pytest-firestore 1.1.1

A Pytest fixture for managing Google Cloud Firestore emulator

pytest-firestore

A pytest plugin that manages a Google Cloud Firestore emulator instance for your test session. It starts the emulator before tests run, sets the FIRESTORE_EMULATOR_HOST environment variable so client libraries connect automatically, and tears everything down when the session ends.

Supports pytest-xdist out of the box — multiple workers share a single emulator process via file-lock coordination.

Requirements

• Python >= 3.12
• pytest >= 7.0
• Google Cloud SDK (gcloud CLI) with the Firestore emulator component:

gcloud components install cloud-firestore-emulator

Installation

pip install pytest-firestore

To also install a Firestore client for use with the convenience fixtures:

pip install pytest-firestore[client]

Quick start

Request the firestore_emulator fixture in any test. The emulator starts once per session.

def test_write_and_read(firestore_emulator):
    from google.cloud import firestore

    db = firestore.Client(project=firestore_emulator.project)
    db.collection("users").document("alice").set({"name": "Alice"})
    doc = db.collection("users").document("alice").get()
    assert doc.to_dict()["name"] == "Alice"

Or use the ready-made client fixtures (requires google-cloud-firestore):

def test_with_client(firestore_client):
    firestore_client.collection("items").document("1").set({"n": 1})
    assert firestore_client.collection("items").document("1").get().exists


async def test_async(firestore_async_client):
    await firestore_async_client.collection("items").document("2").set({"n": 2})
    doc = await firestore_async_client.collection("items").document("2").get()
    assert doc.exists

Fixtures

Fixture	Scope	Description
firestore_emulator	session	Starts the emulator and returns an EmulatorInfo object. Sets FIRESTORE_EMULATOR_HOST for the duration of the session.
firestore_client	function	Returns a google.cloud.firestore.Client connected to the emulator. Skips if google-cloud-firestore is not installed.
firestore_async_client	function	Returns a google.cloud.firestore.AsyncClient connected to the emulator. Skips if google-cloud-firestore is not installed.

EmulatorInfo

The firestore_emulator fixture yields an EmulatorInfo dataclass with the following attributes:

Attribute	Type	Description
host	str	Emulator hostname (e.g. "localhost")
port	int	Emulator port (e.g. 8080)
project	str	GCP project ID (e.g. "test-project")
host_port	str	Combined "host:port" string

Configuration

Settings can be provided via CLI flags or pyproject.toml / pytest.ini. CLI flags take precedence over ini values.

CLI flag	ini option	Default	Description
--firestore-host	firestore_emulator_host	localhost	Emulator bind host
--firestore-port	firestore_emulator_port	8080	Emulator port. Use 0 to auto-select a free port.
--firestore-project	firestore_project_id	test-project	GCP project ID passed to the emulator
--firestore-timeout	firestore_emulator_timeout	15	Seconds to wait for the emulator to accept connections

Example pyproject.toml

[tool.pytest.ini_options]
firestore_emulator_host = "localhost"
firestore_emulator_port = "0"          # auto-select a free port
firestore_project_id = "my-test-project"
firestore_emulator_timeout = "30"

Example CLI usage

pytest --firestore-port 0 --firestore-project my-project

Using with pytest-xdist

No extra configuration is needed. When tests run under xdist, the plugin detects worker processes and coordinates through a shared lock file so that only the first worker starts the emulator. All other workers join the existing instance. When the last worker finishes, the emulator is terminated.

pytest -n auto

Auto-port selection

Set the port to 0 to have the plugin pick a free port automatically. This is useful in CI environments where port conflicts may occur:

pytest --firestore-port 0

Environment variable

While the session fixture is active, FIRESTORE_EMULATOR_HOST is set to host:port. This is the standard variable that google-cloud-firestore client libraries check to route traffic to the emulator instead of production. The original value (if any) is restored after the session ends.

Development

# Install in editable mode with dev dependencies
pip install -e ".[dev]"

# Run unit tests (no gcloud required)
pytest tests/test_emulator_unit.py tests/test_plugin_unit.py -v

# Run integration tests (requires gcloud + emulator component)
pytest tests/test_plugin_integration.py -v

# Lint and type-check
ruff check .
mypy pytest_firestore

License

MIT — see LICENSE.