medimage 1.0.7

Represent medical images as numpy array. Supported: .mhd (R/W),.xdr (R/W), dicom (R). Pure Python.

medimage

This library supports r/w MetaImage (MHD,ITK), r/w AVSField (.xdr) and read Dicom images. XDR reading includes NKI compressed images (useful to work with your Elekta images). The image class is a thin wrapper around typed numpy array objects (the .imdata member) such that you can easily work with images in these data formats. Slicing, projections, mathematical operations, masking, stuff like that is very easy with numpy, so you can easily extend things to what you need.

Included are some basic mathematical operations, some masking functions and crop and resampling functions. Of particular interest perhaps are the DVH analysis function, and the distance to agreement calculation. This calculation is quite slow though. For NKI decompression I supply a 64bit Linux and Windows lib, if you need support for other platforms you can compile the function in medimage/nki_decomp yourself. This component is governed by its own license.

Dicom write is not supported right now. If it would, it would require SimpleITK, primarily because pydicom does not support dicom image write... SimpleITK write also only seems to produce usable dicoms files when updating an existing image, not when creating a new one from scratch.

Motivation

This project started out at a time when I was analyzing lots of Gate image outputs. ITK's Python bindings (SimpleITK) was not pippable or easily usable yet, and I found working with image data as numpy arrays far preferable and faster than using ITK as a library in custom C++ programs which I'd need to compile and recompile as an analysis developed. Matplotlib after all is Python-only.

I wanted to have a thin and pure Python wrapper around numpy that would allows me to read in and write out image data. Fortunately, the (uncompressed) MetaImage disk format was so straightforward even I could understand it, and it was even suprisingly performant. This image class grew to suit my needs as part of my phd_tools and later postdoc_tools repos, and in a new job I ported it to Python 3 and added filesupport for AVSFields and Dicom images. The idea is that you can take the medimage directory, drop it into any project, and be able to work with medical images as numpy arrays. It is now a core component to my analyses, and perhaps it can be useful to you too. A lot of machine learning tooling are heavy users of numpy, and therefore getting your images in is straightforward with this package.

Install

You can now use pip!

$ pip3 install medimage (--user)

Or clone/download this repo and install manually with:

$ python3 setup.py install (--user)

Currently, the pymedphys component is NOT installed automatically, which is required when you are going to use the compute_gamma method. That is because it is a rather large package, and in developmental flux.

Usage

After installation, you should be able to open and save an image like so:

from medimage import image
myfirstimage = image("somefile.xdr")
myfirstimage.saveas("somefile.mhd")

images are instatiated with a string representing a file location, where the file extension indicates filetype. If not known extension is found, it assumes you're providing a dicom image or a dicom directory (of images).

Alternatively, you can make a new zeroed out image of 30 by 40 by 50 voxels, spaced out 2mm in each dimension, centered at zero, like so:

from medimage import image
myblankimage = image(DimSize=[30,40,50],ElementSpacing=[2,2,2],Offset=[0,0,0])
myblackimage.saveas("empty.mhd")

Coordinates

I've taken great care to make sure this library can work with images of any dimensionality, and that your image as represented by the .imdata numpy array member, and any class methods, have straightforward indexing (e.g. [x,y,z,], not [z,y,x]). PRs that fix any bugs in this regard are very welcome.

Take a slice or line profile

You may want to look at or work with a slice. Let's say you have a 3D image at fname:

image = image.image(fname)
x,y,z=image.get_slices_at_index() #defaults to central voxel
import scipy.misc
scipy.misc.imsave("d:/slicex.png",x)

Need to look at a profile?

image.get_profiles_at_index([10,10,10]) #get the lines through voxel [10,10,10]

Don't care about indeces, but you know in physical dimensions where you want to slice? Say, through the point at 23.4mm,10mm,2.3mm?

image.get_pixel_index([23.4,10,2.3])

Cropping

Apart from regular old cropping, the .crop_as method let's you 'crop' an image to the same size and pixelspacing as another image, provided that the images have overlap. For instance, you may have a CT and a dose image, where the dose image has larger voxel and covers only a subregion of the CT. You can get your CT values for each dose voxel like so:

ct = image.image('ct.dcm')
dose = image.image('dose.dcm')
ct.crop_as(dose)
ct.saveas('ct_dosegrid.xdr')

DVH parameters within a subregion for which you have a mask

Say you have a dose calculation and you want to have some DVH metrics (say, Dmax,D2,D50,D98,Dmean). Suppose you want those DVH metrics in the PTV region, and you have a PTV as mask image. How could medimage do this for you?

from medimage import image
import argparse
from os import path

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Supply an image and a mask or percentage for isodose contour in which to compute the DVH.')
parser.add_argument('inputimage')
parser.add_argument('--maskimage',default=None)
parser.add_argument('--maskregion',default=None,type=float)
opt = parser.parse_args()

im = image.image(path.abspath(opt.inputimage))
maskim = None

if opt.maskregion == None and path.isfile(path.abspath(opt.maskimage)):
	print('Using',opt.maskimage,'as region for DVH analysis.')
	maskim = image.image(path.abspath(opt.maskimage))
elif opt.maskregion != None:
	assert 0 < opt.maskregion < 100
	print('Using isodose contour at',opt.maskregion,'percent of maximum dose as region for DVH analysis.')
	maskim = im.copy()
	maskim.tomask_atthreshold((opt.maskregion/100.)*maskim.max())
else:
	print('No mask or maskregion specified; using whole volume for DVH analysis.')

if maskim != None:
	im.applymask(maskim)

# note: array is sorted in reverse for DVHs, i.e. compute 100-n%
D2,D50,D98 = im.percentiles([98,50,2])

print("Dmax,D2,D50,D98,Dmean")
print(im.imdata.max(),D2,D50,D98,im.mean())

Dependencies

• numpy
• pydicom

Changelog

• 2020-02-13: v1.0.7: Bugfixes
• 2019-10-08: v1.0.6: Bugfix, dicom write still incomplete.
• 2019-10-08: v1.0.5: Dicom write
• 2019-09-24: v1.0.4: New and much faster gamma computation (order of 5 minutes)
• 2019-08-28: v1.0.3: Fixed a few sloppy bugs. Added CT rescaling when openingen Dicom image.
• 2019-08-28: v1.0.0: Separated image class into its own medimage module.