django-guardian

django-guardian is an implementation of per-object permissions on top of Django’s authorization backend. Read an introduction to per-object permissions on djangoadvent articles.

Documentation

Online documentation is available at https://django-guardian.readthedocs.io/.

See real-world usage: Check out Who Uses Guardian to see how thousands of projects worldwide use django-guardian in production.

Installation

To install django-guardian into your project run:

uv add django-guardian

TIP: Not using a package manager like uv or poetry for your django project? You probably should try them :). In the meantime, pip install django-guardian works just fine too.

Configuration

We need to hook django-guardian into our project.

Put guardian into your INSTALLED_APPS at settings module:

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    ...
    'guardian',
)

Add extra authorization backend to your settings.py:

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
    'guardian.backends.ObjectPermissionBackend',
)

Create guardian database tables by running:

python manage.py migrate

Usage

After installation and project hooks we can finally use object permissions with Django.

Lets start really quickly:

>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
>>> jack = User.objects.create_user('jack', 'jack@example.com', 'topsecretagentjack')
>>> admins = Group.objects.create(name='admins')
>>> jack.has_perm('change_group', admins)
False
>>> from guardian.shortcuts import assign_perm
>>> assign_perm('change_group', jack, obj=admins)
<UserObjectPermission: admins | jack | change_group>
>>> jack.has_perm('change_group', admins)
True

Of course our agent jack here would not be able to change_group globally:

>>> jack.has_perm('change_group')
False

Admin integration

Replace admin.ModelAdmin with GuardedModelAdmin for those models which should have object permissions support within admin panel.

For example:

from django.contrib import admin
from myapp.models import Author
from guardian.admin import GuardedModelAdmin

# Old way:
#class AuthorAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
#    pass

# With object permissions support
class AuthorAdmin(GuardedModelAdmin):
    pass

admin.site.register(Author, AuthorAdmin)

Django Unfold integration

Users of django-unfold will find that guardian is supported out of the box via a contrib module.

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