pydantic-pkgr         📦 apt  brew  pip  npm  ++
_{A typed Python API wrapper for common system package managers.}

This is a Python 3 library for installing & managing packages with a variety of package managers.

pip install pydantic-pkgr

✨ Built with pydantic v2 for strong static typing guarantees and json import/export compatibility
📦 Provides consistent cross-platform interfaces for dependency resolution & installation at runtime
🌈 Supports django >= 4.0, django-ninja, and OpenAPI + django-jsonform out-of-the-box
🦄 Plays well with pyinfra and ansible for advanced orchestration use-cases

_{Built by ArchiveBox to install & auto-update our extractor dependencies at runtime (chrome, wget, curl, etc.) on macOS/Linux/Docker.}

Source Code: https://github.com/ArchiveBox/pydantic-pkgr/

Documentation: https://github.com/ArchiveBox/pydantic-pkgr/blob/main/README.md

from pydantic_pkgr import AptProvider

# Example: Install curl using the apt provider
apt = AptProvider()
curl = apt.install('curl')

print(curl.provider)                       # 'apt'
print(curl.abspath)                        # Path('/usr/bin/curl')
print(curl.version)                        # SemVer('7.81.0')
curl.exec(['--version'])                   # curl 7.81.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.81.0 ...

from pydantic_pkgr import Binary, BinName, BinProvider

# Example: Create a re-usable curl Binary object that defines its install methods
curl = Binary(name='curl', providers=[BrewProvider(), EnvProvider()])
curl = curl.install()

print(curl.provider)                       # 'brew'
print(curl.abspath)                        # Path('/opt/homebrew/bin/curl')
print(curl.version)                        # SemVer('8.4.0')
curl.exec(['--version'])                   # curl 8.4.0 (x86_64-apple-darwin23.0) libcurl/8.4.0 ...

print(curl.model_dump_json())              # ... everything can also be dumped/loaded as json
print(curl.model_json_schema())            # ... all types provide OpenAPI-ready JSON schemas

Supported Package Managers

So far it supports installing/finding installed/updating/removing packages on Linux/macOS with:

• apt (Ubuntu/Debian/etc.)
• brew (macOS/Linux)
• pip (Linux/macOS/Windows)
• npm (Linux/macOS/Windows)
• env (looks for existing version of binary in user's $PATH at runtime)
• vendor (you can bundle vendored copies of packages you depend on within your source)

Planned: docker, cargo, nix, apk, go get, gem, pkg, and more using ansible/pyinfra...

Usage

pip install pydantic-pkgr

BinProvider

Implementations: EnvProvider, AptProvider, BrewProvider, PipProvider, NpmProvider

This type represents a "provider of binaries", e.g. a package manager like apt/pip/npm, or env (which finds binaries in your $PATH).

BinProviders implement the following interface:

• load(bin_name: str), install(bin_name: str), load_or_install(bin_name: str) -> Binary
• install(bin_name: str)
• get_abspath(bin_name: str) -> Path('/absolute/path/to/bin')
• get_version(bin_name: str) -> SemVer('1.0.0')
• get_subdeps(bin_name: str) -> InstallStr('somepackage some-extras')

import platform
from typing import List
from pydantic_pkgr import EnvProvider, PipProvider, AptProvider, BrewProvider

### Example: Finding an existing install of bash using the system $PATH environment
env = EnvProvider()
bash = env.load(bin_name='bash')
print(bash.abspath)                   # Path('/opt/homebrew/bin/bash')
print(bash.version)                   # SemVer('5.2.26')
bash.exec(['-c', 'echo hi'])          # hi

### Example: Installing curl using the apt package manager
apt = AptProvider()
curl = apt.install(bin_name='curl')
print(curl.version)                   # Path('/usr/bin/curl')
print(curl.version)                   # SemVer('8.4.0')
curl.exec(['--version'])              # curl 7.81.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.81.0 ...

### Example: Finding/Installing django with pip (w/ customized binpath resolution behavior)
pip = PipProvider(
    abspath_provider={'*': lambda bin_name, **context: inspect.getfile(bin_name)},  # use python inspect to get path instead of os.which
)
django_bin = pip.load_or_install(bin_name='django')
print(django_bin.abspath)             # Path('/usr/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py')
print(django_bin.version)             # SemVer('5.0.2')

Binary

This type represents a single binary dependency aka a package (e.g. wget, curl, ffmpeg, etc.).
It can define one or more BinProviders that it supports, along with overrides to customize the behavior for each.

Binarys implement the following interface:

• load(), install(), load_or_install() -> Binary
• provider: BinProviderName (BinProviderName == str)
• abspath: Path
• version: SemVer

from pydantic_pkgr import BinProvider, Binary, BinProviderName, BinName, ProviderLookupDict, SemVer

### Example: Create a re-usable class defining a binary and its providers
class YtdlpBinary(Binary):
    name: BinName = 'ytdlp'
    description: str = 'YT-DLP (Replacement for YouTube-DL) Media Downloader'

    providers_supported: List[BinProvider] = [EnvProvider(), PipProvider(), AptProvider(), BrewProvider()]
    
    # customize installed package names for specific package managers
    provider_overrides: Dict[BinProviderName, ProviderLookupDict] = {
        'pip': {'subdeps': lambda: 'yt-dlp[default,curl-cffi]'}},
        'apt': {'subdeps': lambda: 'yt-dlp ffmpeg'}},
        'brew': {'subdeps': 'some.other.module.get_brew_subdeps'}},  # also accepts dotted import path to function
    }

ytdlp = YtdlpBinary().load_or_install()
print(ytdlp.provider)                     # 'brew'
print(ytdlp.abspath)                      # Path('/opt/homebrew/bin/yt-dlp')
print(ytdlp.version)                      # SemVer('2024.4.9')
print(ytdlp.is_valid)                     # True

from pydantic_pkgr import BinProvider, Binary, BinProviderName, BinName, ProviderLookupDict, SemVer

#### Example: Create a binary that uses Podman if available, or Docker otherwise
class DockerBinary(Binary):
    name: BinName = 'docker'

    providers_supported: List[BinProvider] = [EnvProvider(), AptProvider()]
    
    provider_overrides: Dict[BinProviderName, ProviderLookupDict] = {
        'env': {
            # prefer podman if installed (or fall back to docker)
            'abspath': lambda: os.which('podman') or os.which('docker') or os.which('docker-ce'),
        },
        'apt': {
            # install docker OR docker-ce (varies based on CPU architecture)
            'subdeps': lambda: {
                'amd64': 'docker',
                'armv7l': 'docker-ce',
                'arm64': 'docker-ce',
            }.get(platform.machine()) or 'docker',
        },
    }

docker = DockerBinary().load_or_install()
print(docker.provider)                    # 'env'
print(docker.abspath)                     # Path('/usr/local/bin/podman')
print(docker.version)                     # SemVer('6.0.2')
print(docker.is_valid)                    # True

# You can also pass **kwargs to override properties at runtime,
# e.g. if you want to force the abspath to be at a specific path:
custom_docker = DockerBinary(abspath='~/custom/bin/podman').load()
print(custom_docker.name)                 # 'docker'
print(custom_docker.provider)             # 'env'
print(custom_docker.abspath)              # Path('/Users/example/custom/bin/podman')
print(custom_docker.version)              # SemVer('5.0.2')
print(custom_docker.is_valid)             # True

SemVer

from pydantic_pkgr import SemVer

### Example: Use the SemVer type directly for parsing & verifying version strings
SemVer.parse('Google Chrome 124.0.6367.208+beta_234. 234.234.123')  # SemVer(124, 0, 6367')
SemVer.parse('2024.04.05)                                           # SemVer(2024, 4, 5)
SemVer.parse('1.9+beta')                                            # SemVer(1, 9, 0)
str(SemVer(1, 9, 0))                                                # '1.9.0'

Django Usage

The pydantic ecosystem help us get auto-generated, type-checked Django fields & forms that support BinProvider and Binary.

[!TIP] For the full experience, we recommend installing these 3 excellent packages:

• django-admin-data-views
• django-pydantic-field
• django-jsonform
pip install pydantic-pkgr django-admin-data-views django-pydantic-field django-jsonform

Django Model Usage: Store BinProvider and Binary entries in your model fields

pip install django-pydantic-field

Fore more info see the django-pydantic-field docs...

Usage in your models.py:

from django.db import models
from django_pydantic_field import SchemaField

from pydantic_pkgr import BinProvider, EnvProvider, Binary

DEFAULT_PROVIDER = EnvProvider()

class MyModel(models.Model):
    ...

    # SchemaField supports storing a single BinProvider/Binary in a field...
    favorite_binprovider: BinProvider = SchemaField(default=DEFAULT_PROVIDER)

    # ... or inside a collection type like list[...] dict[...]
    optional_binaries: list[Binary] = SchemaField(default=[])

curl = Binary(name='curl', providers=[DEFAULT_PROVIDER]).load()

obj = MyModel(optional_binaries=[curl])
obj.save()

assert obj.favorite_binprovider == DEFAULT_PROVIDER
assert obj.optional_binaries[0].provider == DEFAULT_PROVIDER

Django Admin Usage: Show read-only list of Binaries in Admin UI

pip install pydantic-pkgr django-admin-data-views

For more info see the django-admin-data-views docs...

Then add this to your settings.py:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ...
    'admin_data_views'
    'pydantic_pkgr'
    # ...
]

ADMIN_DATA_VIEWS = {
    "NAME": "Environment",
    "URLS": [
        {
            "route": "binaries/",
            "view": "pydantic_pkgr.views.binaries_list_view",
            "name": "binaries",
            "items": {
                "route": "<str:key>/",
                "view": "pydantic_pkgr.views.binary_detail_view",
                "name": "binary",
            },
        },
        # Coming soon: binprovider_list_view + binprovider_detail_view ...
    ],
}

class YourSiteAdmin(admin.AdminSite):
    """Your customized version of admin.AdminSite"""
    ...


custom_admin = YourSiteAdmin()
custom_admin.register(get_user_model())
...
from pydantic_pkgr.admin import register_admin_views
register_admin_views(custom_admin)

Django Admin Usage: JSONFormWidget for editing BinProvider and Binary data

Install django-jsonform to get auto-generated Forms for editing BinProvider, Binary, etc. data

pip install django-pydantic-field django-jsonform

For more info see the django-jsonform docs...

admin.py:

from django.contrib import admin
from django_jsonform.widgets import JSONFormWidget
from django_pydantic_field.v2.fields import PydanticSchemaField

class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    formfield_overrides = {PydanticSchemaField: {"widget": JSONFormWidget}}

admin.site.register(MyModel, MyModelAdmin)

Examples

Advanced: Implement your own package manager behavior by subclassing BinProvider

from subprocess import run, PIPE

from pydantic_pkgr import BinProvider, BinProviderName, BinName, SemVer

class CargoProvider(BinProvider):
    name: BinProviderName = 'cargo'
    
    def on_setup_paths(self):
        if '~/.cargo/bin' not in sys.path:
            sys.path.append('~/.cargo/bin')

    def on_install(self, bin_name: BinName, **context):
        subdeps = self.on_get_subdeps(bin_name)
        installer_process = run(['cargo', 'install', *subdeps.split(' ')], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
        assert installer_process.returncode == 0

    def on_get_subdeps(self, bin_name: BinName, **context) -> InstallStr:
        # optionally remap bin_names to strings passed to installer 
        # e.g. 'yt-dlp' -> 'yt-dlp ffmpeg libcffi libaac'
        return bin_name

    def on_get_abspath(self, bin_name: BinName, **context) -> Path | None:
        self.on_setup_paths()
        return Path(os.which(bin_name))

    def on_get_version(self, bin_name: BinName, **context) -> SemVer | None:
        self.on_setup_paths()
        return SemVer(run([bin_name, '--version'], stdout=PIPE).stdout.decode())

cargo = CargoProvider()
rg = cargo.install(bin_name='ripgrep')
print(rg.provider)                      # 'cargo'
print(rg.version)                       # SemVer(14, 1, 0)

TODO

• Implement initial basic support for apt, brew, and pip
• Provide editability and actions via Django Admin UI using django-pydantic-field and django-jsonform
• Implement update and remove actions on BinProviders
• Add preinstall and postinstall hooks for things like adding apt sources and running cleanup scripts
• Implement more package managers

Other Packages We Like

• https://github.com/MrThearMan/django-signal-webhooks
• https://github.com/MrThearMan/django-admin-data-views
• https://github.com/lazybird/django-solo
• https://github.com/joshourisman/django-pydantic-settings
• https://github.com/surenkov/django-pydantic-field
• https://github.com/jordaneremieff/djantic