한국어 용언 분석기 (Korean Lemmatizer)

한국어의 동사와 형용사의 활용형 (surfacial form) 을 분석합니다. 한국어 용언 분석기는 다음의 기능을 제공합니다.

1. 입력된 단어를 어간 (stem) 과 어미 (eomi) 으로 분리
2. 입력된 단어를 원형으로 복원

이 패키지의 구현 원리는 github.io 블로그에 정리하였습니다.

Usage

analyze, lemmatize, conjugate

analyze function returns morphemes of the given predicator word

from soylemma import Lemmatizer

lemmatizer = Lemmatizer()
lemmatizer.analyze('차가우니까')

The return value forms list of tuples because there can be more than one morpheme combination.

[(('차갑', 'Adjective'), ('우니까', 'Eomi'))]

lemmatize function returns lemma of the given predicator word.

lemmatizer.lemmatize('차가우니까')

[('차갑다', 'Adjective')]

If the input word is not predicator such as Noun, it return empty list.

lemmatizer.lemmatize('한국어') # []

conjugate function returns surfacial form. You should put stem and eomi as arguments. It returns all possible surfacial forms for the given stem and eomi.

lemmatizer.conjugate(stem='차갑', eomi='우니까')
lemmatizer.conjugate('예쁘', '었던')

['차가우니까', '차갑우니까']
['예뻤던', '예쁘었던']

update dictionaries and rules

For demonstration, we use dictioanry demo.

어여뻤어 cannot be analyzed because the adjective 어여쁘 does not enrolled in dictionary.

from soylemma import Lemmatizer

lemmatizer = Lemmatizer(dictionary_name='demo')
print(lemmatizer.analyze('어여뻤어')) # []

So, we add the word with tag using add_words function. Do it again. Then you can see the word 어여뻤어 is analyzed.

lemmatizer.add_words('어여쁘', 'Adjective')
lemmatizer.analyze('어여뻤어')

[(('어여쁘', 'Adjective'), ('었어', 'Eomi'))]

However, the word 파랬다 is still not able to be analyzed because the lemmatization rule for surfacial form 랬 does not exist.

lemmatizer.analyze('파랬다') # []

So, in this time, we update additional lemmatization rules using add_lemma_rules function.

supplements = {
    '랬': {('랗', '았')}
}

lemmatizer.add_lemma_rules(supplements)

After that, we can see the word 파랬다 is analyzed, and also conjugation of 파랗 + 았다 is available.

lemmatizer.analyze('파랬다')
lemmatizer.conjugate('파랗', '았다')

[(('파랗', 'Adjective'), ('았다', 'Eomi'))]
['파랬다', '파랗았다']

debug on

If you wonder which subwords came up as candidates of (stem, eomi), use debug.

lemmatizer.analyze('파랬다', debug=True)

[DEBUG] word: 파랬다 = 파랗 + 았다, conjugation: 랬 = 랗 + 았
[(('파랗', 'Adjective'), ('았다', 'Eomi'))]

lemmatization rule extractor

You can extract lemmatization rule using extract_rule function.

from soylemma import extract_rule

eojeol = '로드무비였다'
lw = '로드무비이'
lt = 'Adjective'
rw = '었다'
rt = 'Eomi'

extract_rule(eojeol, lw, lt, rw, rt)

('였다', ('이', '었다'))