.left(term),node.right(term)
- Chained node(mult),node.left(term),node.right(mult),node.right.left(term)
mathy_core.layout
TreeLayout class
TreeLayout(self, args, kwargs)
Calculate a visual layout for input trees.
layout method
TreeLayout.layout(
self,
node: mathy_core.tree.BinaryTreeNode,
unit_x_multiplier: float = 1.0,
unit_y_multiplier: float = 1.0,
) -> 'TreeMeasurement'
Assign x/y values to all nodes in the tree, and return an object containing the measurements of the tree.
Returns a TreeMeasurement object that describes the bounds of the tree
transform method
TreeLayout.transform(
self,
node: mathy_core.tree.BinaryTreeNode = None,
x: float = 0,
unit_x_multiplier: float = 1,
unit_y_multiplier: float = 1,
measure: Optional[TreeMeasurement] = None,
) -> 'TreeMeasurement'
Transform relative to absolute coordinates, and measure the bounds of the tree.
Return a measurement of the tree in output units.
TreeMeasurement class
TreeMeasurement(self) -> None
Summary of the rendered tree
mathy_core.problems
Problem Generation
Utility functions for helping generate input problems.
DefaultType
Template type for a default return value
gen_binomial_times_binomial function
gen_binomial_times_binomial(
op: str = '+',
min_vars: int = 1,
max_vars: int = 2,
simple_variables: bool = True,
powers_probability: float = 0.33,
like_variables_probability: float = 1.0,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
Generate a binomial multiplied by another binomial.
Example
(2e + 12p)(16 + 7e)
mathy:(2e + 12p)(16 + 7e)
gen_binomial_times_monomial function
gen_binomial_times_monomial(
op: str = '+',
min_vars: int = 1,
max_vars: int = 2,
simple_variables: bool = True,
powers_probability: float = 0.33,
like_variables_probability: float = 1.0,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
Generate a binomial multiplied by a monomial.
Example
(4x^3 + y) * 2x
mathy:(4x^3 + y) * 2x
gen_combine_terms_in_place function
gen_combine_terms_in_place(
min_terms: int = 16,
max_terms: int = 26,
easy: bool = True,
powers: bool = False,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
Generate a problem that puts one pair of like terms next to each other somewhere inside a large tree of unlike terms.
The problem is intended to be solved in a very small number of moves, making training across many episodes relatively quick, and reducing the combinatorial explosion of branches that need to be searched to solve the task.
The hope is that by focusing the agent on selecting the right moves inside of a ridiculously large expression it will learn to select actions to combine like terms invariant of the sequence length.
Example
4y + 12j + 73q + 19k + 13z + 56l + (24x + 12x) + 43n + 17j
mathy:4y + 12j + 73q + 19k + 13z + 56l + (24x + 12x) + 43n + 17j
gen_commute_haystack function
gen_commute_haystack(
min_terms: int = 5,
max_terms: int = 8,
commute_blockers: int = 1,
easy: bool = True,
powers: bool = False,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
A problem with a bunch of terms that have no matches, and a single set of two terms that do match, but are separated by one other term. The challenge is to commute the terms to each other in one move.
Example
4y + 12j + 73q + 19k + 13z + 24x + 56l + 12x + 43n + 17j"
^-----------^
mathy:4y + 12j + 73q + 19k + 13z + 24x + 56l + 12x + 43n + 17j
gen_move_around_blockers_one function
gen_move_around_blockers_one(
number_blockers: int,
powers_probability: float = 0.5,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
Two like terms separated by (n) blocker terms.
Example
4x + (y + f) + x
mathy:4x + (y + f) + x
gen_move_around_blockers_two function
gen_move_around_blockers_two(
number_blockers: int,
powers_probability: float = 0.5,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
Two like terms with three blockers.
Example
7a + 4x + (2f + j) + x + 3d
mathy:7a + 4x + (2f + j) + x + 3d
gen_simplify_multiple_terms function
gen_simplify_multiple_terms(
num_terms: int,
optional_var: bool = False,
op: Union[List[str], str] = None,
common_variables: bool = True,
inner_terms_scaling: float = 0.3,
powers_probability: float = 0.33,
optional_var_probability: float = 0.8,
noise_probability: float = 0.8,
shuffle_probability: float = 0.66,
share_var_probability: float = 0.5,
grouping_noise_probability: float = 0.66,
noise_terms: int = None,
) -> Tuple[str, int]
Generate a polynomial problem with like terms that need to be combined and simplified.
Example
2a + 3j - 7b + 17.2a + j
mathy:2a + 3j - 7b + 17.2a + j
get_blocker function
get_blocker(
num_blockers: int = 1,
exclude_vars: Optional[List[str]] = None,
) -> str
Get a string of terms to place between target simplification terms in order to challenge the agent's ability to use commutative/associative rules to move terms around.
get_rand_vars function
get_rand_vars(
num_vars: int,
exclude_vars: Optional[List[str]] = None,
common_variables: bool = False,
) -> List[str]
Get a list of random variables, excluding the given list of hold-out variables
split_in_two_random function
split_in_two_random(value: int) -> Tuple[int, int]
Split a given number into two smaller numbers that sum to it. Returns: a tuple of (lower, higher) numbers that sum to the input
use_pretty_numbers function
use_pretty_numbers(enabled: bool = True) -> None
Determine if problems should include only pretty numbers or
a whole range of integers and floats. Using pretty numbers will
restrict the numbers that are generated to integers between 1 and 12. When not using pretty numbers, floats and large integers will
be included in the output from rand_number
Contributors
Mathy Core wouldn't be possible without the wonderful contributions of the following people:
Justin DuJardin |
This project follows the all-contributors specification. Contributions of any kind welcome!
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