Content negotiation utilities for every web framework.
HTTP Media Type
Nego Provides abstracted HTTP media type.
Main Type & Sub Type
MediaType class parses raw media type string and split it into main/sub type.
>>> from nego import MediaType
>>> MediaType('text/html')
nego.MediaType('text/html')
>>> MediaType('text/html').main_type
'text'
>>> MediaType('text/html').sub_type
'html'
>>> MediaType('application', 'json')
nego.MediaType('application/json')
Parameters
MediaType class also parses parameters.
>>> MediaType('application/json; charset=utf-8')
nego.MediaType('application/json; charset=utf-8')
>>> MediaType('application/json; charset=utf-8').params
{'charset': 'utf-8'}
>>> MediaType('application', 'json', dict(charset='utf-8'))
nego.MediaType('application/json; charset=utf-8')
>>> MediaType('text/html; q=0.8').quality
0.8
Wildcard & Matching
You can use wildcard for media type.
>>> MediaType('text/html') in MediaType('text/*')
True
>>> MediaType('text/*') in MediaType('text/html')
False
>>> MediaType('text/html') in MediaType('text/html')
True
>>> MediaType('text/html') in MediaType('application/*')
False
>>> MediaType('text/*') in MediaType('*/*')
True
Content Negotiation
Nego provides content negotiation by function nego.media_type.choose_acceptable_media_type.
>>> from nego.media_type import choose_acceptable_media_type
>>> jpeg_type = MediaType('image/jpeg')
>>> png_type = MediaType('image/png')
>>> html_type = MediaType('text/html; q=0.9')
>>> json_type = MediaType('application/json; q=0.8')
>>> choose_acceptable_media_type(
... [png_type, jpeg_type],
... [MediaType('text/html'), MediaType('application/*'),
... MediaType('image/*')]
... )
nego.MediaType('image/png')
>>> choose_acceptable_media_type(
... [json_type, html_type],
... [MediaType('text/html'), MediaType('application/*')]
... )
nego.MediaType('text/html; q=0.9')
Renderer
Renderer renders a data into specific type of data. For example, you can make a renderer that renders a data into json like
import json
from nego import Renderer
class JSONRenderer(Renderer):
__media_types__ = ['application/json']
def render(self, data):
return json.dumps(data)
And also plain text renderer like
class TextRenderer(Renderer):
__media_types__ = ['text/plain']
def render(self, data):
return str(data)
Content Negotiation
Nego also provides content negotiation using renderer by function nego.renderer.best_renderer.
>>> json_renderer = JSONRenderer()
>>> text_renderer = TextRenderer())
>>> renderers = [json_renderer, text_renderer]
>>> accept = 'application/json;q=0.9, text/plain;q=0.7'
>>> acceptable_types = acceptable_media_types(accept)
>>> renderer, media_type = best_renderer(acceptable_types, renderers)
>>> renderer
json_renderer
>>> media_type
nego.MediaType('application/json')
>>> renderer.render(dict(foo='bar'))
'{"foo": "bar"}'
Using with Web Frameworks
Tornado
You can use Nego with tornado by making mixin.
class NegoMixin(object):
renderers = [JSONRenderer(), TextRenderer()]
def nego(self, obj):
accept = self.request.headers.get('Accept', '*/*')
acceptable_types = acceptable_media_types(accept)
renderer, media_type = best_renderer(acceptable_types, renderers)
body = renderer.render(obj)
self.set_header('Content-Type', str(media_type))
self.write(body)
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