Toisto 0.12.0

Toisto is a command-line terminal app to practice languages.

Toisto

Command-line app to practice languages. Toisto is Finnish and means reiteration, playback, repetition, reproduction.

Toisto is beta software at the moment. It comes with a limited set of words and phrases in Dutch, English, and Finnish.

Heads up: as long as Toisto is in beta the progress file format may change occasionally, causing your progress to be lost.

User guide

Prerequisites

Make sure you have these prequisities installed:

• Python 3.10 or newer.
• pipx.
• On Linux: the mpg123 mp3 player.

If you want to use a different mp3 player, you can configure Toisto to do so, see How to configure a different mp3 player below.

For some features, Toisto needs a more modern terminal than the default one that MacOS offers. We test with iTerm2. But this is optional, Toisto should work fine with the default MacOS terminal app.

How to install

Install Toisto as follows:

$ pipx install Toisto

If you have already installed Toisto and a newer version is available, upgrade Toisto as follows:

$ pipx upgrade Toisto

How to use

Start Toisto as follows, giving the language you want to practice (the target language) and your language (the source language) as arguments:

$ toisto practice --target fi --source en

To practice a specific topic, pass it as follows:

$ toisto practice --target fi -source en --topic colors

Add --help or -h to get more information about the command-line options and arguments:

$ toisto --help

How to configure Toisto

How to configure your language

To prevent having to pass your target and source language as command-line arguments each time you run Toisto, put them in Toisto's configuration file. Create a file .toisto.cfg in your home directory if it doesn't exist, add the languages section if it doesn't exist, and add the target and source language:

[languages]
target = nl
source = en

How to configure your language level

To prevent having to pass your language level as command-line argument each time you run Toisto, put the language levels you want to practice in Toisto's configuration file. Create a file .toisto.cfg in your home directory if it doesn't exist, add the languages section if it doesn't exist, and add the levels:

[languages]
levels = A1 A2 B1

Note that not all words and phrases have a language level associated with them. This means that specifying levels = A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 will cause Toisto to load only words and phrases with a known language level.

How to configure a different mp3 player

By default, Toisto uses afplay on MacOS, mpg123 on Linux, and the PlaySound function on Windows to play mp3 files. You can configure Toisto to use a different mp3 player. Create a file .toisto.cfg in your home directory if it doesn't exist, add the commands section if it doesn't exist, and add the mp3 player:

[commands]
mp3player = name_of_mp3_player

Make sure the mp3 player is on the PATH or put the complete filepath in the config file.

Example sessions

$ toisto practice --target fi --source nl
👋 Welcome to Toisto v0.10.0!

Practice as many words and phrases as you like, for as long as you like.

Toisto quizzes you on words and phrases repeatedly. Each time you answer
a quiz correctly, Toisto will wait longer before repeating it. If you
answer incorrectly, you get one additional attempt to give the correct
answer. If the second attempt is not correct either, Toisto will reset
the quiz interval.

How does it work?
● To answer a quiz: type the answer, followed by Enter.
● To repeat the spoken text: type Enter without answer.
● To skip to the answer immediately: type ?, followed by Enter.
● To read more about an underlined word: keep ⌘ (the command key) pressed
  while clicking the word. Not all terminals may support this.
● To quit: type Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D.

Translate into Dutch:
musta
> zwart
✅ Correct.

Translate into Dutch:
valkoinen
> wit
✅ Correct.

Translate into Dutch:
keltainen
> oranje
⚠️  Incorrect. Please try again.
> geel
✅ Correct.

Translate into Finnish:
oranje
> oransi
⚠️  Incorrect. Please try again.
> oransie
❌ Incorrect. The correct answer is "oranssi".

How it works

Toisto quizzes you repeatably on words and phrases in the language you want to practice, your target language. For each quiz, Toisto keeps track of how long you answer it correctly. When you answer a quiz correctly multiple times, Toisto will silence the quiz for a while. The longer the time you have answered the quiz correctly, the longer a quiz is silenced. This starts at a few minutes, but then increases rapidly when you keep answering correctly.

At the moment, Toisto has the following types of quizzes:

• Translate a word or phrase from your target language to your source language or the other way around. For example, if your native language is English and you're practicing Dutch, Toisto can ask you to give the English version of "maandag" (which is, you guessed it, "Monday") or ask you to give the Dutch version of "Friday" (which is "vrijdag").
• Listen to a word or phrase from your target language and type what you hear either in your target language or your source language. For example, if your target language is Finnish, Toisto may say "Tänään on maanantai" and then you have to type ether "Tänään on maanantai" or "Today is Monday".
• Give a singular version of a plural, or a plural version of a singular. For example, what is the plural of "talo" (meaning house in Finnish, and the answer is "talot") or what is the singular of "de huizen" (meaning the houses in Dutch, and the answer would be "het huis").
• Give the diminutive form of a word. For example, what is the diminutive form of "het huis" in Dutch (meaning house in Dutch and the answer would be "het huisje").
• Change the grammatical person from and to first person, second person, and third person. For example, when asked what the second person of "ik eet" (meaning "I eat") is, the correct answer would be "jij eet" ("you eat").
• Change the tense of verbs from present to past tense or the other way around. For example, what is the past tense of "she walks" or what is the present tense version of "he painted".
• Change the comparative degree of an adjective. For example, what is the superlative degree of "aardig" (which means "nice", and the answer would be "aardigst").
• Give the antonym of adjectives. For example, what is the antonym of "good"? The answer is of course "bad".
• Change the sentence type of declarative sentences into interrogative sentences and vice versa. For example, what is the interrogative form of "The car is black"? The answer would be "Is the car black?".
• Answer a question. For example, a question in Finnish could be "Pidätko sinä jäätelöstä?" (meaning "Do you like ice cream?") and correct answers would be "Pidän" (meaning "Yes, I do") and "En" (meaning "No, I don't").

When you stop the program (hit Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D), progress is saved in a file named .toisto-progress-{target language}.json in your home folder, for example .toisto-progress-fi.json.

Further documentation

• More information on why Toisto exists and what the future plans are.
• The Toisto software documentation describes the inner workings of Toisto, including the format of the topic files.
• The Toisto developer documentation provides information on how to develop, test, and release Toisto. This is aimed at people who (want to help) develop Toisto.