pyroute2 0.3.15

Python Netlink library


pyroute2

Pyroute2 is a pure Python netlink and Linux network configuration library. It requires only Python stdlib, no 3rd party libraries. Later it can change, but the deps tree will remain as simple, as it is possible.

The library provides several modules:

• Netlink protocol implementations (RTNetlink, TaskStats, etc)

  • rtnl, network settings — addresses, routes, traffic controls

  • nl80211 — wireless functions API (work in progress)

  • nfnetlink — netfilter API: ipset (work in progress), …

  • ipq — simplest userspace packet filtering, iptables QUEUE target

  • taskstats — extended process statistics

• Simple netlink socket object, that can be used in poll/select

• Network configuration module IPRoute provides API that in some way resembles ip/tc functionality

• IPDB is an async transactional database of Linux network settings

rtnetlink sample

More samples you can read in the project documentation.

Low-level IPRoute utility — Linux network configuration. IPRoute usually doesn’t rely on external utilities, but in some cases, when the kernel doesn’t provide the functionality via netlink (like on RHEL6.5), it transparently uses also brctl and sysfs to setup bridges and bonding interfaces.

The IPRoute class is a 1-to-1 RTNL mapping. There are no implicit interface lookups and so on.

Some examples:

from socket import AF_INET
from pyroute2 import IPRoute
from pyroute2 import IPRouteRequest
from pyroute2.common import AF_MPLS

# get access to the netlink socket
ip = IPRoute()

# print interfaces
print(ip.get_links())

# create VETH pair
ip.link_create(ifname='v0p0', peer='v0p1', kind='veth')

# lookup the interface and add an address
idx = ip.link_lookup(ifname='v0p0')[0]
ip.addr('add',
        index=idx,
        address='10.0.0.1',
        broadcast='10.0.0.255',
        prefixlen=24)

# create a route with metrics
req = IPRouteRequest({'dst': '172.16.0.0/24',
                      'gateway': '10.0.0.10',
                      'metrics': {'mtu': 1400,
                                  'hoplimit': 16}})
ip.route('add', **req)

# create a MPLS route (requires kernel >= 4.1.4)
# $ sudo modprobe mpls_router
# $ sudo sysctl -w net.mpls.platform_labels=1000
req = IPRouteRequest({'family': AF_MPLS,
                      'oif': 2,
                      'via': {'family': AF_INET,
                              'addr': '172.16.0.10'},
                      'newdst': {'label': 0x20,
                                 'bos': 1}})
ip.route('add', **req)

# release Netlink socket
ip.close()

High-level transactional interface, IPDB, a network settings DB:

from pyroute2 import IPDB
# local network settings
ip = IPDB()
# create bridge and add ports and addresses
# transaction will be started with `with` statement
# and will be committed at the end of the block
try:
    with ip.create(kind='bridge', ifname='rhev') as i:
        i.add_port(ip.interfaces.em1)
        i.add_port(ip.interfaces.em2)
        i.add_ip('10.0.0.2/24')
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
finally:
    ip.release()

The IPDB arch allows to use it transparently with network namespaces:

from pyroute2 import IPDB
from pyroute2 import NetNS

# create IPDB to work in the 'test' ip netns
# pls notice, that IPDB itself will work in the
# main netns
ip = IPDB(nl=NetNS('test'))

# wait until someone will set up ipaddr 127.0.0.1
# in the netns on the loopback device
ip.interfaces.lo.wait_ip('127.0.0.1')

ip.release()

The project contains several modules for different types of netlink messages, not only RTNL.

network namespace samples

Network namespace manipulation:

from pyroute2 import netns
# create netns
netns.create('test')
# list
print(netns.listnetns())
# remove netns
netns.remove('test')

Create veth interfaces pair and move to netns:

from pyroute2 import IPDB

ip = IPDB()
# create interface pair
ip.create(ifname='v0p0', kind='veth', peer='v0p1').commit()
# move peer to netns
with ip.interfaces.v0p1 as veth:
    veth.net_ns_fd = 'test'
# don't forget to release before exit
ip.release()

List interfaces in some netns:

from pyroute2 import NetNS
from pprint import pprint

ns = NetNS('test')
pprint(ns.get_links())
ns.close()

More details and samples see in the documentation.

installation

make install or pip install pyroute2

requires

Python >= 2.6

The pyroute2 testing framework requires flake8, coverage, nosetests.

links

• home: https://github.com/svinota/pyroute2

• bugs: https://github.com/svinota/pyroute2/issues

• pypi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyroute2

• docs: http://docs.pyroute2.org/

• list: https://groups.google.com/d/forum/pyroute2-dev