Python Test Crawler
Project description
Python Testing Crawler
A crawler for automated functional testing of a web application
Crawling a server-side-rendered web application is a low cost way to get low quality test coverage of your JavaScript-light web application.
If you have only partial test coverage of your routes, but still want to protect against silly mistakes, then this is for you. It follows links and can post forms.
Works with the test clients for Flask (inc Flask-WebTest), Django and Zope/WebTest.
Installation
$ pip install python-testing-crawler
Usage
Create a crawler using your framework's existing test client, tell it where to start and what rules to obey, then set it off:
from python_testing_crawler import Crawler
from python_testing_crawler import Rule, Request
def test_crawl_all():
client = ## ... existing testing client
## ... any setup ...
crawler = Crawler(
client=my_testing_client,
initial_paths=['/'],
rules=[
Rule("a", '/.*', "GET", Request()),
]
)
crawler.crawl()
This will crawl all anchor links to relative addresses beginning "/". Any exceptions encountered will be collected and presented at the end of the crawl. For more power see the Rules section below.
If you need to authorise the client's session, e.g. login, then you should that before creating the Crawler.
It is also a good idea to create enough data, via fixtures or otherwise, to expose enough endpoints.
Crawler Options
| Param | Description |
|---|---|
initial_paths |
list of paths/URLs to start from |
rules |
list of rules |
path_attrs |
list of attribute names to get paths/URLs from; defaults to "href" but include "src" if you want to check e.g. <link>, <script> or even <img> |
ignore_css_selectors |
any elements matching this list of CSS selectors will be ignored |
ignore_form_fields |
list of form input names to ignore when determining the identity/uniqueness of a form. Include CSRF token field names here. |
max_requests |
crawler will raise an exception if this limit is exceeded |
capture_exceptions |
keep going on any exception and fail at the end of the crawl instead of during (default True) |
should_process_handlers |
list of "should process" handlers; see Handlers section |
check_response_handlers |
list of "check response" handlers; see Handlers section |
Rules
The crawler has to be told what URLs to follow, what forms to post and what to ignore.
Rules are four-tuples:
(source element, URL/path, HTTP method, action to take)
These are matched against every link or form that the crawler encounters, in reverse priority order.
Supported actions:
Request(only=False, params=None)-- follow a link or submit a form
only=Truewill retrieve a page but not spider its links.- the dict
paramsallows you to specify overrides for a form's default values
Ignore-- do nothingAllow-- allow a HTTP status code, i.e. do not consider it to be an error.
Example Rules
Follow all local/relative links
HYPERLINKS_ONLY_RULE_SET = [
Rule(ANCHOR, '/.*', GET, Request()),
Rule(AREA, '/.*', GET, Request()),
]
Request but do not spider all links
REQUEST_ONLY_EXTERNAL_RULE_SET = [
Rule(ANCHOR, '.*', GET, Request(only=True)),
Rule(AREA, '.*', GET, Request(only=True)),
]
This is useful for finding broken links. You can also check <link> tags from the <head> if you include the following rule plus set a Crawler's path_attrs to ("HREF", "SRC").
Rule(LINK, '.*', GET, Request())
Submit forms with GET or POST
SUBMIT_GET_FORMS_RULE_SET = [
Rule(FORM, '.*', GET, Request())
]
SUBMIT_POST_FORMS_RULE_SET = [
Rule(FORM, '.*', POST, Request())
]
Setting Request(params={...} on a specific form lets you specify what values to submit.`
Allow some routes to fail
PERMISSIVE_RULE_SET = [
Rule('.*', '.*', GET, Allow([*range(400, 600)])),
Rule('.*', '.*', POST, Allow([*range(400, 600)]))
]
Crawl Graph
The crawler builds up a graph of your web application. It can be interrogated via crawler.graph when the crawl is finished.
See Node in docs (TODO).
Handlers
Two hooks points are provided:
Whether to process a Node
Using should_process_handlers, you can register functions that take a Node and return a bool of whether the Crawler should "process" -- follow a link or submit a form -- or not.
Whether a response is acceptable
Using check_response_handlers, you can register functions that take a Node and response object (specific to your test client) and return a bool of whether the response should constitute an error.
If your function returns True, the Crawler with throw an exception.
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