adbc-driver-gizmosql

A Python ADBC driver for GizmoSQL with OAuth/SSO support — powered by a native Go driver core bundled in the wheel.

Overview

adbc-driver-gizmosql connects Python to GizmoSQL over Arrow Flight SQL with GizmoSQL-specific features built in:

• OAuth/SSO browser flow — Authenticate via your identity provider (Google, Okta, etc.) with a single parameter change
• DBAPI 2.0 interface — connect() / cursors / fetch_arrow_table(), with the same API as the 1.x driver (migration guide)
• DDL/DML auto-detection — CREATE/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE execute immediately on the server (GizmoSQL plans queries lazily); ... RETURNING is eagerly materialized
• Geometry-aware bulk ingest — cursor.adbc_ingest preserves GEOMETRY columns instead of degrading them to BLOB
• Minimal dependencies — Only adbc-driver-manager and pyarrow; the native driver library (written in Go, built on apache/arrow-adbc's Flight SQL driver) ships inside the platform wheel
• OpenTelemetry tracing & structured logging — see Observability

Install

# Create and activate a virtual environment
python3 -m venv .venv
. .venv/bin/activate

pip install adbc-driver-gizmosql

Platform wheels are published for Linux (amd64/arm64, glibc 2.17 or newer, e.g. RHEL/Oracle Linux 7 and 8), macOS (arm64/amd64), and Windows (amd64/arm64). To develop from source, see the repository.

Usage

Start a GizmoSQL server

First — start a GizmoSQL server in Docker, serving the small TPC-H sample database bundled in the image:

docker run --name gizmosql \
           --detach \
           --rm \
           --tty \
           --init \
           --publish 31337:31337 \
           --env TLS_ENABLED="1" \
           --env GIZMOSQL_USERNAME="gizmosql_user" \
           --env GIZMOSQL_PASSWORD="gizmosql_password" \
           --env DATABASE_FILENAME="data/TPC-H-small.duckdb" \
           --env PRINT_QUERIES="1" \
           --pull missing \
           gizmodata/gizmosql:latest

Password authentication

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://localhost:31337",
                      username="gizmosql_user",
                      password="gizmosql_password",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      ) as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as cur:
        cur.execute("SELECT n_nationkey, n_name FROM nation WHERE n_nationkey = ?",
                    parameters=[24])
        table = cur.fetch_arrow_table()
        print(table)

Choosing the catalog / schema at connect time

Pass catalog and/or db_schema to make them current for the session (the standard ADBC adbc.connection.catalog / adbc.connection.db_schema options, sent via Flight SQL SetSessionOptions). The catalog must already be attached on the server. conn.adbc_current_catalog reads it back.

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://localhost:31337",
                      username="gizmosql_user",
                      password="gizmosql_password",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      catalog="analytics",
                      db_schema="main",
                      ) as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as cur:
        cur.execute("SELECT current_catalog(), current_schema()")
        print(cur.fetchone())  # ('analytics', 'main')

URI schemes

The preferred way to connect is the gizmosql:// URI scheme, which is secure by default (gRPC with TLS):

The scheme is handled inside the driver library, so it also works in connection profiles.

DDL/DML — auto-detected and executed immediately

GizmoSQL plans queries lazily, so DDL/DML submitted through the normal query path would never execute unless the result is fetched. cursor.execute() automatically detects DDL/DML statements and executes them immediately on the server, matching the behavior of the GizmoSQL JDBC and ODBC drivers. No special API is needed — just use execute() for everything:

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://localhost:31337",
                      username="gizmosql_user",
                      password="gizmosql_password",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      ) as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as cur:
        # DDL and DML work with regular execute()
        cur.execute("CREATE TABLE t (a INT)")
        cur.execute("INSERT INTO t VALUES (1)")

        # SELECT works as usual
        cur.execute("SELECT * FROM t")
        print(cur.fetch_arrow_table())

        # RETURNING is eagerly materialized — the DML fires even if
        # you never read the result
        cur.execute("DELETE FROM t WHERE a = 1 RETURNING a")
        print(cur.fetch_arrow_table())

        # Cleanup
        cur.execute("DROP TABLE t")

Note: cursor.execute_update(query) is still available if you need the rows-affected count returned directly: rows = cur.execute_update("INSERT ...").

OAuth/SSO authentication

When your GizmoSQL server is configured with OAuth, simply change auth_type:

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://gizmosql.example.com:31337",
                      auth_type="external",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      ) as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as cur:
        cur.execute("SELECT CURRENT_USER AS user")
        print(cur.fetch_arrow_table())

This will:

1. Auto-discover the OAuth server endpoint
2. Open your browser to the identity provider login page
3. Poll for completion and retrieve the identity token
4. Connect to GizmoSQL using the token via Basic Auth (username="token")

Connection profiles

This driver supports ADBC connection profiles — reusable TOML files that bundle the server URI and options so connection code stays credential-free.

Create a profile, e.g. ~/.config/adbc/profiles/gizmosql_dev.toml on Linux, ~/Library/Application Support/ADBC/Profiles/gizmosql_dev.toml on macOS, or any directory listed in the ADBC_PROFILE_PATH environment variable:

profile_version = 1

[Options]
uri = "gizmosql://gizmosql.example.com:31337"
username = "gizmosql_username"
# Keep secrets out of the file — substituted from the environment at connect time
password = "{{ env_var(GIZMOSQL_PASSWORD) }}"

Then connect by profile name (no uri needed):

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect(profile="gizmosql_dev") as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as cur:
        cur.execute("SELECT 1 AS value")
        print(cur.fetch_arrow_table())

Notes:

• connect("profile://gizmosql_dev") and connect(profile="/abs/path/to/profile.toml") work too.
• The profile does not need a driver entry — the driver bundled with this package is supplied automatically.
• Options passed explicitly to connect() (e.g. username=, password=, db_kwargs=) take precedence over the profile's [Options].
• Boolean/typed driver options are plain strings in profiles, e.g. "adbc.flight.sql.client_option.tls_skip_verify" = "true" (dotted keys must be quoted in TOML).

Advanced: Standalone OAuth token retrieval

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import get_oauth_token

result = get_oauth_token(
    host="gizmosql.example.com",
    port=31339,           # OAuth HTTP port (default)
    tls_skip_verify=True, # Skip TLS cert verification
    timeout=300,          # Seconds to wait for user to complete auth
)

print(f"Token: {result.token}")
print(f"Session: {result.session_uuid}")

Bulk ingest (load Arrow data into a table)

The ADBC adbc_ingest method on the cursor lets you load Arrow tables, record batches, or record batch readers directly into GizmoSQL — no row-by-row INSERT needed:

import pyarrow as pa
from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

# Build an Arrow table
table = pa.table({
    "id": [1, 2, 3],
    "name": ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"],
    "score": [95.0, 87.5, 91.2],
})

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://localhost:31337",
                      username="gizmosql_user",
                      password="gizmosql_password",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      ) as conn:
    with conn.cursor() as cur:
        # Create a new table and insert the data
        cur.adbc_ingest("students", table, mode="create")

        # Verify
        cur.execute("SELECT * FROM students")
        print(cur.fetch_arrow_table())

Supported modes: "create", "append", "replace", "create_append".

Data containing geoarrow.* extension columns (as produced by fetching GizmoSQL GEOMETRY columns) round-trips with the geometry type preserved — in every mode.

Observability: OpenTelemetry tracing & logging

The driver emits OpenTelemetry trace spans for the core operations — Database.Open, Prepare, ExecuteQuery, and ExecuteUpdate — and supports structured logging.

Tracing

Enable a trace exporter via db_kwargs (per-connection) or the standard OTEL_* environment variables (process-wide):

from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://localhost:31337",
                      username="gizmosql_user",
                      password="gizmosql_password",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      db_kwargs={
                          # one of: none | otlp | console | adbcfile
                          "adbc.telemetry.traces_exporter": "otlp",
                      },
                      ) as conn:
    ...

With the otlp exporter, the standard OpenTelemetry environment variables (OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT, OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS, ...) configure the collector endpoint. OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER may also be used instead of the database option (the option wins when both are set).

Driver logging

Set the log level for the underlying Flight SQL driver via an environment variable (great for debugging connection/TLS/auth issues):

export ADBC_DRIVER_FLIGHTSQL_LOG_LEVEL=debug   # debug | info | warn | error

Pandas integration

import pandas as pd
from adbc_driver_gizmosql import dbapi as gizmosql

with gizmosql.connect("gizmosql://localhost:31337",
                      username="gizmosql_user",
                      password="gizmosql_password",
                      tls_skip_verify=True,
                      ) as conn:
    df = pd.read_sql("SELECT * FROM nation ORDER BY n_nationkey", conn)
    print(df)

API Reference

dbapi.connect()

cursor.execute_update()

Execute a DDL/DML statement immediately and return the rows-affected count. This is an alternative to cursor.execute() when you need the rows-affected count as the return value.

Returns: int — number of rows affected (0 for DDL statements that do not affect rows)

Note: cursor.execute() auto-detects DDL/DML and executes it immediately, so execute_update() is only needed when you want the rows-affected count returned directly. The module-level gizmosql.execute_update(cursor, query) function is still available for backward compatibility.

get_oauth_token()

Returns: OAuthResult(token=str, session_uuid=str)

How the OAuth flow works

Python Client              GizmoSQL OAuth Server         Identity Provider
     |                            |                            |
     +-- GET /oauth/initiate ---->|                            |
     |<-- {uuid, auth_url} -------|                            |
     |                            |                            |
     +-- Open browser to auth_url-|--------------------------->|
     |                            |                            |
     |                            |<-- callback (auth code) ---|
     |                            |-- exchange code for token ->|
     |                            |<-- id_token ---------------|
     |                            |                            |
     +-- GET /oauth/token/{uuid}->|                            |
     |<-- {status: complete,      |                            |
     |     token: <id_token>}     |                            |
     |                            |                            |
     +-- Flight BasicAuth ------->|                            |
     |   user="token"             | (verify token via JWKS,    |
     |   pass=<id_token>          |  issue server JWT)         |
     |<-- Server Bearer token ----|                            |

Under the hood

The wheel bundles libadbc_driver_gizmosql, a native driver written in Go on top of apache/arrow-adbc's Flight SQL driver, loaded via adbc-driver-manager. The same library is usable from Go, R, C/C++, C#, Rust, and JavaScript — see the repository README for non-Python usage. To point at a custom driver build, set GIZMOSQL_DRIVER_LIB=/path/to/libadbc_driver_gizmosql.<ext>.

Upgrading from the 1.x pure-Python driver? The API is byte-compatible — see the migration guide.

License

Apache License 2.0 — see LICENSE.