apiritif 1.1.3

Python framework for API testing

Apiritif

Apiritif is a number of utilities aimed to simplify the process of maintaining API tests. Apiritif tests fully based on python nose tests. This library can help you to develop and run your existing tests. In order to create any valid tests for Apiritif you can read nose test documentation.

Check Apiritif version with the following command:

python -m apiritif -- version

Here described some features of Apiritif which can help you to create tests more easily.

Overview

HTTP Requests

Apiritif allows to use simple requests-like API for making HTTP requests.

from apiritif import http

response = http.get("http://example.com")
response.assert_ok()  # will raise AssertionError if request wasn't successful

http object provides the following methods:

from apiritif import http

http.get("http://api.example.com/posts")
http.post("http://api.example.com/posts")
http.put("http://api.example.com/posts/1")
http.patch("http://api.example.com/posts/1")
http.delete("http://api.example.com/posts/1")
http.head("http://api.example.com/posts")

All methods (get, post, put, patch, delete, head) support the following arguments:

def get(address,               # URL for the request
        params=None,           # URL params dict
        headers=None,          # HTTP headers
        cookies=None,          # request cookies
        data=None,             # raw request data
        json=None,             # attach JSON object as request body
        encrypted_cert=None,   # certificate to use with request 
        allow_redirects=True,  # automatically follow HTTP redirects
        timeout=30)            # request timeout, by default it's 30 seconds

Certificate usage

Currently http supports pem and pkcs12 certificates. Here is an example of certificate usage:

http.get("http://api.example.com/posts", encrypted_cert=('./cert.pem', 'passphrase'))

First parameter is path to certificate, second is the passphrase certificate encrypted with.

HTTP Targets

Target is an object that captures resource name of the URL (protocol, domain, port) and allows to set some settings applied to all requests made for a target.

from apiritif import http

qa_env = http.target("http://192.160.0.2")
qa_env.get("/api/v4/user")
qa_env.get("/api/v4/user")

Target constructor supports the following options:

target = apiritif.http.target(
    address,               # target base address
    base_path=None,        # base path prepended to all paths (e.g. '/api/v2')
    use_cookies=True,      # use cookies
    additional_headers=None,  # additional headers for all requests
    keep_alive=True,       # reuse opened HTTP connection
    auto_assert_ok=True,   # automatically invoke 'assert_ok' after each request
)

Assertions

Apiritif responses provide a lot of useful assertions that can be used on responses.

Here's the list of assertions that can be used:

response = http.get("http://example.com/")

# assert that request succeeded (status code is 2xx or 3xx)
response.assert_ok()
# assert that request has failed
response.assert_failed()

# status code based assertions
response.assert_2xx()
response.assert_3xx()
response.assert_4xx()
response.assert_5xx()
response.assert_status_code(code)
response.assert_not_status_code(code)
response.assert_status_code_in(codes)

# content-based assertions

# assert that response body contains a string
response.assert_in_body(member)

# assert that response body doesn't contain a string
response.assert_not_in_body(member)

# search (or match) response body with a regex
response.assert_regex_in_body(regex, match=False)
response.assert_regex_not_in_body(regex, match=False)

# assert that response has header
response.assert_has_header(header)

# assert that response has header with given value
response.assert_header_value(header, value)

# assert that response's headers contains a string
response.assert_in_headers(member)
response.assert_not_in_headers(member)

# search (or match) response body with a regex
response.assert_regex_in_headers(member)
response.assert_regex_not_in_headers(member)

# assert that response body matches JSONPath query
response.assert_jsonpath(jsonpath_query, expected_value=None)
response.assert_not_jsonpath(jsonpath_query)

# assert that response body matches XPath query
response.assert_xpath(xpath_query, parser_type='html', validate=False)
response.assert_not_xpath(xpath_query, parser_type='html', validate=False)

# assert that HTML response body contains CSS selector item
response.assert_cssselect(selector, expected_value=None, attribute=None)
response.assert_not_cssselect(selector, expected_value=None, attribute=None)

Note that assertions can be chained, so the following construction is entirely valid:

response = http.get("http://example.com/")
response.assert_ok().assert_in_body("Example")

Transactions

Apiritif allows to group multiple requests or actions into a transaction using a transaction context manager. For example when we have test action like bellow we want to execute requests according to concrete user as a separate piece. Also we want to process test for users/all page even if something wrong with previous actions.

def test_with_login():
    user_credentials = data_mock.get_my_user()
    http.get("https://blazedemo.com/user/login?id="+user_credentials.id).assert_ok()
    http.get("https://blazedemo.com/user/id/personalPage").assert_ok()
    http.get("https://blazedemo.com/user/id/getPersonalData").assert_ok()

    http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/all").assert_ok()

Here where we can use transaction in order to wrap login process in one block.

def test_with_login():
    with apiritif.transaction('Login'):
        user_credentials = data_mock.get_my_user()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/user/login?id="+user_credentials.id).assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/user/id/personalPage").assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/user/id/getPersonalData").assert_ok()

    http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/all").assert_ok()

At the same time requests to users/all page will be executed outside of transaction even if something inside transaction fails.

Transaction defines the name for the block of code. This name with execution results of this particular block will be displayed in the output report.

Smart transactions

smart_transaction is advanced option for test flow control (stop or continue after failed test method). Let see another test method example:

class Tests(TestCase):
    def test_available_pages():
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/").assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users").assert_ok()
    
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/search").assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/count").assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/login").assert_ok()

        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/contactUs").assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/copyright").assert_ok()

In this case we have multiple requests divided into blocks. I do not want to test pages under users space if it is not available. For this purpose we can use smart_transaction.

class Tests(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        apiritif.put_into_thread_store(func_mode=True)
    
    def test_available_pages():
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/").assert_ok()

        with apiritif.smart_transaction('Availability check'):
            http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users").assert_ok()
    
        with apiritif.smart_transaction('Test users pages'):
            http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/search").assert_ok()
            http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/count").assert_ok()
            http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/login").assert_ok()

        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/contactUs").assert_ok()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/copyright").assert_ok()

Now this two blocks are wrapped into smart_transaction which would help with error test flow handling and logging.

Also each transaction defines the name for the block of code and will be displayed in the output report.

Now about apiritif.put_into_thread_store(func_mode=True), this is test execution mode for apiritif. We can execute all of the transactions in test no matter what or stop after first failed transaction. This flag tells to apiritif "Stop execution if some transaction failed". False says "Run till the end in any case".

Nose Flow Control

It's one more feature based on smart transactions. It changes func_mode if necessary to execute whole teardown block, intended to finalize all necessary things.

def test_flow-control(self):
        try:
            self._method_with_exception()
            self._skipped_method()
        finally:
            apiritif.set_stage("teardown")
            self._teardown1()
            self._teardown2()

If this test will be interrupted in _method_with_exception, both of teardown methods will be executed even if them raise exception. Please note two differences with usage of tearDown method of nose:

1. all parts of teardown stage will be executed as mentioned above (will be interrupted in regular nose execution)
2. results of teardown steps will be written by apiritif SampleWriter into output file (nose lost them as tearDown isn't recognised as test).

Graceful shutdown

Somethimes waiting of end of test isn't necessary and we prefer to break it but save all current results and handle all teardown steps. (see above) It's possible with GRACEFUL flag. To use it you can run apiritif with GRACEFUL environment variable pointed to any file name. Apiritif will be interrupted as soon as the file is created.

CSV Reader

In order to use data from csv file as test parameters Apiritif provides two different csv readers. Simple CSVReader helps you to read data from file line by line and use this data wherever you need:

data_reader = apiritif.CSVReader('---path to required file---')
class Tests(TestCase):
    def test_user_page():
        data_reader.read_vars()
        vars = data_reader.get_vars()
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/" + vars.user_id).assert_ok()

In case of multithreading testing you may need to deviate data between threads and ysu uniq lines for each thread. CSVReaderPerThread helps to solve this problem:

data_per_thread_reader = apiritif.CSVReaderPerThread('---path to required file---')
class Tests(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        data_per_thread_reader.read_vars()
        self.vars = data_per_thread_reader.get_vars()
    
    def test_user_page():
        http.get("https://blazedemo.com/users/" + self.vars.user_id).assert_ok()

Execution results

Apiritif writes output data from tests in apiritif.#.csv files by default. Here # is number of executing process. The output file is similar to this:

timeStamp,elapsed,Latency,label,responseCode,responseMessage,success,allThreads,bytes
1602759519185,0,0,Correct test,,,true,0,2
1602759519186,0,0,Correct transaction,,,true,0,2
1602759519187,0,0,Test with exception,,Exception: Horrible error,false,0,2

It contains test and transaction results for executed tests by one process.

Environment Variables

There are environment variables to control length of response/request body to be written into traces and logs:

• APIRITIF_TRACE_BODY_EXCLIMIT - limit of body part to include into exception messages, default is 1024
• APIRITIF_TRACE_BODY_HARDLIMIT - limit of body length to include into JSON trace records, default is unlimited