Access Modifiers

To identify a variable as private::

from pythonlangutil.access_modifiers import private_variable

class PrivateVariableTest(object):
   def __init__(self):
       self.id = "123"

   @private_variable('id')
   def __setattr__(self, *args, **kwargs):
       return object.__setattr__(self, *args, **kwargs)

   def insider(self):
       self.id = "321"

To identify a method as private::

from pythonlangutil.access_modifiers import private_function

class PrivateFunctionTest(object):
   def __init__(self):
       pass

   @private_function
   def private_method(self):
       return 'called from inside my own class'

   def insider(self):
       return self.private_method()

Creating Overloads

To create overloads::

from pythonlangutil.overload import Overload, signature

class OverloadTest():
    def __init__(self):
        self.male_pref = "Mr. %s"
        self.female_pref = "Ms. %s"
        self.general_pref = "Dear %s"

    @Overload
    @signature("str", "bool")
    def my_method(self, name, male):
        if male:
            return self.male_pref % name
        return self.female_pref % name

    @my_method.overload
    @signature("str")
    def my_method(self, name):
        return self.general_pref % name

    @my_method.overload
    @signature("int", "str")
    def my_method(self, times, name):
        return "\n".join([self.general_pref % name for i in range(times)])

Using Singleton Model

It prevents the instantiation of the class. The only instance of the class will be accessible through get_instance() method which will be added to class automatically.

To use singleton::

from pythonlangutil.singleton import Singleton

@Singleton()
class SingletonTest():
    def __init__(self):
        pass