Skip to main content

An async web scraping micro-framework based on asyncio.

Project description

travis PyPI - Python Version PyPI license

Overview

An async web scraping micro-framework, written with asyncio and aiohttp, aims to make crawling url as convenient as possible.

Write less, run faster:

Features

  • Easy: Declarative programming

  • Fast: Powered by asyncio

  • Extensible: Middlewares and plugins

  • Powerful: JavaScript support

Installation

# For Linux & Mac
pip install -U ruia[uvloop]

# For Windows
pip install -U ruia

# New features
pip install git+https://github.com/howie6879/ruia

Tutorials

  1. Overview

  2. Installation

  3. Define Data Items

  4. Spider Control

  5. Request & Response

  6. Customize Middleware

  7. Write a Plugins

Usage

Item

Item can be used standalone, for testing, and for tiny crawlers.

import asyncio

from ruia import AttrField, TextField, Item


class HackerNewsItem(Item):
    target_item = TextField(css_select='tr.athing')
    title = TextField(css_select='a.storylink')
    url = AttrField(css_select='a.storylink', attr='href')

items = asyncio.run(HackerNewsItem.get_items(url="https://news.ycombinator.com/"))
for item in items:
    print(item.title, item.url)

Run: python demo.py

Notorious ‘Hijack Factory’ Shunned from Web https://krebsonsecurity.com/2018/07/notorious-hijack-factory-shunned-from-web/
 ......

Spider Control

Spider is used for control requests better. Spider supports concurrency control, which is very important for spiders.

import aiofiles

from ruia import AttrField, TextField, Item, Spider


class HackerNewsItem(Item):
    target_item = TextField(css_select='tr.athing')
    title = TextField(css_select='a.storylink')
    url = AttrField(css_select='a.storylink', attr='href')

    async def clean_title(self, value):
        """Define clean_* functions for data cleaning"""
        return value.strip()


class HackerNewsSpider(Spider):
    start_urls = [f'https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p={index}' for index in range(1, 3)]

    async def parse(self, response):
        items = await HackerNewsItem.get_items(html=response.html)
        for item in items:
            async with aiofiles.open('./hacker_news.txt', mode='a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                await f.write(item.title + '\n')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    HackerNewsSpider.start()

Run hacker_news_spider.py:

[2018-09-21 17:27:14,497]-ruia-INFO  spider::l54: Spider started!
[2018-09-21 17:27:14,502]-Request-INFO  request::l77: <GET: https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p=2>
[2018-09-21 17:27:14,527]-Request-INFO  request::l77: <GET: https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p=1>
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,388]-ruia-INFO  spider::l122: Stopping spider: ruia
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,389]-ruia-INFO  spider::l68: Total requests: 2
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,389]-ruia-INFO  spider::l71: Time usage: 0:00:01.891688
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,389]-ruia-INFO  spider::l72: Spider finished!

Custom middleware

ruia provides an easy way to customize requests.

The following middleware is based on the above example:

from ruia import Middleware

middleware = Middleware()


@middleware.request
async def print_on_request(request):
    request.metadata = {
        'index': request.url.split('=')[-1]
    }
    print(f"request: {request.metadata}")
    # Just operate request object, and do not return anything.


@middleware.response
async def print_on_response(request, response):
    print(f"response: {response.metadata}")

# Add HackerNewsSpider

if __name__ == '__main__':
    HackerNewsSpider.start(middleware=middleware)

JavaScript Support

You can load js by using ruia-pyppeteer.

For example:

import asyncio

from ruia_pyppeteer import PyppeteerRequest as Request

request = Request("https://www.jianshu.com/", load_js=True)
response = asyncio.run(request.fetch()) # Python 3.7
print(response.html)

TODO

  • Cache for debug, to decreasing request limitation

  • Distributed crawling/scraping

Contribution

Ruia is still under developing, feel free to open issues and pull requests:

  • Report or fix bugs

  • Require or publish plugins

  • Write or fix documentation

  • Add test cases

Thanks

Project details


Download files

Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.

Source Distribution

ruia-0.3.1.tar.gz (17.3 kB view hashes)

Uploaded Source

Built Distribution

ruia-0.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (20.5 kB view hashes)

Uploaded Python 3

Supported by

AWS AWS Cloud computing and Security Sponsor Datadog Datadog Monitoring Fastly Fastly CDN Google Google Download Analytics Microsoft Microsoft PSF Sponsor Pingdom Pingdom Monitoring Sentry Sentry Error logging StatusPage StatusPage Status page