Requirements

• Python – one of the following:

  • CPython : 3.6 and newer

  • PyPy : Latest 3.x version

• MySQL Server – one of the following:

  • MySQL >= 5.6

  • MariaDB >= 10.0

Installation

Package is uploaded on PyPI.

You can install it with pip:

$ python3 -m pip install PyMySQL

To use “sha256_password” or “caching_sha2_password” for authenticate, you need to install additional dependency:

$ python3 -m pip install PyMySQL[rsa]

To use MariaDB’s “ed25519” authentication method, you need to install additional dependency:

$ python3 -m pip install PyMySQL[ed25519]

Documentation

Documentation is available online: https://pymysql.readthedocs.io/

For support, please refer to the StackOverflow.

Example

The following examples make use of a simple table

CREATE TABLE `users` (
    `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `email` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
    `password` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin
AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

import pymysql.cursors

# Connect to the database
connection = pymysql.connect(host='localhost',
                             user='user',
                             password='passwd',
                             database='db',
                             cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)

with connection:
    with connection.cursor() as cursor:
        # Create a new record
        sql = "INSERT INTO `users` (`email`, `password`) VALUES (%s, %s)"
        cursor.execute(sql, ('webmaster@python.org', 'very-secret'))

    # connection is not autocommit by default. So you must commit to save
    # your changes.
    connection.commit()

    with connection.cursor() as cursor:
        # Read a single record
        sql = "SELECT `id`, `password` FROM `users` WHERE `email`=%s"
        cursor.execute(sql, ('webmaster@python.org',))
        result = cursor.fetchone()
        print(result)

This example will print:

{'password': 'very-secret', 'id': 1}

Resources

• DB-API 2.0: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/

• MySQL Reference Manuals: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/

• MySQL client/server protocol: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/client-server-protocol.html

• “Connector” channel in MySQL Community Slack: https://lefred.be/mysql-community-on-slack/

• PyMySQL mailing list: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/pymysql-users

License

PyMySQL is released under the MIT License. See LICENSE for more information.