CELLULAR-CL 0.0.1

A package for generating an embedding space from scRNA-Seq. This space can be used for cell type annotation, novel cell type detection, cell type representations, and visualization.

CELLULAR: CELLUlar contrastive Learning for Annotation and Representation

Abstract Batch effects are a significant concern in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data analysis, where variations in the data can be attributed to factors unrelated to cell types. This can make downstream analysis a challenging task. In this study, we present a novel deep learning approach using contrastive learning and a carefully designed loss function for learning an generalizable embedding space from scRNA-Seq data. We call this model CELLULAR: CELLUlar contrastive Learning for Annotation and Representation. When benchmarked against multiple established methods for scRNA-Seq integration, CELLULAR outperforms existing methods in learning a generalizable embedding space on multiple datasets. Cell annotation was also explored as a downstream application for the learned embedding space. When compared against multiple well-established methods, CELLULAR demonstrates competitive performance with top cell classification methods in terms of accuracy, balanced accuracy, and F1 score. CELLULAR is also capable of performing novel cell type detection. These findings aim to quantify the meaningfulness of the embedding space learned by the model by highlighting the robust performance of our learned cell representations in various applications. The model has been structured into an open-source Python package, specifically designed to simplify and streamline its usage for bioinformaticians and other scientists interested in cell representation learning.

Necessary programming languages

• Python version >= 3.10.5

Setup

pip install --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu118 torch==2.2.1
pip install CELLULAR-scRNA

Functionality

The following functions have been included:

• Training function for the embedding space model.
• Training function for the classifier model.
• Predict function for generating an embedding space.
• Predict function for performing cell type annotation.
• Function for novel cell type detection.
• Function for creating cell type representation vectors.
• Function for applying the same normalization strategy as was used in this study, giving the end user the option of using the same strategy or implementing their own.
• Function for automatic preprocessing, although it is still recommended for end users to use their own preprocessing pipeline to make sure it is appropriate for their data.

Data

Data for the tutorial can be installed from here.

Usage

For making embedding space

import scanpy as sc
import CELLULAR

adata_train = sc.read("train_data.h5ad", cache=True)
CELLULAR.train(adata=adata_train, target_key="cell_type", batch_key="batch")

adata_test = sc.read("test_data.h5ad", cache=True)
predictions = CELLULAR.predict(adata=adata_test)

For cell type annotation

import scanpy as sc
import CELLULAR

adata_train = sc.read("train_data.h5ad", cache=True)
CELLULAR.train(adata=adata_train, train_classifier=True, target_key="cell_type", batch_key="batch")

adata_test = sc.read("test_data.h5ad", cache=True)
predictions = CELLULAR.predict(adata=adata_test, use_classifier=True)

For novel cell type detection

import scanpy as sc
import CELLULAR

adata_train = sc.read("train_data.h5ad", cache=True)
CELLULAR.train(adata=adata_train, target_key="cell_type", batch_key="batch")

adata_test = sc.read("test_data.h5ad", cache=True)
CELLULAR.novel_cell_type_detection(adata=adata_test)

For making cell type representations

import scanpy as sc
import CELLULAR

adata_train = sc.read("train_data.h5ad", cache=True)
CELLULAR.train(adata=adata_train, target_key="cell_type", batch_key="batch")

adata_test = sc.read("test_data.h5ad", cache=True)
representations = CELLULAR.generate_representations(adata=adata_test, target_key="cell_type")

Tutorials

See Tutorial/embedding_space_tutorial.ipynb, Tutorial/classification_tutorial.ipynb, and Tutorial/pre_process_tutorial.ipynb.

Citation

Coming soon