afis

AFIS toolkit for fingerprint minutiae extraction, matching, and quality assessment.

Install

pip install afis
# or
uv add afis

From source (includes the optional native NBIS library):

make install          # uv sync + make native

Quickstart

from afis import NbisExtractor, MindtctExtractor, SafisExtractor, LeaderExtractor, compute_nfiq2

nbis = NbisExtractor()
a = nbis.extract_minutiae("finger_a.png")
b = nbis.extract_minutiae("finger_b.png")
print(nbis.match(a, b))

# Mix extractor / matcher
proc = NbisExtractor(extractor="gabor", matcher="mcc")
t = proc.extract_minutiae("finger_a.png")

leader = LeaderExtractor()
lt = leader.extract_minutiae("finger_a.png")

q = compute_nfiq2(image)  # NFIQ2-style 0–100
print(q.score)

Extractors

Matchers

Quality (NFIQ2)

compute_nfiq2(image) returns a 0–100 score (ISO/IEC 29794-4 / NFIQ 2 style).

Benchmark (FVC2004)

FVC B-set protocol on DB1–4_B (10×8 images/DB): genuine = all same-finger impression pairs; impostor = first impressions across fingers. Metrics are macro-averaged over the four DBs.

uv run python examples/benchmark.py \
  --root /path/to/fingerprint_datasets \
  --workers 10

Subset / custom combos:

uv run python examples/benchmark.py \
  --dbs DB1_B DB3_B --max-fingers 8 --max-imps 4 \
  --extractors nbis_mindtct leader \
  --matchers nbis_bozorth3 mcc geometric \
  --workers 8

Results (FVC2004 DB1–4_B, full)

Presets

verify_ms ≈ mean extract + mean match (1:1 verify proxy).

CLI

afis extract finger.png finger.xyt
afis extract finger.png out.xyt --extractor mindtct
afis extract finger.png out.xyt --extractor leader
afis match a.xyt b.xyt --method bozorth3 --height 480
afis match a.xyt b.xyt --method mcc
afis quality finger.png

Develop

make install
make test
make build

References

• NIST NBIS — MINDTCT / LFS V2 / Bozorth3. NIST Biometric Image Software
• NFIQ 2 / ISO/IEC 29794-4 — usnistgov/NFIQ2
• SourceAFIS — algorithm
• MCC — Cappelli, Ferrara & Maltoni (2010). IEEE TPAMI. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2010.52
• LEADER — pyfing
• Gabor enhancement — Hong, Wan & Jain (1998). IEEE TPAMI
• ISO/IEC 19794-2 — Finger minutiae data interchange
• FVC / FVC-onGoing — Verification benchmarks (EER, FMR, FNMR)

License

MIT. Copyright (c) 2026 Ashok Pant.