py2many: Python to Rust, C++, Go, Zig, Mojo & More - Universal Python Transpiler

Convert Python code to Rust, C++, Go, Zig, Julia, Nim, Dart, and other languages automatically

py2many is a powerful Python transpiler that converts Python source code into multiple statically-typed programming languages. Transform your Python code to Rust for performance, C++ for systems programming, Go for concurrency, or Kotlin for mobile development.

Why Convert Python to Other Languages

Performance: Python is popular and easy to program in, but has poor runtime performance. Transpiling Python to Rust, C++, or Go can dramatically improve execution speed while maintaining the development experience of Python.

Security: Writing security-sensitive code in low-level languages like C is error-prone and could lead to privilege escalation. With py2many, you can write secure code in Python, verify it with unit tests, then transpile to a safer systems language like Rust.

Cross-platform Development: Accelerate Python code by transpiling it into native extensions or standalone applications.

Mobile & Systems Programming: While Swift and Kotlin dominate mobile app development, there's no universal solution for sharing lower-level library code between platforms. py2many provides an alternative to Kotlin Mobile Multiplatform (KMM) by letting you write once in Python and deploy to multiple targets.

Learning Tool: It's an excellent educational tool for learning new programming languages by comparing Python implementations with their transpiled equivalents.

Supported Languages & Status

See LANGUAGES.md for current status of each language.

Primary Focus: Python to Rust conversion with the most mature feature set and active development.

Production Ready: Python to C++ transpilation (C++14 historically supported, C++17+ required for advanced features).

Beta Support: Python to Lean, Python to Julia, Python to Kotlin, Python to Nim, Python to Go, Python to Dart, Python to V, and Python to D transpilation.

Experimental Support: Python to Zig and Python to Mojo transpilation (early stage, limited feature coverage).

Type Inference: py2many can also emit enhanced Python 3 code with inferred type annotations and syntax improvements for better code analysis.

Python to Rust Example

See how py2many converts Python code to idiomatic Rust:

Original Python code:

def fib(i: int) -> int:
    if i == 0 or i == 1:
        return 1
    return fib(i - 1) + fib(i - 2)

# Demonstrate overflow handling
def add(i: i32, j: i32):
    return i + j

Transpiled Rust code:

fn fib(i: i32) -> i32 {
    if i == 0 || i == 1 {
        return 1;
    }
    return (fib((i - 1)) + fib((i - 2)));
}

// return type is i64
pub fn add(i: i32, j: i32) -> i64 {
    return ((i as i64) + (j as i64)) as i64;
}

More Examples: View transpiled code for all supported languages at: https://github.com/py2many/py2many/tree/main/tests/expected (fib*)

Quick Start: Convert Python to Rust, C++, Go & More

Requirements:

• Python 3.8+

Installation:

uv pip install py2many

You can also run py2many without a separate install using uvx:

uvx py2many --mylang test.py

Usage Examples:

To transpile a Python file, run py2many with the target language flag:

# General form
uvx py2many --mylang test.py

# Python to Rust
py2many --rust tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to C++
py2many --cpp tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to Go
py2many --go tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to Kotlin
py2many --kotlin tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to Julia
py2many --julia tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to Nim
py2many --nim tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to Dart
py2many --dart tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to D
py2many --dlang tests/cases/fib.py

# Python to Lean (proof of concept)
py2many --lean tests/cases/hello_world.py

Compiling Transpiled Code:

# Compile C++
clang tests/expected/fib.cpp

# Run Rust
./scripts/rust-runner.sh run tests/expected/fib.rs

# Run D
ldmd2 -run tests/cases/fib.d

Language-Specific Tools:

py2many integrates with language-specific formatters and tools:

• rustfmt for Rust code formatting
• Language-specific standard libraries and external dependencies

For detailed setup instructions for each target language, see .github/workflows/main.yml.

Key Features

• Multi-Language Support: Convert Python to 8+ programming languages
• Type Inference: Automatically infer and convert Python types to target language types
• Performance Optimization: Generate optimized code for systems programming languages
• Cross-Platform: Works on Linux, macOS, and Windows
• Open Source: MIT licensed with active community development
• Educational: Compare Python implementations with transpiled code to learn new languages

Use Cases

• Performance-Critical Applications: Convert Python algorithms to Rust or C++ for speed
• Systems Programming: Transform Python prototypes to systems languages
• Mobile Development: Convert Python logic to Kotlin for Android development
• WebAssembly: Transpile Python to Rust or Zig for WASM deployment
• Web: Transpile Python to Dart which can generate JavaScript
• Embedded Systems: Convert Python code to C++ or Rust for resource-constrained environments
• Cross-Platform Libraries: Write once in Python, deploy to multiple language ecosystems

Project History

Based on Julian Konchunas' pyrs.

Based on Lukas Martinelli Py14 and Py14/python-3 branch by Valentin Lorentz.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md for how to test your changes and contribute to this project.