An easy (and up to date) way to access Twitter data with Python.
Project description
Twython is library providing an easy (and up-to-date) way to access Twitter data in Python
Features
- Query data for:
User information
Twitter lists
Timelines
Direct Messages
and anything found in the docs
- Image Uploading!
Update user status with an image
Change user avatar
Change user background image
Change user banner image
Installation
pip install twython
… or, you can clone the repo and install it the old fashioned way
git clone git://github.com/ryanmcgrath/twython.git cd twython sudo python setup.py install
Usage
Handling the callback
from twython import Twython # oauth_token_secret comes from the previous step # if needed, store that in a session variable or something. # oauth_verifier and oauth_token from the previous call is now REQUIRED # to pass to get_authorized_tokens # In Django, to get the oauth_verifier and oauth_token from the callback # url querystring, you might do something like this: # oauth_token = request.GET.get('oauth_token') # oauth_verifier = request.GET.get('oauth_verifier') t = Twython(app_key, app_secret, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret) auth_tokens = t.get_authorized_tokens(oauth_verifier) print auth_tokens
Function definitions (i.e. getHomeTimeline()) can be found by reading over twython/endpoints.py
Getting a user home timeline
from twython import Twython # oauth_token and oauth_token_secret are the final tokens produced # from the 'Handling the callback' step t = Twython(app_key, app_secret, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret) # Returns an dict of the user home timeline print t.getHomeTimeline()
Catching exceptions
Twython offers three Exceptions currently: TwythonError, TwythonAuthError and TwythonRateLimitError
from twython import Twython, TwythonAuthError t = Twython(MY_WRONG_APP_KEY, MY_WRONG_APP_SECRET, BAD_OAUTH_TOKEN, BAD_OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET) try: t.verifyCredentials() except TwythonAuthError as e: print e
Streaming API
Usage is as follows; it’s designed to be open-ended enough that you can adapt it to higher-level (read: Twitter must give you access) streams.
from twython import Twython def on_results(results): """A callback to handle passed results. Wheeee. """ print results Twython.stream({ 'username': 'your_username', 'password': 'your_password', 'track': 'python' }, on_results)
Notes
Twython (as of 2.7.0) is currently in the process of ONLY supporting Twitter v1.1 endpoints and deprecating all v1 endpoints! Please see the Twitter API Documentation to help migrate your API calls!
Twython && Django
If you’re using Twython with Django, there’s a sample project showcasing OAuth and such [that can be found here](https://github.com/ryanmcgrath/twython-django). Feel free to peruse!
Development of Twython (specifically, 1.3)
As of version 1.3, Twython has been extensively overhauled. Most API endpoint definitions are stored in a separate Python file, and the class itself catches calls to methods that match up in said table.
Certain functions require a bit more legwork, and get to stay in the main file, but for the most part it’s all abstracted out.
As of Twython 1.3, the syntax has changed a bit as well. Instead of Twython.core, there’s a main Twython class to import and use. If you need to catch exceptions, import those from twython as well.
Arguments to functions are now exact keyword matches for the Twitter API documentation - that means that whatever query parameter arguments you read on Twitter’s documentation (http://dev.twitter.com/doc) gets mapped as a named argument to any Twitter function.
For example: the search API looks for arguments under the name “q”, so you pass q=”query_here” to search().
Doing this allows us to be incredibly flexible in querying the Twitter API, so changes to the API aren’t held up from you using them by this library.
Twython 3k
Full compatiabilty with Python 3 is now available seamlessly in the main Twython package. The Twython 3k package has been removed as of Twython 2.8.0
Questions, Comments, etc?
My hope is that Twython is so simple that you’d never have to ask any questions, but if you feel the need to contact me for this (or other) reasons, you can hit me up at ryan@venodesigns.net.
You can also follow me on Twitter - @ryanmcgrath
Want to help?
Twython is useful, but ultimately only as useful as the people using it (say that ten times fast!). If you’d like to help, write example code, contribute patches, document things on the wiki, tweet about it. Your help is always appreciated!
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