objp 1.0.0

Python<-->Objective-C bridge with a code generation approach

ObjP’s goal is to create a two-way bridge between Python and Objective-C. Unlike PyObjC, which uses dynamic calls to methods on runtime, ObjP generates static code. It generates either Objective-C interfaces to Python code or Python modules to interface Objective-C code.

The library is exceedingly simple and it’s intended that way. Unlike PyObjC, there’s no way ObjP could possibly wrap the whole Cocoa framework, there’s way too many things to support. ObjP is made to allow you to bridge your own code.

Also note that ObjP works on Python 3.2 and up.

The best way to learn how to use ObjP is, I think, to look at an example. There are many of them in the ‘demos’ subfolder. These are built using waf (it’s already included in here, no need to install it). For example, if you want to build the simple demo, do:

$ cd demos/simple
$ ./waf configure build
$ cd build
$ ./HelloWorld

That programs calls a simple Python script from Objective-C, and that python script itself calls an Objective-C class.

Usage

There are two types of bridge: Objective-C class wrapping a Python class (o2p) and Python class wrapping an Objective-C class (p2o).

To generate an o2p wrapper, you need a target class. Moreover, for this class’ methods to be wrapped, you need to have its arguments and return value correctly annotated (You can browse the demos for good examples of how to do it). This is an example of a correctly annotated class:

class Foo:
    def hello_(self, name: str) -> str:
        return "Hello {}".format(name)

To wrap this class, you’ll use objp.o2p.generate_objc_code() in this fashion:

import foo
import objp.o2p
objp.o2p.generate_objc_code(foo.Foo, 'destfolder')

This will generate “Foo.h|m” as well as “ObjP.h|m” in “destfolder”. These source files directly use the Python API and have no other dependencies.

To generate a p2o wrapper, you either need an Objective-C header file containing an interface or protocol or a Python class describing that interface:

@interface Foo: NSObject {}
- (NSString *)hello:(NSString *)name;
@end

To generate a python wrapper from this, you can do:

import objp.p2o
objp.p2o.generate_python_proxy_code(['Foo.h'], 'destfolder/Foo.m')

This will generate the code for a Python extension module wrapping Foo. The name of the extension module is determined by the name of the destination source file. You can wrap more than one class in the same unit:

objp.p2o.generate_python_proxy_code(['Foo.h', 'Bar.h'], 'destfolder/mywrappers.m')

Method name conversion

ObjP follows PyObjC’s convention for converting method names. The “:” character being illegal in Python method names, they’re replaced by underscores. Thus, a method - (BOOL)foo:(NSInteger)arg1 bar:(NSString *)arg2; is converted to def foo_bar_(self, arg1: int, arg2: str) -> bool: and vice versa.

Note that if your method’s argument count doesn’t correspond to the number of underscores in your method name, objp will issue a warning and ignore the method.

Argument Types

Only a few argument types are supported by ObjP, the goal being to keep the project simple.

• int/NSInteger

• str/NSString*

• bool/BOOL

• list/NSArray*

• dict/NSDictionary*

ObjP also supports object which dynamically converts the argument depending on its type and returns an NSObject subclass (which means that int and bool` convert to ``NSNumber instead of converting to NSInteger and BOOL). This type of conversion is used to convert the contents of list and dict (it’s impossible to have an NSArray directly containing BOOL).

Another special argument type is pyref (which you must import from objp.util in your code) which simply passes the PyObject* instance around without converting it.

Utilities

objp.util contains the pyref argument type, but it also contains two useful method decorators: dontwrap and objcname. A method decorated with dontwrap will be ignored by the code generator, and a method decorated with @objcname('some:selector:') will use this name for generating objc code instead of the automatically generated name.

Changes

Version 1.0.0 – 2012/01/16

• Added support for protocols.

• Added support for __init__ method wrapping.

• Added bool and pyref argument types.

• Added support for creating a p2o instance that wraps a pre-existing objc instance.

• Added exception checking.

• Added GIL locking.

• Added inheritance support.

• Added multiple class wrapping in the same p2o module.

Version 0.1.1 – 2012/01/08

• Fixed setup which was broken.

• Fixed o2p which was broken.

Version 0.1.0 – 2012/01/05

• Initial Release