mc2skos 0.4.0

Convert Marc21 Classification records in MARC/XML to SKOS/RDF

Python script for converting MARC 21 Classification records (serialized as MARCXML) to SKOS concepts.

Developed to support the project “Felles terminologi for klassifikasjon med Dewey”, it has only been tested with Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) records. Issues and suggestions for generalizations and improvements are welcome!

Installation

Releases can be installed from the command line with pip:

$ pip install --upgrade mc2skos             # with virtualenv or as root
$ pip install --upgrade --user mc2skos      # install to ~/.local

• Works with both Python 2.x and 3.x. See Travis for details on tested Python versions.

• If lxml fails to install on Windows, try the windows installer from from PyPI.

• If lxml fails to install on Unix, install system packages python-dev and libxml2-dev

• Make sure the Python scripts folder has been added to your PATH.

To directly use a version from source code repository:

$ git clone https://github.com/scriptotek/mc2skos.git
$ cd mc2skos
$ pip install -e .

Usage

mc2skos infile.xml outfile.ttl

Run mc2skos --help or mc2skos -h for options.

URIs

For records with 084 $a == "ddc", URIs are generated on the form http://dewey.info/{collection}/{object}/e{edition}/, where {collection} is “class”, “table” or “scheme”, and {edition} is taken from 084 $c (with language code stripped).

<http://dewey.info/class/6--982/e21/> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:inScheme <http://dewey.info/scheme/edition/e21/>,
        <http://dewey.info/table/6/e21/> ;
    skos:notation "T6--982" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Chibchan and Paezan languages"@en .

To override this, you can specify --uri to set a URI template for classes and table record, --scheme to set a URI to be used with skos:inScheme for all records, and --table_scheme to set a URI template to be used with skos:inScheme for table records. Note that if --uri is specified, but not --scheme, no skos:inScheme will be added. Same goes with --table_scheme.

Mapping schema

Only a small part of the MARC21 Classification data model is converted, and the conversion follows a rather pragmatic approach, exemplified by the mapping of the 7XX fields to skos:altLabel.

MARC21XML	RDF
153 $a, $c, $z Classification number	skos:notation
153 $j Caption	skos:prefLabel
153 $e, $f, $z Classification number hierarchy	skos:broader
253 Complex See Reference	skos:editorialNote
353 Complex See Also Reference	skos:editorialNote
680 Scope Note	skos:scopeNote
683 Application Instruction Note	skos:editorialNote
685 History Note	skos:historyNote
694 ??? Note	skos:editorialNote
700 Index Term-Personal Name	skos:altLabel
710 Index Term-Corporate Name	skos:altLabel
711 Index Term-Meeting Name	skos:altLabel
730 Index Term-Uniform Title	skos:altLabel
748 Index Term-Chronological	skos:altLabel
750 Index Term-Topical	skos:altLabel
751 Index Term-Geographic Name	skos:altLabel
753 Index Term-Uncontrolled	skos:altLabel
765 Synthesized Number Components	mads:componentList (see below)

Synthesized number components

Components of synthesized numbers explicitly described in 765 fields are expressed using the mads:componentList property, and to preserve the order of the components, we use RDF lists. Example:

@prefix mads: <http://www.loc.gov/mads/rdf/v1#> .

<http://dewey.info/class/001.30973/e23/> a skos:Concept ;
    mads:componentList (
        <http://dewey.info/class/001.3/e23/>
        <http://dewey.info/class/1--09/e23/>
        <http://dewey.info/class/2--73/e23/>
    ) ;
    skos:notation "001.30973" .

Retrieving list members in order is surprisingly hard with SPARQL. Retrieving ordered pairs is the best solution I’ve come up with so far:

PREFIX mads: <http://www.loc.gov/mads/rdf/v1#>
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>

SELECT ?c1_notation ?c1_label ?c2_notation ?c2_label
WHERE { GRAPH <http://localhost/ddc23no> {

    <http://dewey.info/class/001.30973/e23/> mads:componentList ?l .
        ?l rdf:rest* ?sl .
        ?sl rdf:first ?e1 .
        ?sl rdf:rest ?sln .
        ?sln rdf:first ?e2 .

        ?e1 skos:notation ?c1_notation .
        ?e2 skos:notation ?c2_notation .

        OPTIONAL {
            ?e1 skos:prefLabel ?c1_label .
        }
        OPTIONAL {
            ?e2 skos:prefLabel ?c2_label .
        }
}}

c1_notation	c1_label	c2_notation	c2_label
“001.3”	“Humaniora”@nb	“T1–09”	“Historie, geografisk behandling, biografier”@nb
“T1–09”	“Historie, geografisk behandling, biografier”@nb	“T2–73”	“USA”@nb

Additional processing for data from WebDewey

The script is supposed to work with any MARC21 classification data, but also supports the non-standard ess codes supplied in WebDewey data to differentiate between different types of notes.

MARC21XML	RDF
680 having $9 ess=ndf Definition note	skos:definition
680 having $9 ess=nvn Variant name note	wd:variantName for each subfield $t
680 having $9 ess=nch Class here note	wd:classHere for each subfield $t
680 having $9 ess=nin Including note	wd:including for each subfield $t
680 having $9 ess=nph Former heading	wd:formerHeading for each subfield $t
685 having $9 ess=ndn Deprecation note	owl:deprecated true
694 having $9 ess=nml ???	SKOS.editorialNote

Notes that are currently not treated in any special way:

• 253 having $9 ess=nsx Do-not-use.

• 253 having $9 ess=nce Class-elsewhere

• 253 having $9 ess=ncw Class-elsewhere-manual

• 253 having $9 ess=nse See.

• 253 having $9 ess=nsw See-manual.

• 353 having $9 ess=nsa See-also

• 683 having $9 ess=nbu Preference note

• 683 having $9 ess=nop Options note

• 683 having $9 ess=non Options note

• 684 having $9 ess=nsm Manual note

• 685 having $9 ess=ndp Discontinued partial

• 685 having $9 ess=nrp Relocation

• 689 having $9 ess=nru Sist brukt i…