pytest-randomly 3.2.0

Pytest plugin to randomly order tests and control random.seed.

===============
pytest-randomly
===============

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/pytest-dev/pytest-randomly.svg
:target: https://travis-ci.org/pytest-dev/pytest-randomly

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pytest-randomly.svg
:target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-randomly

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
:target: https://github.com/python/black

.. figure:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pytest-dev/pytest-randomly/master/logo.png
:scale: 50%
:alt: Randomness power.

Pytest plugin to randomly order tests and control ``random.seed``. (Also
available `for nose <https://github.com/adamchainz/nose-randomly>`_).

--------
Features
--------

All of these features are on by default but can be disabled with flags.

* Randomly shuffles the order of test items. This is done first at the level of
modules, then at the level of test classes (if you have them), then at the
order of functions. This also works with things like doctests.
* Resets ``random.seed()`` at the start of every test case and test to a fixed
number - this defaults to ``time.time()`` from the start of your test run,
but you can pass in ``--randomly-seed`` to repeat a randomness-induced
failure.
* If
`factory boy <https://factoryboy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference.html>`_
is installed, its random state is reset at the start of every test. This
allows for repeatable use of its random 'fuzzy' features.
* If `faker <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/faker>`_ is installed, its random
state is reset at the start of every test. This is also for repeatable fuzzy
data in tests - factory boy uses faker for lots of data.
* If `numpy <http://www.numpy.org/>`_ is installed, its random state is reset
at the start of every test.
* If additional random generators are used, they can be registered under the
``pytest_randomly.random_seeder``
`entry point <https://packaging.python.org/specifications/entry-points/>`_ and
will have their seed reset at the start of every test. Register a function
that takes the current seed value.

-----
About
-----

Randomness in testing can be quite powerful to discover hidden flaws in the
tests themselves, as well as giving a little more coverage to your system.

By randomly ordering the tests, the risk of surprising inter-test dependencies
is reduced - a technique used in many places, for example Google's C++ test
runner `googletest
<https://code.google.com/p/googletest/wiki/V1_5_AdvancedGuide#Shuffling_the_Tests>`_.

By resetting the random seed to a repeatable number for each test, tests can
create data based on random numbers and yet remain repeatable, for example
factory boy's fuzzy values. This is good for ensuring that tests specify the
data they need and that the tested system is not affected by any data that is
filled in randomly due to not being specified.

This plugin is a Pytest port of my plugin for nose, ``nose-randomly``. I've
written a `blog post on its history <https://adamj.eu/tech/2018/01/08/pytest-randomly-history/>`_.

-----
Usage
-----

Install from pip with:

.. code-block:: bash

pip install pytest-randomly

Python 3.5 to 3.8 supported.

Pytest will automatically find the plugin and use it when you run ``pytest``.
The output will start with an extra line that tells you the random seed that is
being used:

.. code-block:: bash

$ pytest
...
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.2, pytest-4.3.1, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.9.0
Using --randomly-seed=1553614239
...

If the tests fail due to ordering or randomly created data, you can restart
them with that seed using the flag as suggested:

.. code-block:: bash

pytest --randomly-seed=1234

Or more conveniently, use the special value ``last``:

.. code-block:: bash

pytest --randomly-seed=last

Since the ordering is by module, then by class, you can debug inter-test
pollution failures by narrowing down which tests are being run to find the bad
interaction by rerunning just the module/class:

.. code-block:: bash

pytest --randomly-seed=1234 tests/module_that_failed/

You can disable behaviours you don't like with the following flags:

* ``--randomly-dont-reset-seed`` - turn off the reset of ``random.seed()`` at
the start of every test
* ``--randomly-dont-reorganize`` - turn off the shuffling of the order of tests

The plugin appears to Pytest with the name 'randomly'. To disable it
altogether, you can use the ``-p`` argument, for example:

.. code-block:: sh

pytest -p no:randomly

-----------
Entry Point
-----------

If you're using a different randomness generator in your third party package,
you can register an entrypoint to be called every time ``pytest-randomly``
reseeds. Implement the entrypoint ``pytest_randomly.random_seeder``, referring
to a function/callable that takes one argument, the new seed (int).

For example in your ``setup.cfg``:

.. code-block:: sh

[options.entry_points]
pytest_randomly.random_seeder =
mypackage = mypackage.reseed

Then implement ``reseed(new_seed)``.

-------
History
-------

3.2.0 (2019-12-19)
------------------

* Converted setuptools metadata to configuration file. This meant removing the
``__version__`` attribute from the package. If you want to inspect the
installed version, use
``importlib.metadata.version("pytest-randomly")``
(`docs <https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/importlib.metadata.html#distribution-versions>`__ /
`backport <https://pypi.org/project/importlib-metadata/>`__).
* Convert reading entrypoints to use ``importlib.metadata``. Depend on
``importlib-metadata`` on Python < 3.8.
* Update Python support to 3.5-3.8.

3.1.0 (2019-08-25)
------------------

* Add plugins via entry points ``pytest_randomly.random_seeder`` to allow
outside packages to register additional random generators to seed. This has
added a dependency on the ``entrypoints`` package.

3.0.0 (2019-04-05)
------------------

* Update Python support to 3.5-3.7, as 3.4 has reached its end of life.
* Handle ``CollectError``\s and ``ImportError``\s during collection when
accessing ``item.module``.

2.1.1 (2019-03-26)
------------------

* Fix including tests in sdist after re-arrangement in 2.1.0.

2.1.0 (2019-03-01)
------------------

* Add the option ``--randomly-seed=last`` to reuse the last used value for the
seed.

2.0.0 (2019-02-28)
------------------

* Drop Python 2 support, only Python 3.4+ is supported now.

1.2.3 (2017-12-06)
------------------

* Fix ``DeprecationWarning`` with recent versions of ``factory_boy``.

1.2.2 (2017-11-03)
------------------

* Fix collection to not sometimes crash when encoutering pytest ``Item``\s
without a module.

1.2.1 (2017-06-17)
------------------

* Fix collection to be deterministically shuffled again, regression in 1.2.0.

1.2.0 (2017-06-16)
------------------

* Dropped Python 2.6 compatibility, as upstream dependency NumPy did.
* Reset and output the seed at the start of the test run when
``--randomly-dont-reset-seed`` is set, to allow the reorganization of tests
to be reproducible.

1.1.2 (2016-10-27)
------------------

* Reset the random state for NumPy too.

1.1.1 (2016-09-16)
------------------

* Add Python 2.6 compatibility

1.1.0 (2016-09-12)
------------------

* Offset the random seed during test setup and teardown. This is to avoid the
awkward situation where test setup generates a random object, then the test
generates a second one, but due to the re-seeding, they end up being always
the same object. Thanks @rouge8 for the report.

1.0.0 (2016-04-15)
------------------

* First release on PyPI.