Algorithm

Picard is an algorithm for maximum likelihood independent component analysis. It shows state of the art speed of convergence, and solves the same problems as the widely used FastICA, Infomax and extended-Infomax, faster.

The parameter ortho choses whether to work under orthogonal constraint (i.e. enforce the decorrelation of the output) or not. It also comes with an extended version just like extended-infomax, which makes separation of both sub and super-Gaussian signals possible. It is chosen with the parameter extended.

• ortho=False, extended=False: same solution as Infomax

• ortho=False, extended=True: same solution as extended-Infomax

• ortho=True, extended=True: same solution as FastICA

• ortho=True, extended=False: finds the same solutions as Infomax under orthogonal constraint.

Installation

We recommend the Anaconda Python distribution.

$ conda install python-picard

$ pip install numpy matplotlib scipy

$ pip install python-picard

$ pip install git+https://github.com/mind-inria/picard.git#egg=picard

$ python -c 'import picard'

Quickstart

To get started, you can build a synthetic mixed signals matrix:

>>> import numpy as np
>>> N, T = 3, 1000
>>> S = np.random.laplace(size=(N, T))
>>> A = np.random.randn(N, N)
>>> X = np.dot(A, S)

And then use Picard to separate the signals:

>>> from picard import picard
>>> K, W, Y = picard(X)

Picard outputs the whitening matrix, K, the estimated unmixing matrix, W, and the estimated sources Y. It means that Y = WKX

NEW: scikit-learn compatible API

Introducing picard.Picard, which mimics sklearn.decomposition.FastICA behavior:

>>> from sklearn.datasets import load_digits
>>> from picard import Picard
>>> X, _ = load_digits(return_X_y=True)
>>> transformer = Picard(n_components=7)
>>> X_transformed = transformer.fit_transform(X)
>>> X_transformed.shape

Dependencies

These are the dependencies to use Picard:

• numpy (>=1.8)

• matplotlib (>=1.3)

• scipy (>=0.19)

Optionally to get faster computations, you can install

• numexpr (>= 2.0)

These are the dependencies to run the EEG example:

• mne (>=0.14)

Cite

If you use this code in your project, please cite:

Pierre Ablin, Jean-Francois Cardoso, Alexandre Gramfort
Faster independent component analysis by preconditioning with Hessian approximations
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2018
https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.08171

Pierre Ablin, Jean-François Cardoso, Alexandre Gramfort
Faster ICA under orthogonal constraint
ICASSP, 2018
https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.10873

Changelog

New in 0.8 : for the density exp, the default parameter is now alpha = 0.1 instead of alpha = 1.