A very micro http framework.
Project description
A very micro HTTP framework.
Features
Very simple, less-code & fast
Using object dispatcher instead of regex route dispatcher.
Url-Encoded, Multipart and JSON form parsing.
No request and or response objects is available, everything is combined in nanohttp.context.
A very flexible configuration system: pymlconf
Method(verb) dispatcher.
Regex route dispatcher.
Powerful validation mechanism.
Use Python’s keywordonly arguments for query strings >= 0.24.0
Roadmap
The road map is to keep it simple with 100% code coverage. no built-in template engine and or ORM will be included.
Install
PyPI
$ pip install nanohttpFrom Source
$ cd path/to/nanohttp
$ pip install -e .Quick Start
demo.py
from nanohttp import Controller, RestController, context, html, json, HttpFound
class TipsControllers(RestController):
@json
def get(self, tip_id: int = None):
if tip_id is None:
return [dict(id=i, title="Tip %s" % i) for i in range(1, 4)]
else:
return dict(
id=tip_id,
title="Tip %s" % tip_id
)
@json
def post(self, tip_id: int = None):
tip_title = context.form.get('title')
print(tip_id, tip_title)
# Updating the tips title
# TipStore.get(tip_id).update(tip_title)
raise HttpFound('/tips/')
class Root(Controller):
tips = TipsControllers()
@html
def index(self):
yield """
<html><head><title>nanohttp Demo</title></head><body>
<form method="POST" action="/tips/2">
<input type="text" name="title" />
<input type="submit" value="Update" />
</form>
</body></html>
"""$ nanohttp demoOr
from nanohttp import quickstart, configure
configure()
quickstart(Root())WSGI
Do you need a WSGI application?
wsgi.py
from nanohttp import configure, Application
configure(init_value='<yaml config string>', files=['path/to/config.file', '...'], dirs=['path/to/config/directory', '...'])
app = Application(root=Root())
# Pass the ``app`` to any ``WSGI`` server you want.Serve it by gunicorn:
gunicorn --reload wsgi:appConfig File
Create a demo.yml file. The file below is same as the default configuration.
debug: true
domain:
cookie:
http_only: false
secure: falseYou may use nanohttp.settings anywhere to access the config values.
from nanohttp import Controller, html, settings
class Root(Controller):
@html
def index(self):
yield '<html><head><title>nanohttp demo</title></head><body>'
yield '<h2>debug flag is: %s</h2>' % settings.debug
yield '</body></html>'Passing the config file(s) using command line:
$ nanohttp -c demo.yml [-c another.yml] demoPassing the config file(s) Using python:
from nanohttp import quickstart
quickstart(Root(), config='<YAML config string>')Command Line Interface
$ nanohttp -h
usage: nanohttp [-h] [-c CONFIG_FILE] [-d CONFIG_DIRECTORY] [-b {HOST:}PORT]
[-C DIRECTORY] [-V]
[{MODULE{.py}}{:CLASS}]
positional arguments:
{MODULE{.py}}{:CLASS}
The python module and controller class to launch.
default is python built-in's : `demo_app`, And the
default value for `:CLASS` is `:Root` if omitted.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c CONFIG_FILE, --config-file CONFIG_FILE
This option may be passed multiple times.
-d CONFIG_DIRECTORY, --config-directory CONFIG_DIRECTORY
This option may be passed multiple times.
-b {HOST:}PORT, --bind {HOST:}PORT
Bind Address. default: 8080
-C DIRECTORY, --directory DIRECTORY
Change to this path before starting the server default
is: `.`
-V, --version Show the version.Trailing slashes
If the Controller.__remove_trailing_slash__ is True, then all trailing slashes are ignored.
def test_trailing_slash(self):
self.assert_get('/users/10/jobs/', expected_response='User: 10\nAttr: jobs\n')Decorators to indicate http handlers
Available decorators are: action, html, text, json, xml, binary
Those decorators are useful to encapsulate response preparation such as setting Content-Type HTTP header.
Take a look at the code of the action decorator, all other decorators are derived from this:
def action(*verbs, encoding='utf-8', content_type=None, inner_decorator=None):
def _decorator(func):
if inner_decorator is not None:
func = inner_decorator(func)
func.__http_methods__ = verbs if verbs else 'any'
func.__response_encoding__ = encoding
if content_type:
func.__content_type__ = content_type
return func
if verbs and callable(verbs[0]):
f = verbs[0]
verbs = tuple()
return _decorator(f)
else:
return _decoratorOther decorators are defined using functools.partial:
html = functools.partial(action, content_type='text/html')
text = functools.partial(action, content_type='text/plain')
json = functools.partial(action, content_type='application/json', inner_decorator=jsonify)
xml = functools.partial(action, content_type='application/xml')
binary = functools.partial(action, content_type='application/octet-stream', encoding=None)Of-course, you can set the response content type using:
context.response_content_type = 'application/pdf'Of-course, you can define your very own decorator to make your code DRY:
import functools
from nanohttp import action, RestController
pdf = functools.partial(action, content_type='application/pdf')
class MyController(RestController)
@pdf
def get(index):
.......Serving Static file(s)
The nanohttp.Static class is responsible to serve static files:
from nanohttp import Controller, Static
class Root(Controller):
static = Static('path/to/static/directory', default_document='index.html')Then you can access static files on /static/filename.ext
A simple way to run server and only serve static files is:
cd path/to/static/directory
nanohttp :StaticAccessing request payload
The context.form is a dictionary representing the request payload, supported request formats are query-string, multipart/form-data, application/x-www-form-urlencoded and json.
from nanohttp import context, RestController
class TipsControllers(RestController):
@json
def post(self, tip_id: int = None):
tip_title = context.form.get('title')Validating request
A decorator named: validate is available to ensure the request parameters.
from nanohttp import validate
...
@validate(field1=dict(required=True, min=20, max=100, type_=int, ... ))
def index(self):
...A complete list of validation options is:
required: Boolean, indicates the field is required.
type_: A callable to pass the received value to it as the only argument and get it in the apprpriate type, Both ValueError and TypeError may be raised if the value cannot casted to the specified type. A good example of this callable would be the int.
minimum: Numeric, Minimum allowed value.
maximum: Numeric, Maximum allowed value.
pattern: Regex pattern to match the value.
min_length: Only for strings, the minumum allowed length of the value.
max_length: Only for strings, the maximum allowed length of the value.
Values for those options can be a pair of criteria, http status, for example:
@validate(field1=dict(
required=(True, '400 Bad Request'),
min=(20, '471 Minimum allowed value is 20'),
max=(100, '472 Maximum allowed value is 100'),
type_=(int, '470 Only integers are allowed here')
)
def index(self):
...Dispatcher
The requested path will be split-ed by / and python’s getattr will be used on the Root controller recursively to find specific callable to handle request.
from nanohttp import RestController
class Nested(RestController):
pass
class Root()
children = Nested()Then you can access methods on nested controller using: http://host:port/children
On the RestController dispatcher tries to dispatch request using HTTP method(verb) at first.
Context
The context object is a proxy to an instance of nanohttp.Context which is unique per request.
Hooks
A few hooks are available in Controller class: begin_request, begin_response, end_response.
For example this how I detect JWT token and refresh it if possible:
from nanohttp import Application, Controller, context
class JwtApplication(Application):
token_key = 'HTTP_AUTHORIZATION'
refresh_token_cookie_key = 'refresh-token'
def begin_request(self):
if self.token_key in context.environ:
encoded_token = context.environ[self.token_key]
try:
context.identity = JwtPrincipal.decode(encoded_token)
except itsdangerous.SignatureExpired as ex:
refresh_token_encoded = context.cookies.get(self.refresh_token_cookie_key)
if refresh_token_encoded:
# Extracting session_id
session_id = ex.payload.get('sessionId')
if session_id:
context.identity = new_token = self.refresh_jwt_token(refresh_token_encoded, session_id)
if new_token:
context.response_headers.add_header('X-New-JWT-Token', new_token.encode().decode())
except itsdangerous.BadData:
pass
if not hasattr(context, 'identity'):
context.identity = NoneRendering templates
This is how to use mako template engine with the nanohttp:
main.py
import functools
from os.path import dirname, abspath, join
from mako.lookup import TemplateLookup
from nanohttp import Controller, context, Static, settings, action
here = abspath(dirname(__file__))
lookup = TemplateLookup(directories=[join(here, 'templates')])
def render_template(func, template_name):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
if hasattr(result, 'to_dict'):
result = result.to_dict()
elif not isinstance(result, dict):
raise ValueError('The result must be an instance of dict, not: %s' % type(result))
template_ = lookup.get_template(template_name)
return template_.render(**result)
return wrapper
template = functools.partial(action, content_type='text/html', inner_decorator=render_template)
class Root(Controller):
static = Static(here)
@template('index.mak')
def index(self):
return dict(
settings=settings,
environ=context.environ
)templates/index.html
<html>
<head>
<title>nanohttp mako example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>WSGI environ</h1>
<ul>
%for key, value in environ.items():
<li><b>${key}:</b> ${value}</li>
%endfor
</ul>
</body>
</html>Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
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