🐍 Anpyra · Python to Native Android

Write small Android apps in a typed Python subset, compile them directly to DEX, and build signed APKs. Anpyra is a Python-written compiler and build framework based on the PyAndroid experiments 001–008.

Status: v0.1.1 alpha. Android is the only implemented target. This release includes native Screen backgrounds, images, gradients and an Android-only component structure. Screen rendering passed 25 pixel checks on Android API 33. Other Android versions, broader lifecycle behavior and independent binary verification still need recorded coverage.

🐍 Python-based builds

Build with Python 3.11+ and Python dependencies. No Java/JDK, Kotlin, Android SDK build kit, Android NDK, Android Studio, Gradle, D8, R8, AAPT2 or apksigner is required. cryptography and Pillow are installed automatically for signing and Screen image/color handling. Optional adb provides device installation.

⚡ Install the published package

Install from PyPI using uv (recommended):

uv venv --python 3.12
uv pip install "anpyra==0.1.1"

Or use pip inside a virtual environment:

python -m pip install "anpyra==0.1.1"

Activate your environment, then:

anpyra doctor
anpyra init myapp --package dev.example.myapp --label "My App"
anpyra check myapp
anpyra build myapp
anpyra verify myapp/build/dev.example.myapp.apk

For checkout installation and host-specific commands, see the installation guide.

🔄 Upgrade from 0.1.0

Use the same environment where you installed Anpyra. With that environment activated, choose uv (recommended) or pip:

uv pip install --upgrade "anpyra==0.1.1"
# Or:
python -m pip install --upgrade "anpyra==0.1.1"
python -m anpyra --version

The version should print Anpyra 0.1.1. To upgrade to the latest compatible release, use --upgrade anpyra without the version pin. Keep your app's .anpyra/ signing identity and rebuild its APK after upgrading. See the upgrade guide for explicit environment paths.

🧩 Application example

from anpyra import Activity, TextView


class MainActivity(Activity):
    def on_create(self, state):
        title = TextView(self)
        title.set_text("Hello from Anpyra!")
        self.set_content_view(title)

Anpyra parses application source on the host. Android runs the generated bytecode. The authoring classes provide editor support; they do not preview a UI on the host.

📦 Supported features and limits

• One Activity, TextView construction, text/color and content-view calls.
• Screen colors, local raster images with seven fit modes, linear/radial/sweep gradients and transparency.
• Initialized str, int and bool locals, simple integer arithmetic and comparisons.
• Nested conditions and typed integer helper functions.
• DEX, binary manifest, signed APK and JSON report generation.
• Retained project debug identity and local APK/DEX integrity checks.

This is a restricted compiler, not general Python on Android. A Screen supports one TextView content child and static styling. General layouts/multiple children, callbacks, arbitrary imports, collections, reassignment, multi-module apps and release/store signing are not implemented. Source locals/temporaries have a 14-symbol budget; rendering uses separate scratch registers. See the Screen guide and language guide.

📚 Documentation and contribution

User guide · Developer guide · Roadmap · Issues · Contributing

Anpyra is licensed under Apache-2.0.