kinto-attachment 6.3.1

Attach files to Kinto records

Attach files to Kinto records.

Install

pip install kinto-attachment

Setup

In the Kinto project settings

kinto.includes = kinto_attachment
kinto.attachment.base_url = http://cdn.service.org/files/

Local File storage

Store files locally:

kinto.attachment.base_path = /tmp

S3 File Storage

Store on Amazon S3:

kinto.attachment.aws.access_key = <AWS access key>
kinto.attachment.aws.secret_key = <AWS secret key>
kinto.attachment.aws.bucket_name = <bucket name>
kinto.attachment.aws.acl = <AWS ACL permissions|public-read>

Note

access_key and secret_key may be omitted when using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM).

See Pyramid Storage.

Google Cloud Storage

kinto.attachment.gcloud.credentials = <Path to the Service Accounts credentials JSON file>
kinto.attachment.gcloud.bucket_name = <bucket name>
kinto.attachment.gcloud.acl = publicRead

See Google Cloud ACL permissions

The folder option

With this option, the files will be stored in sub-folders.

Use the {bucket_id} and {collection_id} placeholders to organize the files by bucket or collection.

kinto.attachment.folder = {bucket_id}/{collection_id}

Or only for a particular bucket:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.folder = blog-assets

Or a specific collection:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.articles.folder = articles-images

The keep_old_files option

When set to true, the files won’t be deleted from disk/S3 when the associated record is deleted or when the attachment replaced.

kinto.attachment.keep_old_files = true

Or only for a particular bucket:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.keep_old_files = false

Or a specific collection:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.articles.keep_old_files = true

The gzipped option

If you want uploaded files to get gzipped when stored (default: False):

kinto.attachment.gzipped = true

Or only for a particular bucket:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.gzipped = true

Or a specific collection:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.articles.gzipped = true

The randomize option

If you want uploaded files to be stored with a random name (default: True):

kinto.attachment.randomize = true

Or only for a particular bucket:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.randomize = true

Or a specific collection:

kinto.attachment.resources.blog.articles.randomize = true

The extensions option

If you want to upload files which are not in the default allowed extensions (see Pyramid extensions groups (default: default):

kinto.attachment.extensions = default+video

The mimetypes option

By default, the mimetype is guessed from the filename using Python standard mimetypes module.

If you want to add or override mimetypes, use the following setting and the associated syntax:

kinto.attachment.mimetypes = .ftl:application/vnd.fluent;.db:application/vnd.sqlite3

Default bucket

In order to upload files on the default bucket, the built-in default bucket plugin should be enabled before the kinto_attachment plugin.

In the configuration, this means adding it explicitly to includes:

kinto.includes = kinto.plugins.default_bucket
                 kinto_attachment

Production

• Make sure the base_url can be reached (and points to base_path if files are stored locally)

• Adjust the max size for uploaded files (e.g. client_max_body_size 10m; for NGinx)

For example, with NGinx

server {
    listen 80;

    location /v1 {
        ...
    }

    location /files {
        root /var/www/kinto;
    }
}

API

POST /{record-url}/attachment

It will create the underlying record if it does not exist.

Required

• attachment: a single multipart-encoded file

Optional

• data: attributes to set on record (serialized JSON)

• permissions: permissions to set on record (serialized JSON)

DELETE /{record-url}/attachment

Deletes the attachement from the record.

Attributes

When a file is attached, the related record is given an attachment attribute with the following fields:

• filename: the original filename

• hash: a SHA-256 hex digest

• location: the URL of the attachment

• mimetype: the media type of the file

• size: size in bytes

{
    "data": {
        "attachment": {
            "filename": "IMG_20150219_174559.jpg",
            "hash": "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad",
            "location": "http://cdn.service.org/files/ffa9c7b9-7561-406b-b7f9-e00ac94644ff.jpg",
            "mimetype": "image/jpeg",
            "size": 1481798
        },
        "id": "c2ce1975-0e52-4b2f-a5db-80166aeca688",
        "last_modified": 1447834938251,
        "theme": "orange",
        "type": "wallpaper"
    },
    "permissions": {
        "write": ["basicauth:6de355038fd943a2dc91405063b91018bb5dd97a08d1beb95713d23c2909748f"]
    }
}

If the file is gzipped by the server, an original key is added in the attachment key, containing the file info before it’s gzipped. The attachment keys are in that case referring to the gzipped file:

{
    "data": {
        "attachment": {
            "filename": "IMG_20150219_174559.jpg.gz",
            "hash": "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad",
            "location": "http://cdn.service.org/files/ffa9c7b9-7561-406b-b7f9-e00ac94644ff.jpg.gz",
            "mimetype": "application/x-gzip",
            "size": 14818,
            "original": {
                "filename": "IMG_20150219_174559.jpg",
                "hash": "hPME6i9avCf/LFaznYr+sHtwQEX7mXYHSu+vgtygpM8=",
                "mimetype": "image/jpeg",
                "size": 1481798
            }
        },
        "id": "c2ce1975-0e52-4b2f-a5db-80166aeca688",
        "last_modified": 1447834938251,
        "theme": "orange",
        "type": "wallpaper"
    },
    "permissions": {
        "write": ["basicauth:6de355038fd943a2dc91405063b91018bb5dd97a08d1beb95713d23c2909748f"]
    }
}

Usage

Using HTTPie

http --auth alice:passwd --form POST http://localhost:8888/v1/buckets/website/collections/assets/records/c2ce1975-0e52-4b2f-a5db-80166aeca689/attachment data='{"type": "wallpaper", "theme": "orange"}' "attachment@~/Pictures/background.jpg"

HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Access-Control-Expose-Headers: Retry-After, Content-Length, Alert, Backoff
Content-Length: 209
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 2015 08:22:18 GMT
Etag: "1447834938251"
Last-Modified: Wed, 18 Nov 2015 08:22:18 GMT
Location: http://localhost:8888/v1/buckets/website/collections/font/assets/c2ce1975-0e52-4b2f-a5db-80166aeca689
Server: waitress

{
    "filename": "IMG_20150219_174559.jpg",
    "hash": "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad",
    "location": "http://cdn.service.org/files/ffa9c7b9-7561-406b-b7f9-e00ac94644ff.jpg",
    "mimetype": "image/jpeg",
    "size": 1481798
}

Using Python requests

auth = ("alice", "passwd")
attributes = {"type": "wallpaper", "theme": "orange"}
perms = {"read": ["system.Everyone"]}

files = [("attachment", ("background.jpg", open("Pictures/background.jpg", "rb"), "image/jpeg"))]

payload = {"data": json.dumps(attributes), "permissions": json.dumps(perms)}
response = requests.post(SERVER_URL + endpoint, data=payload, files=files, auth=auth)

response.raise_for_status()

Using JavaScript

var headers = {Authorization: "Basic " + btoa("alice:passwd")};
var attributes = {"type": "wallpaper", "theme": "orange"};
var perms = {"read": ["system.Everyone"]};

// File object from input field
var file = form.elements.attachment.files[0];

// Build form data
var payload = new FormData();
// Multipart attachment
payload.append('attachment', file, "background.jpg");
// Record attributes and permissions JSON encoded
payload.append('data', JSON.stringify(attributes));
payload.append('permissions', JSON.stringify(perms));

// Post form using GlobalFetch API
var url = `${server}/buckets/${bucket}/collections/${collection}/records/${record}/attachment`;
fetch(url, {method: "POST", body: payload, headers: headers})
  .then(function (result) {
    console.log(result);
  });

Scripts

Two scripts are provided in this repository.

They rely on the kinto-client Python package, which can be installed in a virtualenv:

$ virtualenv env --python=python3
$ source env/bin/activate
$ pip install kinto-client

Or globally on your system (not recommended):

$ sudo pip install kinto-client

Upload files

upload.py takes a list of files and posts them on the specified server, bucket and collection:

$ python3 scripts/upload.py --server=$SERVER --bucket=$BUCKET --collection=$COLLECTION --auth "token:mysecret" README.rst pictures/*

If the --gzip option is passed, the files are gzipped before upload. Since the attachment attribute contains metadata of the compressed file the original file metadata are stored in a original attribute.

See python3 scripts/upload.py --help for more details about options.

Download files

download.py downloads the attachments from the specified server, bucket and collection and store them on disk:

$ python3 scripts/download.py --server=$SERVER --bucket=$BUCKET --collection=$COLLECTION --auth "token:mysecret"

If the record has an original attribute, the script decompresses the attachment after downloading it.

Files are stored in the current folder by default. See python3 scripts/download.py --help for more details about options.

Known limitations

• No support for chunk upload (#10)

• Files are not removed when server is purged with POST /v1/__flush__

Relative URL in records (workaround)

Currently the full URL is returned in records. This is very convenient for API consumers which can access the attached file just using the value in the location attribute.

However, the way it is implemented has a limitation: the full URL is stored in each record directly. This is annoying because changing the base_url setting won’t actually change the location attributes on existing records.

As workaround, it is possible to set the kinto.attachment.base_url to an empty value. The location attribute in records will now contain a relative URL.

Using another setting kinto.attachment.extra.base_url, it is possible to advertise the base URL that can be preprended by clients to obtain the full attachment URL. If specified, it is going to be exposed in the capabilities of the root URL endpoint.

Run tests

Run a fake Amazon S3 server in a separate terminal:

make run-moto

Run the tests suite:

make tests

Notes

• API design discussion about mixing up attachment and record fields.

Changelog

6.3.1 (2022-10-17)

• Remove upper bound for kinto version (#567)

6.3.0 (2022-04-20)

New features

• Include the Google Cloud backend automatically when kinto.attachment.gcloud.* settings are used.

6.2.0 (2021-12-02)

New features

• base_url field in server’s capabilities will be added a trailing slash (/) if missing.

6.1.0 (2020-06-23)

New features

• Allow to override mimetypes from config (#315)

6.0.4 (2020-06-04)

Bug fixes

• Add missing content type when uploading to S3

6.0.3 (2020-03-30)

Bug fixes

• Fix broken compatibility with Kinto 13.6.4

6.0.2 (2019-11-13)

Bug fixes

• Fix attachment deletion not being committed (fixes #149)

Internal changes

• Use unittest.mock instead of the mock library

6.0.1 (2018-12-19)

Bug fixes

• Fix support of kinto >= 12

6.0.0 (2018-10-02)

Breaking changes

• Do not allow any file extension by default. Now allow documents+images+text+data (Fix #130)

Bug fixes

• Fix heartbeat when allowed file types is not any (Fix #148)

5.0.0 (2018-07-31)

Breaking changes

• Gzip Content-Encoding is not used anymore when uploading on S3 (fixes #144)

Internal changes

• Heartbeat now uses utils.save_file() for better detection of configuration or deployment errors (fixes #146)

4.0.0 (2018-07-24)

Breaking changes

• Gzip Content-Encoding is now always enabled when uploading on S3 (fixes #139)

• Overriding settings via the querystring (eg. ?gzipped, randomize, use_content_encoding) is not possible anymore

Internal changes

• Refactor reading of settings

3.0.1 (2018-07-05)

Bug fix

• Do not delete attachment when record is deleted if keep_old_files setting is true (#137)

3.0.0 (2018-04-10)

Breaking changes

• The collection specific use_content_encoding setting must now be separated with . instead of _. (eg. use kinto.attachment.resources.bid.cid.use_content_encoding instead of kinto.attachment.resources.bid_cid.use_content_encoding) (fixes #134)

2.1.0 (2017-12-06)

New features

• Add support for the Content-Encoding header with the S3Backend (#132)

2.0.1 (2017-04-06)

Bug fixes

• Set request parameters before instantiating a record resource. (#127)

2.0.0 (2017-03-03)

Breaking changes

• Remove Python 2.7 support and upgrade to Python 3.5. (#125)

1.1.2 (2017-02-01)

Bug fixes

• Fix invalid request when attaching a file on non UUID record id (fixes #122)

1.1.1 (2017-02-01)

Bug fixes

• Fixes compatibility with Kinto 5.3 (fixes #120)

1.1.0 (2016-12-16)

• Expose the gzipped settings value in the capability (#117)

1.0.1 (2016-11-04)

Bug fixes

• Make kinto-attachment compatible with both cornice 1.x and 2.x (#115)

1.0.0 (2016-09-07)

Breaking change

• Remove the base_url from the public settings because the accurate value is in the capability.

Protocol

• Add the plugin version in the capability.

0.8.0 (2016-07-18)

New features

• Prevent attachment attributes to be modified manually (fixes #83)

Bug fixes

• Fix crash when the file is not uploaded using attachment field name (fixes #57)

• Fix crash when the multipart content-type is invalid.

• Prevent crash when filename is not provided (fixes #81)

• Update the call to the Record resource to use named attributes. (#97)

• Show detailed error when data is not posted with multipart content-type.

• Fix crash when submitted data is not valid JSON (fixes #104)

Internal changes

• Remove hard-coded CORS setup (fixes #59)

0.7.0 (2016-06-10)

• Add the gzip option to automatically gzip files on upload (#85)

• Run functional test on latest kinto release as well as kinto master (#86)

0.6.0 (2016-05-19)

Breaking changes

• Update to kinto.core for compatibility with Kinto 3.0. This release is no longer compatible with Kinto < 3.0, please upgrade!

New features

• Add a kinto.attachment.extra.base_url settings to be exposed publicly. (#73)

0.5.1 (2016-04-14)

Bug fixes

• Fix MANIFEST.in rules

0.5.0 (2016-04-14)

New features

• Add ability to disable filename randomization using a ?randomize=false querystring (#62)

• Add a --keep-filenames option in upload.py script to disable randomization (#63)

Bug fixes

• Fix a setting name for S3 bucket in README (#68)

• Do nothing in heartbeat if server is readonly (fixes #69)

Internal changes

• Big refactor of views (#61)

0.4.0 (2016-03-09)

New features

• Previous files can be kept if the setting kinto.keep_old_files is set to true. This can be useful when clients try to download files from a collection of records that is not up-to-date.

• Add heartbeat entry for attachments backend (#41)

Bug fixes

• Now compatible with the default bucket (#42)

• Now compatible with Python 3 (#44)

Internal changes

• Upload/Download scripts now use kinto.py (#38)

0.3.0 (2016-02-05)

New feature

• Expose the API capability attachments in the root URL (#35)

Internal changes

• Upgrade tests for Kinto 1.11.0 (#36)

0.2.0 (2015-12-21)

New feature

• Setting to store files into folders by bucket or collection (fixes #22)

Bug fixes

• Remove existing file when attachment is replaced (fixes #28)

Documentation

• The demo is now fully online, since the Mozilla demo server has this plugin installed.

• Add some minimal information for production

0.1.0 (2015-12-02)

• Initial working proof-of-concept.