cmake-pre-commit-hooks 1.4.1.dev18

pre-commit hooks for CMake based projects

pre-commit hooks

This is a pre-commit hooks repo that integrates C/C++ linters/formatters to work with CMake-based projects.

clang-format, clang-tidy, cppcheck, cpplint, lizard and iwyu

It is largely based on the work found here. The main difference with POCC's pre-commit hooks is that the ones from this repository will do a CMake configuration step prior to running any pre-commit hooks. This is done in order to have CMake generate the compilation database file that can then be used by the various hooks (using the -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON CMake option).

This repository is only has Python-based pre-commit hooks.

Current known issues

Currently, the hooks that depend on having a compilation database generated by CMake (e.g. clang-tidy, cppcheck) are not working on Windows if you are not using the Ninja or Makefile generators.

Example usage

Assuming that you have the following directory structure for your projects

root
├── .pre-commit-config.yaml
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── src
    └── err.cpp

with the following file contents:

.pre-commit-config.yaml

repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/Takishima/cmake-pre-commit-hooks
    rev: 1.0.0
    hooks:
      - id: clang-format
      - id: clang-tidy
        args: [--checks=readability-magic-numbers,--warnings-as-errors=*]
      - id: cppcheck
      - id: include-what-you-use

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
project(LANGUAGE CXX)
add_library(mylib STATIC src/err.cpp)

src/err.cpp

#include <string>
int main() { int i; return 10; }

Runnning pre-commit on the above project will lead to an output similar to this one:

$ pre-commit run --all-files
clang-format.............................................................Failed
- hook id: clang-format
- exit code: 1

src/err.cpp
====================
<  int main() { int i; return 10; }
---
>  int main() {
>    int i;
>    return 10;
>  }

clang-tidy...............................................................Failed
- hook id: clang-tidy
- exit code: 1

/tmp/temp/src/err.cpp:2:28: error: 10 is a magic number; consider replacing it with a named constant [readability-magic-numbers,-warnings-as-errors]
int main() { int i; return 10; }
                           ^

cppcheck.................................................................Failed
- hook id: cppcheck
- exit code: 1

/tmp/temp/src/err.cpp:2:18: style: Unused variable: i [unusedVariable]
int main() { int i; return 10; }
                 ^
include-what-you-use.....................................................Failed
- hook id: include-what-you-use
- exit code: 1

Problem with /usr/local/bin/iwyu_tool.py: Include-What-You-Use violations found

/tmp/temp/src/err.cpp should add these lines:
/tmp/temp/src/err.cpp should remove these lines:
- #include <string>  // lines 1-1
The full include-list for /tmp/temp/src/err.cpp:
---

Note that your mileage may vary depending on the version of the tools. The example above was generated using clang-format 12.0.0, clang-tidy 12.0.0, cppcheck 2.4.1 and include-what-you-use 0.16.

Using the Hooks

Python 3.6+ is required to use these hooks as all 3 invoking scripts are written in it. As this is also the minimum version of pre-commit, this should not be an issue.

Running multiple hooks in parallel is currently supported by using the fastener Python package. If the hooks are run in parallel, only one of the hooks will run the CMake configure step while the others will simply wait until the call to CMake ends to continue. In the case where the hooks are run serially, all the hooks will be running the CMake configure step. However, if nothing changed in your CMake configuration, this should not cost too much time.

Installation

For installing the various utilities, refer to your package manager documentation. Some guidance can also be found here.

Hook Info

Hook Info	Type	Languages
clang-format	Formatter	C, C++, ObjC
clang-tidy	Static code analyzer	C, C++, ObjC
cppcheck	Static code analyzer	C, C++
cpplint	Static code analyzer	C, C++
include-what-you-use	Static code analyzer	C, C++
lizard	code complexity analyzer	C/C++, ObjC, ...

Hook options

Since v1.1.0 all hooks that depend on a compilation database (e.g. clang-tidy, cppcheck, include-what-you-use) will attempt to generate a CMake build directory before running the actual command.

These hooks accept all the most common CMake options:

CMake options	Description
-S <path-to-source>	Explicitly specify a source directory.
-B <path-to-build>	Explicitly specify a build directory.
-D <var>[:<type>]=<value>	Create or update a cmake cache entry.
-U <globbing_expr>	Remove matching entries from CMake cache.
-G <generator-name>	Specify a build system generator.
-T <toolset-name>	Specify toolset name if supported by generator.
-A <platform-name>	Specify platform name if supported by generator.
-Wdev	Enable developer warnings.
-Wno-dev	Suppress developer warnings.
-Werror=dev	Make developer warnings errors.
-Wno-error=dev	Make developer warnings not errors.

One important thing to note (particularly for those that intend to use this on CIs), you may specify the build directory argument (-B) multiple times. The hooks will then simply cycle through all of the values provided and choose the first directory that contains a configured CMake project (by looking at the presence of the CMakeCache.txt file). This may be useful if you already have a build directory available somewhere that you would like to re-use. In the case where none of the provided options is viable, the first one will automatically be selected as the build directory.

In addition to the above CMake options, the hooks also accept the following:

Other hook options	Description	Note
--all-at-once	Pass all filenames to the command at once	Since v1.4.0
--cmake	Specify path to CMake executable	Since v1.4.0
--debug	Enable debug output	Since v1.3.0
--linux	Linux-only CMake options	Since v1.3.0
--mac	MacOS-only CMake options	Since v1.3.0
--win	Windows-only CMake options	Since v1.3.0

NB: by specifying --all-at-once the linter/formatter command will only be called once for all the files instead of calling the command once per file.

Usage example:

repos:
- repo: https://github.com/Takishima/cmake-pre-commit-hooks
  rev: 1.0.0
  hooks:
    - id: cppcheck
      args: [-DBUILD_TESTING=ON,
             --unix="-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++-10",
             --win="-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=cl.exe"
             -Bpath/to/build_dir,
             -Bpath/to/other_build_dir,
             -Spath/to/src_dir
             ]

In the example above, the any hooks requiring a compilation database will first search for a build directory path/to/build_dir and then path/to/other_build_dir. If any of those is deemed valid (ie. is a CMake build directory that contains some CMake cache files), then it will be used. If none qualify, the hooks will default to using path/to/build_dir as a build directory, creating it as necessary.

Also, builds on Linux and MacOS will set the C++ compiler to g++-10, while builds on Windows will be using cl.exe. This is done by looking at the value returned by platform.system().

Hook Option Comparison

Hook Options	Fix In Place	Enable all Checks	Set key/value
clang-format	-i
clang-tidy	--fix-errors [1]	-checks=* -warnings-as-errors=* [2]
cppcheck		-enable=all
include-what-you-use

[1]: -fix will fail if there are compiler errors. -fix-errors will -fix and fix compiler errors if it can, like missing semicolons.

[2]: Be careful with -checks=*. can have self-contradictory rules in newer versions of llvm (9+): modernize wants to use trailing return type but Fuchsia disallows it.

The '--' doubledash option

Options after -- like -std=c++11 will be interpreted correctly for clang-tidy. Make sure they sequentially follow the -- argument in the hook's args list.

Standalone Hooks

If you want to have predictable return codes for your C linters outside of pre-commit, these hooks are available via PyPI. Install it with pip install cmake-pre-commit-hooks. They are named as cmake-pc-$cmd-hook, so clang-format becomes cmake-pc-clang-format-hook.