undouble 1.2.0

Python package undouble

undouble

Python package undouble is to detect (near-)identical images.

The aim of undouble is to detect (near-)identical images. It works using a multi-step process of pre-processing the images (grayscaling, normalizing, and scaling), computing the image hash, and the grouping of images. A threshold of 0 will group images with an identical image hash. The results can easily be explored by the plotting functionality and images can be moved with the move functionality. When moving images, the image in the group with the largest resolution will be copied, and all other images are moved to the "undouble" subdirectory. In case you want to cluster your images, I would recommend reading the blog and use the clustimage library.

The following steps are taken in the undouble library:

• 1. Read recursively all images from directory with the specified extensions.
• 2. Compute image hash.
• 3. Group similar images.
• 4. Move if desired.

Installation

• Install undouble from PyPI (recommended). undouble is compatible with Python 3.6+ and runs on Linux, MacOS X and Windows.
• A new environment can be created as following:

conda create -n env_undouble python=3.8
conda activate env_undouble

pip install undouble            # new install
pip install -U undouble         # update to latest version

• Alternatively, you can install from the GitHub source:

# Directly install from github source
pip install -e git://github.com/erdogant/undouble.git@0.1.0#egg=master
pip install git+https://github.com/erdogant/undouble#egg=master
pip install git+https://github.com/erdogant/undouble

# By cloning
git clone https://github.com/erdogant/undouble.git
cd undouble
pip install -U .

Import undouble package

from undouble import Undouble

Example:

# Import library
from undouble import Undouble

# Init with default settings
model = Undouble(method='phash', hash_size=8)

# Import example data
targetdir = model.import_example(data='flowers')

# Importing the files files from disk, cleaning and pre-processing
model.import_data(targetdir)

# Compute image-hash
model.compute_hash()

# [undouble] >INFO> Store examples at [./undouble/data]..
# [undouble] >INFO> Downloading [flowers] dataset from github source..
# [undouble] >INFO> Extracting files..
# [undouble] >INFO> [214] files are collected recursively from path: [./undouble/data/flower_images]
# [undouble] >INFO> Reading and checking images.
# [undouble] >INFO> Reading and checking images.
# 100%|██████████| 214/214 [00:02<00:00, 96.56it/s]
# [undouble] >INFO> Extracting features using method: [phash]
# 100%|██████████| 214/214 [00:00<00:00, 3579.14it/s]
# [undouble] >INFO> Build adjacency matrix with phash differences.
# [undouble] >INFO> Extracted features using [phash]: (214, 214)
# 100%|██████████| 214/214 [00:00<00:00, 129241.33it/s]


# Find images with image-hash <= threshold
model.group(threshold=0)

# [undouble] >INFO> Number of groups with similar images detected: 3
# [undouble] >INFO> [3] groups are detected for [7] images.

# Plot the images
model.plot()

# Move the images
model.move()

# -------------------------------------------------
# >You are at the point of physically moving files.
# -------------------------------------------------
# >[7] similar images are detected over [3] groups.
# >[4] images will be moved to the [undouble] subdirectory.
# >[3] images will be copied to the [undouble] subdirectory.

# >[C]ontinue moving all files.
# >[W]ait in each directory.
# >[Q]uit
# >Answer: w

Three types of input to read the images

The input for the function import_data can be three different types:

* Path to directory
* List of file locations
* Numpy array containing images

# Import library
from undouble import Undouble

# Init with default settings
model = Undouble(method='phash', hash_size=16)

# Import data; Pathnames to the images.
input_list_of_files = model.import_example(data='flowers')

# Import data; Directory to read.
input_directory, _ = os.path.split(input_list_of_files[0])
print(input_directory)
# '.\\undouble\\undouble\\data\\flower_images'

# Import data; numpy array containing images.
input_img_array = model.import_example(data='mnist')

# Importing the files files from disk, cleaning and pre-processing
model.import_data(input_list_of_files)
model.import_data(input_directory)
model.import_data(input_img_array)

# Compute image-hash
model.compute_hash()

# Find images with image-hash <= threshold
model.group(threshold=0)

# Plot the images
model.plot()

# Move the images
# model.move()

Finding identical mnist digits.

# Import library
from undouble import Undouble

# Init with default settings
model = Undouble()

# Import example data
targetdir = model.import_example(data='mnist')

# Importing the files files from disk, cleaning and pre-processing
model.import_data(targetdir)

# Compute image-hash
model.compute_hash(method='phash', hash_size=32)

# Find images with image-hash <= threshold
model.group(threshold=0)

# Plot the images
model.plot()

References

• https://github.com/erdogant/undouble

Citation

Please cite in your publications if this is useful for your research (see citation).

Maintainers

• Erdogan Taskesen, github: erdogant

Contribute

• All kinds of contributions are welcome!
• If you wish to buy me a Coffee for this work, it is very appreciated :)

Licence

See LICENSE for details.

Other interesting stuf

• https://ourcodeworld.com/articles/read/1006/how-to-determine-whether-2-images-are-equal-or-not-with-the-perceptual-hash-in-python
• https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2017/11/27/image-hashing-opencv-python/
• https://github.com/JohannesBuchner/imagehash
• https://ourcodeworld.com/articles/read/1006/how-to-determine-whether-2-images-are-equal-or-not-with-the-perceptual-hash-in-python
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64994057/python-image-hashing
• https://towardsdatascience.com/how-to-cluster-images-based-on-visual-similarity-cd6e7209fe34