RapidFuzz 1.5.0

rapid fuzzy string matching

Rapid fuzzy string matching in Python and C++ using the Levenshtein Distance

Description • Installation • Usage • License

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Description

RapidFuzz is a fast string matching library for Python and C++, which is using the string similarity calculations from FuzzyWuzzy. However there are two aspects that set RapidFuzz apart from FuzzyWuzzy:

1. It is MIT licensed so it can be used whichever License you might want to choose for your project, while you're forced to adopt the GPL license when using FuzzyWuzzy
2. It is mostly written in C++ and on top of this comes with a lot of Algorithmic improvements to make string matching even faster, while still providing the same results. More details on these performance improvements in form of benchmarks can be found here

⚠️ This library fixes partial_ratio from FuzzyWuzzy, so the results are different in some cases.

FuzzyWuzzy relies on an incorrect implementation of get_matching_blocks() in python-Levenshtein (see this issue). For RapidFuzz I decided to use:

• The implementation of get_matching_blocks() from difflib for the optimal alignment
• The Levenshtein distance (same as in python-Levenshtein) for the normalized edit distance

To get the same results from FuzzyWuzzy (albeit at a large performance penalty), you can use

import Levenshtein
from difflib import SequenceMatcher

class StringMatcher:
    def __init__(self, isjunk=None, seq1='', seq2=''):
        self._str1, self._str2 = seq1, seq2

    def get_matching_blocks(self):
        return SequenceMatcher(None, self._str1, self._str2, False).get_matching_blocks()

    def ratio(self):
        return Levenshtein.ratio(self._str1, self._str2)

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz
fuzz.SequenceMatcher = StringMatcher

This is a common question, for more details see my comments here, here, and here.

Requirements

• Python 3.5 or later
• On Windows the Visual C++ 2019 redistributable is required

Installation

There are several ways to install RapidFuzz, the recommended methods are to either use pip(the Python package manager) or conda (an open-source, cross-platform, package manager)

with pip

RapidFuzz can be installed with pip the following way:

pip install rapidfuzz

There are pre-built binaries (wheels) of RapidFuzz for MacOS (10.9 and later), Linux x86_64 and Windows. Wheels for armv6l (Raspberry Pi Zero) and armv7l (Raspberry Pi) are available on piwheels.

:heavy_multiplication_x:   failure "ImportError: DLL load failed"

If you run into this error on Windows the reason is most likely, that the Visual C++ 2019 redistributable is not installed, which is required to find C++ Libraries (The C++ 2019 version includes the 2015, 2017 and 2019 version).

with conda

RapidFuzz can be installed with conda:

conda install -c conda-forge rapidfuzz

from git

RapidFuzz can be installed directly from the source distribution by cloning the repository. This requires a C++14 capable compiler.

git clone https://github.com/maxbachmann/rapidfuzz.git
cd rapidfuzz
pip install .

Usage

Some simple functions are shown below. A complete documentation of all functions can be found here.

Scorers

Scorers in RapidFuzz can be found in the modules fuzz and string_metric.

Simple Ratio

> fuzz.ratio("this is a test", "this is a test!")
96.55171966552734

Partial Ratio

> fuzz.partial_ratio("this is a test", "this is a test!")
100.0

Token Sort Ratio

> fuzz.ratio("fuzzy wuzzy was a bear", "wuzzy fuzzy was a bear")
90.90908813476562
> fuzz.token_sort_ratio("fuzzy wuzzy was a bear", "wuzzy fuzzy was a bear")
100.0

Token Set Ratio

> fuzz.token_sort_ratio("fuzzy was a bear", "fuzzy fuzzy was a bear")
83.8709716796875
> fuzz.token_set_ratio("fuzzy was a bear", "fuzzy fuzzy was a bear")
100.0

Process

The process module makes it compare strings to lists of strings. This is generally more performant than using the scorers directly from Python. Here are some examples on the usage of processors in RapidFuzz:

> from rapidfuzz import process, fuzz
> choices = ["Atlanta Falcons", "New York Jets", "New York Giants", "Dallas Cowboys"]
> process.extract("new york jets", choices, scorer=fuzz.WRatio, limit=2)
[('New York Jets', 100, 1), ('New York Giants', 78.57142639160156, 2)]
> process.extractOne("cowboys", choices, scorer=fuzz.WRatio)
("Dallas Cowboys", 90, 3)

The full documentation of processors can be found here

Benchmark

The following benchmark gives a quick performance comparision between RapidFuzz and FuzzyWuzzy. More detailed benchmarks for the string metrics can be found in the documentation. For this simple comparision I generated a list of 10.000 strings with length 10, that is compared to a sample of 100 elements from this list:

words = [
  ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_letters + string.digits) for _ in range(10))
  for _ in range(10_000)
]
samples = words[::len(words) // 100]

The first benchmark compares the performance of the scorers in FuzzyWuzzy and RapidFuzz when they are used directly from Python in the following way:

for sample in samples:
  for word in words:
    scorer(sample, word)

The following graph shows how many elements are processed per second with each of the scorers. There are big performance differences between the different scorers. However each of the scorers is faster in RapidFuzz

The second benchmark compares the performance when the scorers are used in combination with extractOne in the following way:

for sample in samples:
  extractOne(sample, word, scorer=scorer)

The following graph shows how many elements are processed per second with each of the scorers. In RapidFuzz the usage of scorers through processors like extractOne is a lot faster than directly using it. Thats why they should be used whenever possible.

License

RapidFuzz is licensed under the MIT license since I believe that everyone should be able to use it without being forced to adopt the GPL license. Thats why the library is based on an older version of fuzzywuzzy that was MIT licensed as well. This old version of fuzzywuzzy can be found here.