tinytuya 1.1.0

Python module to interface with Tuya WiFi smart devices

TinyTuya

Python module to interface with Tuya WiFi smart devices

Description

This python module to control and monitor WiFi Tuya compatible Smart Devices (Plugs, Switches, Lights, Window Covers, etc.). This is a compatible replacement for the pytuya PyPi module.

NOTE This module requires the devices to have already been activated by Smart Life App (or similar).

TinyTuya Setup

Install pip and python libraries if you haven't already.

# Install required libraries
 sudo apt-get install python-crypto python-pip  # for RPi, Linux
 python3 -m pip install pycryptodome            # or pycrypto or Crypto or pyaes
 python3 -m pip install tinytuya                # this module 

Tuya Device Preparation

Pulling data from Tuya devices on your network requires that you know the Device IP, ID, VERSION and LOCAL_KEY (for 3.3 devices). The tinytuya module has a built in network scanner that can be used to find Tuya Devices on your local network (provides IP, ID and VERSION). Starting with v1.1.0, tinytuya also has a built in setup Wizard that will poll the Tuya IoT Cloud Platform and print a JSON list of all your registered devices (provides Name, ID and LOCAL_KEY). The following steps will help you determine the settings for your Tuya devices:

Get the Tuya Device LOCAL_KEY

1. Download the "Smart Life" - Smart Living app for iPhone or Android. Pair with your smart plug (this is important as you cannot monitor a plug that has not been paired).
   • https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/smart-life-smart-living/id1115101477?mt=8
   • https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tuya.smartlife&hl=en
2. Get device IP, ID and VERSION: Run the tinytuya scan to get a list of Tuya devices on your network along with their device IP, ID and VERSION number (3.1 or 3.3)

   python3 -m tinytuya
   

3. Get device LOCAL_KEY: Devices running the latest protocol version 3.3 (e.g. Firmware 1.0.5 or above) will require a device LOCAL_KEY to read the status. Both 3.1 and 3.3 devices will require a device LOCAL_KEY to control the device. Follow these instructions to get the LOCAL_KEY:

• From iot.tuya.com
  • Create a Tuya Developer account on iot.tuya.com and log in.
  • Go to Cloud Development -> Create a project (note the Authorization Key: API ID and Secret for below)
  • Go to Cloud Development -> select your project -> Project Overview -> Linked Device -> Link devices by App Account (tab)
  • Click 'Add App Account' and it will display a QR code. Scan the QR code with the Smart Life app on your Phone (see step 1 above) by going to the "Me" tab in the Smart Life app and clicking on the QR code button [..] in the upper right hand corner of the app. When you scan the QR code, it will link all of the devices registered in your Smart Life app into your Tuya IoT project.
  • Verify under Cloud Development -> select your project -> API Setting that the following API groups have status "Open": Authorization management, Device Management and Device Control (see here)
• From your Local Workstation
  • From your PC/Mac run the TinyTuya Setup Wizard to fetch the Device LOCAL_KEYs for all of your registered devices:

  python3 -m tinytuya wizard
  

  • The Wizard will prompt you for the API ID key, API Secret, API Region (us, eu, cn or in) from your Tuya IoT project noted above. It will also ask for a sample Device ID. Use one from step 2 above or found in the Device List on your Tuya IoT project.
  • The Wizard will poll the Tuya IoT Platform and print a JSON list of all your registered devices with the "name", "id" and "key" of your registered device(s). The "key"s in this list are the Devices' LOCAL_KEY you will use to poll your device.
  • In addition to displaying the list of devices, Wizard will create a local file devices.json. TinyTuya will use this file to provide additional details to scan results from tinytuya.scanDevices() or when running python3 -m tinytuya to scan your local network.

Notes:

• If you ever reset or re-pair your smart devices, they will reset their LOCAL_KEY and you will need to repeat these steps above.
• The TinyTuya Wizard was inspired by the TuyAPI CLI which is an alternative way to fetch the LOCAL_KEYs: npm i @tuyapi/cli -g and run tuya-cli wizard
• For a helpful video walk-through of getting the LOCAL_KEYs you can also watch this great Tech With Eddie YouTube tutorial: https://youtu.be/oq0JL_wicKg.

Programming with TinyTuya

TinyTuya Module Classes and Functions

Global Functions
    devices = scanDevices()            # returns dictionary of devices found on local network
    scan()                             # interactive scan of local network
    wizard()                           # interactive setup wizard

Classes
    OutletDevice(dev_id, address, local_key=None, dev_type='default')
    CoverDevice(dev_id, address, local_key=None, dev_type='default')
    BulbDevice(dev_id, address, local_key=None, dev_type='default')

        dev_id (str): Device ID e.g. 01234567891234567890
        address (str): Device Network IP Address e.g. 10.0.1.99
        local_key (str, optional): The encryption key. Defaults to None.
        dev_type (str): Device type for payload options (see below)

 Functions
    json = status()                    # returns json payload from device
    set_version(version)               # 3.1 [default] or 3.3
    set_socketPersistent(False/True)   # False [default] or True
    set_socketNODELAY(False/True)      # False or True [default]
    set_socketRetryLimit(integer)      # retry count limit [default 5]
    set_dpsUsed(dpsUsed)               # set data points (DPs)
    set_retry(retry=True)              # retry if response payload is truncated
    set_status(on, switch=1)           # Set status of the device to 'on' or 'off' (bool)
    set_value(index, value)            # Set int value of any index.
    turn_on(switch=1):
    turn_off(switch=1):
    set_timer(num_secs):

    CoverDevice:
        open_cover(switch=1):  
        close_cover(switch=1):
        stop_cover(switch=1):

    BulbDevice
        set_colour(r, g, b):
        set_white(brightness, colourtemp):
        set_brightness(brightness):
        set_colourtemp(colourtemp):
        set_scene(scene):             # 1=nature, 3=rave, 4=rainbow
        result = brightness():
        result = colourtemp():
        (r, g, b) = colour_rgb():
        (h,s,v) = colour_hsv()
        result = state():

Example Usage

See the sample python script test.py for an OutletDevice example.

    import tinytuya

    d = tinytuya.OutletDevice('DEVICE_ID_HERE', 'IP_ADDRESS_HERE', 'LOCAL_KEY_HERE')
    d.set_version(3.3)
    data = d.status()  # NOTE this does NOT require a valid key vor version 3.1

    # Show status of first controlled switch on device
    print('Dictionary %r' % data)
    print('State (bool, true is ON) %r' % data['dps']['1'])  

    # Toggle switch state
    switch_state = data['dps']['1']
    data = d.set_status(not switch_state)  # This requires a valid key
    if data:
        print('set_status() result %r' % data)

    # On a switch that has 4 controllable ports, turn the fourth OFF (1 is the first)
    data = d.set_status(False, 4)
    if data:
        print('set_status() result %r' % data)
        print('set_status() extra %r' % data[20:-8])

Encryption notes

These devices uses AES encryption which is not available in the Python standard library. There are three options:

1. PyCryptodome (recommended)
2. PyCrypto
3. pyaes (note Python 2.x support requires https://github.com/ricmoo/pyaes/pull/13)

Scan Tool

The function tinytuya.scan() will listen to your local network (UDP 6666 and 6667) and identify Tuya devices broadcasting their IP, Device ID, ProductID and Version and will print that and their stats to stdout. This can help you get a list of compatible devices on your network. The tinytuya.deviceScan() function returns all found devices and their stats (via dictionary result).

You can run the scanner from the command line using this:

python -m tinytuya

By default, the scan functions will retry 15 times to find new devices. If you are not seeing all your devices, you can increase max_retries by passing an optional arguments (eg. 50 retries):

# command line
python -m tinytuya 50

# invoke verbose interactive scan
tinytuya.scan(50)

# return payload of devices
devices = tinytuya.deviceScan(false, 50)

Notes

• Tuya devices only allow one TCP connection at a time. Make sure you close the TuyaSmart or SmartLife app before using TinyTuya to connect.
• Some devices ship with older firmware that may not work with TinyTuya. If you're experiencing issues, please try updating the device's firmware in the official app.
• The LOCAL KEY for Tuya devices will change every time a device is removed and re-added to the TuyaSmart app. If you're getting decrypt errors, try getting the key again as it might have changed.

Tuya Data Points - DPS Table

The Tuya devices send back data points (DPS) also called device function points, in a json string. The DPS attributes define the state of the device. Each key in the DPS dictionary refers to key value pair, the key is the DP ID and its value is the dpValue. You can refer to the Tuya developer platform for definition of function points for the products.

The following table represents several of the standard Tuya DPS values and their properties.

Version 3.1 - Plug or Switch Type

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
1	Switch	bool	True/False
2	Countdown?	integer	0-86400	s
4	Current	integer	0-30000	mA
5	Power	integer	0-50000	W
6	Voltage	integer	0-5000	V

Version 3.3 - Plug, Switch, Power Strip Type

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
1	Switch 1	bool	True/False
2	Switch 2	bool	True/False
3	Switch 3	bool	True/False
4	Switch 4	bool	True/False
5	Switch 5	bool	True/False
6	Switch 6	bool	True/False
7	Switch 7/usb	bool	True/False
9	Countdown 1	integer	0-86400	s
10	Countdown 2	integer	0-86400	s
11	Countdown 3	integer	0-86400	s
12	Countdown 4	integer	0-86400	s
13	Countdown 5	integer	0-86400	s
14	Countdown 6	integer	0-86400	s
15	Countdown 7	integer	0-86400	s
17	Add Electricity	integer	0-50000	kwh
18	Current	integer	0-30000	mA
19	Power	integer	0-50000	W
20	Voltage	integer	0-5000	V
21	Test Bit	integer	0-5	n/a
22	Voltage coe	integer	0-1000000
23	Current coe	integer	0-1000000
24	Power coe	integer	0-1000000
25	Electricity coe	integer	0-1000000
26	Fault	fault	ov_cr

Version 3.3 - Dimmer Switch

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
1	Switch	bool	True/False
2	Brightness	integer	10-1000
3	Minimum of Brightness	integer	10-1000
4	Type of light source1	enum	LED,incandescent,halogen
5	Mode	enum	white

Version 3.3 - Light Type (RGB)

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
20	Switch	bool	True/False
21	Mode	enum	white,colour,scene,music
22	Bright	integer	10-1000
23	Color Temp	integer	0-1000
24	Color	string	n/a
25	Scene	string	n/a
26	Left time	integer	0-86400	s
27	Music	string	n/a
28	Debugger	string	n/a
29	Debug	string	n/a

Version 3.3 - Automated Curtain Type

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
1	Curtain Switch 1	enum	open, stop, close, continue
2	Percent control 1	integer	0-100	%
3	Accurate Calibration 1	enum	start, end
4	Curtain Switch 2	enum	open, stop, close, continue
5	Percent control 2	integer	0-100
6	Accurate Calibration 2	enum	start, end
8	Motor Steer 1	enum	forward, back
9	Motor steer 2	enum	forward, back
10	Quick Calibration 1	integer	1-180	s
11	Quick Calibration 2	integer	1-180	s
12	Motor Mode 1	enum	strong_power, dry_contact
13	Motor Mode 2	enum	strong_power, dry_contact
14	Light mode	enum	relay, pos, none

Version 3.3 - Fan Switch Type

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
1	Fan switch	bool	True/False	n/a
2	Fan countdown	integer	0-86400	s
3	Fan speed	enum	level_1, level_2, level_3, level_4, level_5
4	Fan speed	integer	1-100	%
5	Fan light switch	bool	True/False
6	Brightness integer	integer	10-1000
7	Fan light countdown	integer	0-86400
8	Minimum brightness	integer	10-1000
9	Maximum brightness	integer	10-1000
10	Mode	enum	white
11	Power-on state setting	enum	off, on, memory
12	Indicator status setting	enum	none, relay, pos
13	Backlight switch	bool	True/False

Version 3.3 - Sensor Type

DP ID	Function Point	Type	Range	Units
1	Door Sensor	bool	True/False
2	Battery level state	enum	low, middle, high
3	Battery level	integer	0-100	%
4	Temper alarm	bool	True/False
5	Flooding Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
6	Luminance detection state	enum	low, middle, high, strong
7	Current Luminance	integer	0-100	%
8	Current Temperature	integer	400-2000
9	Current Humidity	integer	0-100	%
10	Shake State	enum	normal, vibration, drop, tilt
11	Pressure State	enum	alarm, normal
12	PIR state	enum	pir, none
13	Smoke Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
14	Smoke value	integer	0-1000
15	Alarm Volume	enum	low, middle, high, mute
16	Alarm Ringtone	enum	1, 2, 3, 4, 5
17	Alarm Time	integer	0-60	s
18	Auto-Detect	bool	True/False
19	Auto-Detect Result	enum	checking, check_success, check_failure, others
20	Preheat	bool	True/False
21	Fault Alarm	fault	fault, serious_fault, sensor_fault, probe_fault, power_fault	Barrier
22	Lifecycle	bool	True/False
23	Alarm Switch	bool	True/False
24	Silence	bool	True/False
25	Gas Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
26	Detected Gas	integer	0-1000
27	CH4 Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
28	CH4 value	integer	0-1000
29	Alarm state	enum	alarm_sound, alarm_light, alarm_sound_light, normal
30	VOC Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
31	VOC value	integer	0-999
32	PM2.5 state	enum	alarm, normal
33	PM2.5 value	integer	0-999
34	CO state	enum	alarm, normal
35	CO value	integer	0-1000
36	CO2 Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
37	CO2 value	integer	0-1000
38	Formaldehyde Detection State	enum	alarm, normal
39	CH2O value	integer	0-1000
40	Master mode	enum	disarmed, arm, home, sos
41	Air quality index	enum	level_1, level_2, level_3, level_4, level_5, level_6

Tuya References

• Tuya Hardware Development - Protocol: https://developer.tuya.com/en/docs/iot/device-development/embedded-software-development/mcu-development-access/wifi-mcu-sdk-solution/tuya-cloud-universal-serial-port-access-protocol?id=K9hhi0xxtn9cb
• TuyaMCU listing of Tuya DP IDs: https://tasmota.github.io/docs/TuyaMCU/#switches-or-plugspower-strips

Credits

• TuyaAPI https://github.com/codetheweb/tuyapi by codetheweb and blackrozes For protocol reverse engineering, additional protocol reverse engineering from jepsonrob and clach04
• PyTuya https://github.com/clach04/python-tuya by clach04 The origin of this python module (now abandoned), nijave pycryptodome support and testing, Exilit for unittests and docstrings, mike-gracia for improved Python version support, samuscherer for RGB Bulb support, magneticflux for improved Python version support, sean6541 for initial PyPi package and Home Assistant support https://github.com/sean6541/tuya-homeassistant, ziirish - for resolving a dependency problem related to version numbers at install time
• https://github.com/rospogrigio/localtuya-homeassistant by rospogrigio Updated pytuya to support devices with Device IDs of 22 characters

Related Projects

• https://github.com/sean6541/tuyaapi Python API to the web api
• https://github.com/codetheweb/tuyapi node.js
• https://github.com/Marcus-L/m4rcus.TuyaCore - .NET
• https://github.com/SDNick484/rectec_status/ - RecTec pellet smokers control (with Alexa skill)