PuLP is an LP modeler written in python. PuLP can generate MPS or LP files and call GLPK, COIN CLP/CBC, CPLEX, and GUROBI to solve linear problems.
Project description
PuLP is an linear and mixed integer programming modeler written in Python. With PuLP, it is simple to create MILP optimisation problems and solve them with the latest open-source (or proprietary) solvers. PuLP can generate MPS or LP files and call solvers such as GLPK, COIN-OR CLP/CBC, CPLEX, GUROBI, MOSEK, XPRESS, CHOCO, MIPCL, HiGHS, SCIP/FSCIP.
The documentation for PuLP can be found here.
PuLP is part of the COIN-OR project.
Installation
PuLP requires Python 3.9 or newer.
The easiest way to install PuLP is with pip. If pip is available on your system, type:
python -m pip install pulp
Otherwise follow the download instructions on the PyPi page.
Quickstart
Use LpVariable to create new variables. To create a variable x with 0 ≤ x ≤ 3:
from pulp import * x = LpVariable("x", 0, 3)
To create a binary variable, y, with values either 0 or 1:
y = LpVariable("y", cat="Binary")
Use LpProblem to create new problems. Create a problem called “myProblem” like so:
prob = LpProblem("myProblem", LpMinimize)
Combine variables in order to create expressions and constraints, and then add them to the problem.:
prob += x + y <= 2
An expression is a constraint without a right-hand side (RHS) sense (one of =, <= or >=). If you add an expression to a problem, it will become the objective:
prob += -4*x + y
To solve the problem with the default included solver:
status = prob.solve()
If you want to try another solver to solve the problem:
status = prob.solve(GLPK(msg = 0))
Display the status of the solution:
LpStatus[status] > 'Optimal'
You can get the value of the variables using value. ex:
value(x) > 2.0
Essential Classes
LpProblem – Container class for a Linear or Integer programming problem
LpVariable – Variables that are added into constraints in the LP problem
LpConstraint – Constraints of the general form
a1x1 + a2x2 + … + anxn (<=, =, >=) b
LpConstraintVar – A special type of constraint for constructing column of the model in column-wise modelling
Useful Functions
value() – Finds the value of a variable or expression
lpSum() – Given a list of the form [a1*x1, a2*x2, …, an*xn] will construct a linear expression to be used as a constraint or variable
lpDot() – Given two lists of the form [a1, a2, …, an] and [x1, x2, …, xn] will construct a linear expression to be used as a constraint or variable
More Examples
Several tutorial are given in documentation and pure code examples are available in examples/ directory .
The examples use the default solver (CBC). To use other solvers they must be available (installed and accessible). For more information on how to do that, see the guide on configuring solvers.
For Developers
If you want to install the latest version from GitHub you can run:
python -m pip install -U git+https://github.com/coin-or/pulp
On Linux and MacOS systems, you must run the tests to make the default solver executable:
sudo pulptest
Building the documentation
The PuLP documentation is built with Sphinx. We recommended using a virtual environment to build the documentation locally.
To build, run the following in a terminal window, in the PuLP root directory
cd pulp python -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt cd doc make html
A folder named html will be created inside the build/ directory. The home page for the documentation is doc/build/html/index.html which can be opened in a browser.
Contributing to PuLP
Instructions for making your first contribution to PuLP are given here.
Comments, bug reports, patches and suggestions are very welcome!
Comments and suggestions: https://github.com/coin-or/pulp/discussions
Bug reports: https://github.com/coin-or/pulp/issues
Copyright and License
PuLP is distributed under an MIT license.
Copyright J.S. Roy, 2003-2005 Copyright Stuart A. Mitchell See the LICENSE file for copyright information.
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