nirs4all-aom

Adaptive Operator-Mixture PLS and Ridge for near-infrared spectroscopy.

Companion code for the paper "Operator-adaptive PLS and Ridge calibration for NIR spectroscopy" (manuscript in paper/).

This repository ships three sklearn-compatible model families plus benchmark runners:

• aom_nirs.pls — AOM-PLS, POP-PLS, AOM-PLS-DA, POP-PLS-DA. Operator-adaptive PLS that integrates strict-linear preprocessing operators (identity, Savitzky-Golay, finite difference, detrend, Norris-Williams, Whittaker, FCK) into the calibration via covariance / NIPALS / SIMPLS identities. Replaces external preprocessing grid-search.
• aom_nirs.ridge — AOM-Ridge family (AOMRidgeRegressor, AOMRidgeBlender, AOMRidgeAutoSelector, AOMRidgeClassifier, plus AOMRidgePLS, AOMMultiKernelRidge, AOMMultiBranchMKL, AOMLocalRidge). Dual / kernel Ridge with operator-mixture preprocessing. The paper's best empirical result (median RMSEP ratio 0.918 vs Ridge-default on 32 NIRS datasets, two-sided Wilcoxon Holm-corrected $p = 5.2\times 10^{-4}$).
• aom_nirs.fast — FastAOM chain-screening framework. Adjoint-only covariance screening with diversity-aware top-k, low-rank kernel evaluator, and four sklearn-style models (SingleChainPLSRidge, HardAOMChainPLSRidge, SoftAOMChainPLSRidge, SparseChainPLSRidge).

Installation

pip install nirs4all-aom                # core
pip install "nirs4all-aom[torch]"        # GPU NIPALS / SIMPLS / superblock
pip install "nirs4all-aom[tabpfn]"       # TabPFN-residual experimental stacker
pip install "nirs4all-aom[bench]"        # benchmark runners and reporting tools

nirs4all-aom is pure Python; no compilation is required. The optional pybaselines dependency drives aom_nirs.pls.preprocessing.ASLSBaseline.

Quick start

from sklearn.model_selection import KFold
from aom_nirs.pls import AOMPLSRegressor
from aom_nirs.ridge import AOMRidgeRegressor, AOMRidgeBlender

inner_cv = KFold(n_splits=5, shuffle=True, random_state=0)
outer_cv = KFold(n_splits=5, shuffle=True, random_state=1)

# AOM-PLS, paper "simple" preset
aom_pls = AOMPLSRegressor(
    operator_bank="compact",
    criterion="cv",
    cv=inner_cv.get_n_splits(),
    cv_splitter=inner_cv,
)
aom_pls.fit(X_train, y_train)
y_pred = aom_pls.predict(X_test)

# AOM-Ridge, fast single-estimator preset
aom_ridge = AOMRidgeRegressor(
    selection="global",
    operator_bank="compact",
    cv=inner_cv,
)
aom_ridge.fit(X_train, y_train)

# AOM-Ridge, paper "best" preset
aom_blender = AOMRidgeBlender(
    outer_cv=outer_cv,
    inner_cv=inner_cv,
)  # convex non-negative blend of Ridge candidates
aom_blender.fit(X_train, y_train)

A full reproduction of one smoke dataset for AOM-PLS, AOM-Ridge, and FastAOM is in examples/paper_smoke.py. For a user-facing split-aware tour of the full AOM family, run examples/04_aom_panoply.py. See docs/aom_panoply.md for the standalone AOM splitter guide.

Live WebAssembly demo

The AOM-PLS browser demonstration runs the portable n4m engine entirely in WebAssembly, screens its strict-linear operator bank and predicts held-out raw spectra from original-grid coefficients. Its self-contained source and staged bundle are in demo/wasm.

Relationship to other repos

• nirs4all (GitHub) — NIRS instrumentation, acquisition, and provenance context for local benchmark inputs. The AOM methods, benchmark runners, result tables, and manuscript artifacts are distributed from this nirs4all-aom repository.
• aompls (GitHub) — older multi-language prototype. Superseded by nirs4all-aom for the Python reference implementation used in the paper.

Paper

The manuscript and supplement live under paper/. The review dossier (paper/review/) contains the inventory, migration plan, cohort coverage audit, and per-variant score evidence used for the arXiv draft.

License

nirs4all-aom is dual-licensed open-source — CeCILL-2.1 OR AGPL-3.0-or-later (your choice) — with an optional commercial license for closed-source / SaaS use. For any commercial use, contact nirs4all-admin@cirad.fr. See LICENSING.md, the texts under LICENSES/, and THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md.

Citation

@software{beurier_aom_nirs_2026,
  author = {Beurier, Gregory},
  title  = {nirs4all-aom: Adaptive Operator-Mixture PLS and Ridge for NIR spectroscopy},
  year   = {2026},
  url    = {https://github.com/GBeurier/nirs4all-aom},
  version = {0.10.4}
}