powerview 2024.6.9

Python based PowerView script

PowerView.py

Installation | Basic Usage | Modules | Logging

PowerView.py is an alternative for the awesome original PowerView.ps1 script. Most of the modules used in PowerView are available here ( some of the flags are changed ). Main goal is to achieve interactive session without having to repeatedly authenticate to ldap.

Installation

Since powerview.py now supports Channel Binding and Seal and Sign, gssapi is part of the dependencies which requires libkrb5-dev package from apt.

• Pypi

sudo apt install libkrb5-dev
pip3 install powerview --break-system-packages

• Pipx

sudo apt install libkrb5-dev
pipx install "git+https://github.com/aniqfakhrul/powerview.py"

• curl

curl -L powerview.sh | sh

• Manual

git clone https://github.com/aniqfakhrul/powerview.py
cd powerview.py
sudo apt install libkrb5-dev
./intall.sh

[!NOTE] In case the installation throws error regarding gssapi library. You might need to install libkrb5-dev (Debian/Ubuntu) or krb5-devel (CentOS) sudo apt install libkrb5-dev

Basic Usage

[!NOTE] Note that some of the kerberos functions are still not functioning well just yet but it'll still do most of the works. Detailed usage can be found in Wiki section

• Init connection

powerview range.net/lowpriv:Password123@192.168.86.192 [--dc-ip 192.168.86.192] [-k] [--use-ldap | --use-ldaps]

• Init connection with specific authentication. Note that --use-sign-and-seal and --use-channel-binding is only available if you install ldap3 library directly from this branch

powerview range.net/lowpriv:Password123@192.168.86.192 [--use-channel-binding | --use-sign-and-seal | --use-simple-auth]

• Init with schannel. --pfx flag accept pfx formatted certificate file.

[!NOTE]
powerview will try to load certificate without password on the first attempt. If it fails, it'll prompt for password. So, no password parameter needed

powerview 10.10.10.10 --pfx administrator.pfx

• Enable LDAP Filter Obfuscation.

powerview range.net/lowpriv:Password123@192.168.86.192 [--obfuscate]

• Query for specific user

Get-DomainUser Administrator
Get-DomainUser -Identity Administrator

• Specify search attributes

Get-DomainUser -Properties samaccountname,description

• Filter results

Get-DomainUser -Where 'samaccountname [contains][in][eq] admins'

• Count results

Get-DomainUser -Count

• Output result to file

Get-DomainUser -OutFile ~/domain_user.txt

• Format output in a table

Get-DomainUser -Properties samaccountname,memberof -TableView

• Set module

Set-DomainObject -Identity "adminuser" -Set 'servicePrincipalname=http/web.ws.local'
Set-DomainObject -Identity "adminuser" -Append 'servicePrincipalname=http/web.ws.local'
Set-DomainObject -Identity "adminuser" -Clear 'servicePrincipalname'

# Reading from local file
Set-DomainObject -Identity "adminuser" -Set 'servicePrincipalname=@/path/to/local/file'
Set-DomainObject -Identity "adminuser" -Append 'servicePrincipalname=@/path/to/local/file'

• Relay mode

powerview 10.10.10.10 --relay [--relay-host] [--relay-port] [--use-ldap | --use-ldaps]

[!NOTE]
This demonstration shows coerced authentication was made using printerbug.py. You may use other methods that coerce HTTP authentication.

Module available (so far?)

PV >
Add-ADComputer                 Get-Domain                     Get-NetComputer                Remove-DomainOU 
Add-ADUser                     Get-DomainCA                   Get-NetDomain                  Remove-DomainObject 
Add-CATemplate                 Get-DomainCATemplate           Get-NetDomainController        Remove-DomainObjectAcl 
Add-CATemplateAcl              Get-DomainComputer             Get-NetGPO                     Remove-DomainUser 
Add-DomainCATemplate           Get-DomainController           Get-NetGroup                   Remove-GPLink 
Add-DomainCATemplateAcl        Get-DomainDNSRecord            Get-NetGroupmember             Remove-GroupMember 
Add-DomainComputer             Get-DomainDNSZone              Get-NetLoggedOn                Remove-OU 
Add-DomainDNSRecord            Get-DomainForeignGroupMember   Get-NetOU                      Remove-ObjectAcl 
Add-DomainGPO                  Get-DomainForeignUser          Get-NetService                 Set-ADObject 
Add-DomainGroupMember          Get-DomainGMSA                 Get-NetSession                 Set-ADObjectDN 
Add-DomainOU                   Get-DomainGPO                  Get-NetShare                   Set-CATemplate 
Add-DomainObjectAcl            Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup        Get-NetTrust                   Set-DomainCATemplate 
Add-DomainUser                 Get-DomainGroup                Get-NetUser                    Set-DomainComputerPassword 
Add-GPLink                     Get-DomainGroupMember          Get-ObjectAcl                  Set-DomainDNSRecord 
Add-GPO                        Get-DomainOU                   Get-ObjectOwner                Set-DomainObject 
Add-GroupMember                Get-DomainObject               Get-RBCD                       Set-DomainObjectDN 
Add-OU                         Get-DomainObjectAcl            Get-RegLoggedOn                Set-DomainObjectOwner 
Add-ObjectAcl                  Get-DomainObjectOwner          Get-SCCM                       Set-DomainRBCD 
ConvertFrom-SID                Get-DomainRBCD                 Invoke-Kerberoast              Set-DomainUserPassword 
ConvertFrom-UACValue           Get-DomainSCCM                 Remove-ADComputer              Set-ObjectOwner 
Disable-DomainDNSRecord        Get-DomainTrust                Remove-ADObject                Set-RBCD 
Find-ForeignGroup              Get-DomainUser                 Remove-ADUser                  Unlock-ADAccount 
Find-ForeignUser               Get-Exchange                   Remove-CATemplate              clear 
Find-LocalAdminAccess          Get-ExchangeServer             Remove-DomainCATemplate        exit 
Get-ADObject                   Get-GMSA                       Remove-DomainComputer          
Get-CA                         Get-GPOLocalGroup              Remove-DomainDNSRecord         
Get-CATemplate                 Get-NamedPipes                 Remove-DomainGroupMember       

Domain/LDAP Functions

Module	Alias	Description
Get-DomainUser	Get-NetUser	Query for all users or specific user objects in AD
Get-DomainComputer	Get-NetComputer	Query for all computers or specific computer objects in AD
Get-DomainGroup	Get-NetGroup	Query for all groups or specific group objects in AD
Get-DomainGroupMember	Get-NetGroupMember	Query the members for specific domain group
Get-DomainOU	Get-NetOU	Query for all OUs or specific OU objects in AD
Get-Domain	Get-NetDomain	Query for domain information
Get-DomainController	Get-NetDomainController	Query for available domain controllers
Get-DomainDNSRecord		Query for available records. It will recurse all DNS zones if doesn't specify -ZoneName
Get-DomainDNSZone		Query for available DNS zones in the domain
Get-DomainObject	Get-ADObject	Query for all or specified domain objects in AD
Get-DomainObjectAcl	Get-ObjectAcl	Query ACLs for specified AD object
Get-DomainSCCM	Get-SCCM	Query for SCCM
Get-DomainRBCD	Get-RBCD	Finds accounts that are configured for resource-based constrained delegation
Get-DomainObjectOwner	Get-ObjectOwner	Query owner of the AD object
Get-DomainGMSA	Get-GMSA	Query objects with GMSA attributes and decode the password blob
Remove-DomainDNSRecord		Remove Domain DNS Record
Remove-DomainComputer	Remove-ADComputer	Remove Domain Computer
Remove-DomainGroupMember	Remove-GroupMember	Remove member of a specific Domain Group
Remove-DomainOU	Remove-OU	Remove OUs or specific OU objects in AD
Remove-DomainObjectAcl	Remove-ObjectAcl	Remove ACLs for specified AD object
Remove-DomainObject	Remove-ADObject	Remove specified Domain Object
Remove-DomainUser	Remove-ADUser	Remove specified Domain User in AD
Set-DomainDNSRecord		Set Domain DNS Record
Set-DomainUserPassword		Set password for specified Domain User
Set-DomainComputerPassword		Set password for specified Domain Computer
Set-DomainObject	Set-ADObject	Set for specified domain objects in AD
Set-DomainObjectDN	Set-ADObjectDN	Modify object's distinguishedName attribute as well as changing OU
Set-DomainObjectOwner	Set-ObjectOwner	Set owner of the AD object
Add-DomainDNSRecord		Add Domain DNS Record
Disable-DomainDNSRecord		Disabling DNS Record by pointing to invalid address
Add-DomainUser	Add-ADUser	Add new Domain User in AD
Add-DomainComputer	Add-ADComputer	Add new Domain Computer in AD
Add-DomainGroupMember	Add-GroupMember	Add new member in specified Domain Group in AD
Add-DomainOU	Add-OU	Add new OU object in AD
Add-DomainGPO	Add-GPO	Add new GPO object in AD
Add-DomainObjectAcl	Add-ObjectAcl	Supported rights so far are All, DCsync, RBCD, ShadowCred, WriteMembers

GPO Functions

Module	Alias	Description
Get-DomainGPO	Get-NetGPO	Query for domain group policy objects
Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup	Get-GPOLocalGroup	Query all GPOs in a domain that modify local group memberships through Restricted Groups or Group Policy preferences
Add-GPLink		Create new GPO link to an OU
Remove-GPLink		Remove GPO link from an OU

Computer Enumeration Functions

Module	Alias	Description
Get-NetSession		Query session information for the local or a remote computer
Get-NetShare		Query open shares on the local or a remote computer
Get-NetLoggedOn		Query logged on users on the local or a remote computer

ADCS Functions

Module	Alias	Description
Get-DomainCATemplate	Get-CATemplate	Query for available CA templates. Supports filtering for vulnerable template
Get-DomainCA	Get-CA	Query for Certificate Authority(CA)
Remove-DomainCATemplate	Remove-CATemplate	Remove specified Domain CA Template
Set-DomainCATemplate	Set-CATemplate	Modify domain object's attributes of a CA Template
Add-DomainCATemplate	Add-CATemplate	Add new Domain CA Template
Add-DomainCATemplateAcl	Add-CATemplateAcl	Add ACL to a certificate template. Supported rights so far are All, Enroll, Write

Exchange Functions

Module	Alias	Description
Get-ExchangeServer	Get-Exchange	Retrieve list of available exchange servers in the domain

Domain Trust Functions

Module	Alias	Description
Get-DomainTrust	Get-NetTrust	Query all Domain Trusts
Get-DomainForeignUser	Find-ForeignUser	Query users who are in group outside of the user's domain
Get-DomainForeignGroupMember	Find-ForeignGroup	Query groups with users outside of group's domain and look for foreign member

Misc Functions

Module	Alias	Description
ConvertFrom-SID		Convert a given security identifier (SID) to user/group name
ConvertFrom-UACValue		Converts a UAC int value to human readable form
Get-NamedPipes		List out Named Pipes for a specific computer
Invoke-Kerberoast		Requests kerberos ticket for a specified service principal name (SPN)
Unlock-ADAccount		Unlock domain accounts by modifying lockoutTime attribute
Find-LocalAdminAccess		Finds computer on the local domain where the current has a Local Administrator access

Logging

We will never miss logging to keep track of the actions done. By default, powerview creates a .powerview folder in current user home directory (~). Each log file is generated based on current date. Example path: /root/.powerview/logs/bionic.local/2024-02-13.log

To-Do

• Add logging function to track and monitor what have been run.
• Add cache functionality to minimize network interaction.
• Support more authentication flexibility.
  • Channel Binding
  • Sign and Seal
  • Simple Authentication
  • Schannel. Authentication with pfx
• Add ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion attribute to Get-DomainOU

Credits

• https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket
• https://github.com/CravateRouge/bloodyAD
• https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/master/Recon/PowerView.ps1
• https://github.com/ThePorgs/impacket/
• https://github.com/the-useless-one/pywerview
• https://github.com/dirkjanm/ldapdomaindump
• https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/grouppolicy/new-gplink
• https://github.com/ThePirateWhoSmellsOfSunflowers/ldap3/tree/tls_cb_and_seal_for_ntlm
• https://github.com/ly4k/Certipy
• https://github.com/MaLDAPtive/Invoke-Maldaptive