os-urlpattern 0.1.10

Cluster url pattern automatically.

os-urlpattern

This package is used for unsupervised URLs clustering. Furthermore, it generate URL patterns(RegEx) from clusters for matching purpose. It is a pure python package tested under python2.7 python3.6, pypy can also be used for performance(4x-8x). Command line tools are provided for standalone clustering and matching, APIs are also convenient. Several extra packages can be installed for additional features. Under CPython 1cpu, 100 thousand URLs clustering cost almost 1min and 200M memory. Built-in matching strategy is efficient enough in most use cases(4k/s, depend on patterns complexity).

$ pip install -U os-urlpattern
$ wget -qO- 'https://git.io/f4QlP' | pattern-make
/[0-9]{2}[\.]html
      http://example.com/01.html
      http://example.com/02.html
      http://example.com/03.html
/[0-9]{3}/test[0-9]{2}[\.]html
      http://example.com/123/test01.html
      http://example.com/456/test02.html
      http://example.com/789/test03.html

Aknowledgement

Similar URLs

• URLs with the same URL structure.

• Components of the parsed URLs at the same position are in the same character space.

• Different types of charactors may be in the same order in most cases.

URL structure

Typically, URL can be parsed into 6 components:

<scheme>://<netloc>/<path>;<params>?<query>#<fragment>

Because different sites may have similar URLs structure and <params> is rare, so <schema> <netloc> and <params> are ignored, <path> <query> <fragment> are used to define URL structure.

If the URLs have the same path levels, same query keys(also keys order) and with the same fragment existence, their URL structure should be the same.

http://example.com/p1/p2?k1=v1&k2=v2#pos

URL structure:
path levels: 2
query keys: k1, k2
have fragment: True

Character space

Consider RFC 3986 (Section 2: Characters), URL with the following characters would be legal:

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-._~:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=

There are three major character space: lower-case letters(a-z), upper-case letters(A-Z), number letters(0-9). Other symbols are in their own character space.

HeLlOwoRd666!

character space: a-z A-Z 0-9 !

Order consideration

Split a string by character, consecutive character space can be joined. In most cases, order is a distinguished feature.

HELLOword666!

split into: HELLO word 666 !

character space order: A-Z a-z 0-9 !

Mix

Complex consecutive major character space can be mixed, order is less important.

HellWorld666!

split into: H ell W orld 666 !

major join: HellWorld666 !

character space order: A-Za-z0-9 !

Because of URL quote, ‘%’ can be mixed with major character space.

%E4%BD%A0%E5%A5%BD!

split into: % E 4 % BD % A 0 % E 5 % A 5 % BD !

major join: %E4%BD%A0%E5%A5%BD !

character space order: A-Z0-9% !

URL pattern

URL pattern is used to express each cluster. It is normal regex string. Each URL in the same cluster can be matched with the pattern.

pattern examples:

/news/[0-9]{8}/[a-z]+[\\.]html
/newsShow[\\.]asp[\\?]dataID=[0-9]+
/thread[\\-][0-9]+[\\-][0-9][\\-]1[\\.]html

The built-in matching strategy is strict, it can’t tolerate incomplet matching.

letter: helloword

pattern01: [a-z0-9]+  # not match, because no number in the letter
pattern02: [a-z]+ # match

Install

Install with pip

$ pip install os-urlpattern

Install extra packages

subpackage	install command	enables
memory	pip install os-urlpattern[memroy]	Show memory useage
ete-tree	pip install os-urlpattern[ete_tree]	Enable ete pattern tree formatter

Usage

Command line

• pattern-make

  Load urls, cluster and dump patterns.

  $ pattern-make -h
  usage: pattern-make [-h] [-i INPUT [INPUT ...]]
                      [-l {NOTSET,DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL}]
                      [-c CONFIG [CONFIG ...]]
                      [-f {PATTERN,CLUSTER,JSON,ETE,INLINE,NULL}]
  
  optional arguments:
    -h, --help            show this help message and exit
    -i INPUT [INPUT ...], --input INPUT [INPUT ...]
                          input file to be processed (default: stdin)
    -l {NOTSET,DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL}, --loglevel {NOTSET,DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL}
                          log level (default: NOTSET)
    -c CONFIG [CONFIG ...], --config CONFIG [CONFIG ...]
                          config file
    -f {PATTERN,CLUSTER,JSON,ETE,INLINE,NULL}, --formatter {PATTERN,CLUSTER,JSON,ETE,INLINE,NULL}
                          output formatter (default: CLUSTER)

  Dump clustered URLs with patterns:

  $ cat urls.txt | pattern-make -L debug > clustered.txt

  Only generate URL patterns:

  $ cat urls.txt | pattern-make -L debug -F pattern > patterns.txt

  Generate pattern tree from URLs(ete installed):

  $ cat urls.txt | pattern-make -L debug -F ete

• pattern-match

  Load patterns, dump URLs matched results.

  $ pattern-match -h
  usage: pattern-match [-h] [-i INPUT [INPUT ...]]
                    [-l {NOTSET,DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL}] -p PATTERN_FILE
                    [PATTERN_FILE ...] [-a]
  
  optional arguments:
    -h, --help            show this help message and exit
    -i INPUT [INPUT ...], --input INPUT [INPUT ...]
                          input file to be processed (default: stdin)
    -l {NOTSET,DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL}, --loglevel {NOTSET,DEBUG,INFO,WARN,ERROR,FATAL}
                          log level (default: NOTSET)
    -p PATTERN_FILE [PATTERN_FILE ...], --pattern-file PATTERN_FILE [PATTERN_FILE ...]
                          pattern file to be loaded
    -a, --all_matched     all matched patterns

  Match URLs:

  $ cat urls.txt | pattern-match -L debug -p patterns.txt

APIs

• Cluster and generate URL patterns:

  from os_urlpattern.formatter import pformat
  from os_urlpattern.pattern_maker import PatternMaker
  
  pattern_maker = PatternMaker()
  
  # load URLs(unicode)
  for url in urls:
      pattern_maker.load(url)
  
  # cluster and print pattern
  for url_meta, clustered in pattern_maker.make():
      for pattern in pformat('pattern', url_meta, clustered):
          # do whatever you want
          pass

• Match URLs:

  from os_urlpattern.pattern_matcher import PatternMatcher
  
  pattern_matcher = PatternMatcher()
  
  # load url_pattern(unicode)
  for url_pattern in url_patterns:
      # meta will bind to matched result
      pattern_matcher.load(url_pattern, meta=url_pattern)
  
  # match URL(unicode)
  for url in urls:
      matched_results = patterm_matcher.match(url)
      # the best matched result:
      # sorted(matched_results, reverse=True)[0]
      patterns = [n.meta for n in matched_results]

• Low-level APIs:

  It is necessary to use low-level APIs for customizing processing procdure, especially for parallel computing or working on an distributed cluster(hadoop).

  Key points: same fuzzy-digest same maker and same matcher.

  Use os_urlpattern.parser.fuzzy_digest to get fuzzy digest from URL, URL pattern or URLMeta and parsed pieces/patterns.

  A brief All-In-One example:

  from __future__ import print_function, unicode_literals
  from os_urlpattern.formatter import pformat
  from os_urlpattern.parser import fuzzy_digest, parse
  from os_urlpattern.pattern_maker import Maker
  from os_urlpattern.pattern_matcher import Matcher
  
  urls = ['http://t.com/%02d.html' % i for i in xrange(0,10)]
  makers = {}
  matchers = {}
  
  # Init makers from URLs(unicode).
  for url in urls:
      url_meta, parsed_pieces = parse(url)
  
      # same digest same maker
      digest = fuzzy_digest(url_meta, parsed_pieces)
      if digest not in makers:
          makers[digest] = Maker(url_meta)
      makers[digest].load(parsed_pieces)
  
  # Iterate makers, do clustering, generate URL pattern and init matchers.
  for maker in makers.values():
      for clustered in maker.make():
          for pattern in pformat('pattern', maker.url_meta, clustered):
              # init matchers
              url_meta, parsed_patterns = parse(pattern)
              digest = fuzzy_digest(url_meta, parsed_patterns)
              if digest not in matchers:
                  matchers[digest] = Matcher(url_meta)
              matchers[digest].load(parsed_patterns, pattern)
  
  # Match URLs(unicode).
  for url in urls:
      url_meta, parsed_pieces = parse(url)
  
      # same digest same matcher
      digest = fuzzy_digest(url_meta, parsed_pieces)
      if digest in matchers:
          matched = [n.meta for n in matchers[digest].match(parsed_pieces)]
          print(url, *matched, sep="\t")
      else: # no matched at all
          pass

Unit Tests

$ tox

License

MIT licensed.