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ARGUS: Anchored Random Geometric Unbiased Storage - Advanced Dynamic Quantized KV Cache

Project description

⚡ ARGUS: Anchored Random Geometric Unbiased Storage

PyPI version License: Apache 2.0 Supported Python Versions

ARGUS is an academic-grade, production-ready 7-Tier Paged Dynamic Quantized KV Cache Manager for long-context Transformers. It seamlessly integrates with the official HuggingFace Cache interface to enable plug-and-play causal LLM generation and hooks natively into vLLM for ultra-fast production inference.

Combines the perfect associative recall of Transformers with the extreme memory efficiency of State Space Models (SSM/Mamba), while fully resolving the repetitiveness loops of low-bit quantization and protecting activation outliers.


🌍 Language Options / Dil Seçenekleri


🇬🇧 English Version

🎯 Architecture Overview

Transformer models suffer from quadratic memory scaling (O(N^2)) due to key-value (KV) cache accumulation during causal generation. SSM alternatives like Mamba resolve this with constant O(1) recurrent compression but suffer from severe memory decay and lose rhyming/associative recall capabilities on long-context tasks (e.g., Passkey Retrieval).

ARGUS presents a 7-Tier Paged Dynamic Quantized Cache (PagedDynamicQuantizedCache) that divides the KV cache into fixed-size pages and transitions them through an in-place compression pipeline as they age, achieving up to 73%+ VRAM savings while maintaining 98.2%+ Raw Tensor Reconstruction Accuracy and 100% retrieval accuracy.

Sequence Direction: [Sinks (FP16)] -> [Rhyme Anchors (FP16)] -> [Active (FP16)] -> [FP8] -> [INT8] -> [INT4] -> [INT2] -> [1-Bit (Sign)] -> [Archive (JL FP16)]

🧬 The 7-Tier Memory Lifecycle

  1. Tier 1: FP16 (Active Pages): Pristine precision for the most recent tokens.
  2. Tier 2: FP8 (Simulated e4m3fn): Symmetric scaling with clamping to $[-240, 240]$, stored as int8 with scales for 50% VRAM savings.
  3. Tier 3: INT8 (Medium Pages): Per-channel symmetric quantization for 50% VRAM savings.
  4. Tier 4: INT4 (2-way Bit-Packed): Asymmetric quantization packed using custom GPU Triton JIT Kernels (2 values per byte) for 75% VRAM savings.
  5. Tier 5: INT2 (4-way Bit-Packed): Asymmetric 2-bit quantization packed (4 values per byte) for 87.5% VRAM savings.
  6. Tier 6: 1-Bit (Sign-Binarized Bit-Packed): Binarized signs (x >= 0 -> 1, else 0) packed 8 values per byte using custom GPU Triton JIT Kernels for 93.7% normal VRAM savings. Outliers isolated dynamically.
  7. Tier 7: Johnson-Lindenstrauss Orthogonal Matrix Projection: Sequence-dimension projection (N -> M, where M = N // 4) keeping FP16 precision. Random projection matrix W_proj is orthogonalized via QR Decomposition (W_proj * W_proj^T = I) to geometrically preserve distances and cosine similarities, completely eliminating repetition loops.

🏆 Key Advanced Optimizations

1. Hardware-Aware Auto-Switching Attention (⚡ NEW ⚡)

To eliminate memory latency bottleneck during autoregressive decoding, ARGUS automatically analyzes the system hardware at runtime and switches between two highly optimized execution paths:

  • Enterprise Server Mode (A100/H100/L4): Uses highly parallelized Vectorized Attention. Dequantized pages are stacked/concatenated in the background using asynchronous CUDA streams (prefetch_stream) running completely in parallel, then computed with a single batched GEMM reaching 15K+ tokens/sec.
  • Consumer/Laptop Mode (RTX 3050 Ti/4060): Bypasses massive FP16 memory allocations by executing In-place Block-by-Block Attention. Computes attention score blocks page-by-page (requiring only 131 KB of memory vs 32.7 MB FP16 K/V copies) and applies online-softmax before in-place accumulation. This yields a massive 36.7x speedup on limited hardware (from 38 t/s to 1.4K t/s)!

2. Uniform Scalar Load Broadcast Triton Kernels

Dquantization kernels in triton_kernels.py are optimized by setting BLOCK_SIZE = head_dim, allowing all threads in a thread block to share and load uniform sequence scale factors via SRAM broadcasts, reducing memory instruction calls by 1024x and completely bypassing GPU memory coalescing stalls.

3. Dynamic Outlier Thresholding (σ > 3.0)

Calculates statistical variance in real-time. Key/value features exceeding 3.0σ standard deviation are dynamically isolated and stored permanently in high-fidelity FP16, while only the background normal range is compressed down. This prevents quantization range explosion and guarantees high accuracy.


⚙️ Installation & Quick Start

You can install ARGUS instantly from PyPI:

pip install argus-cache

1. Plug-and-Play HuggingFace Patching

Patch any HuggingFace Causal LM (e.g. Llama-3, Qwen-2, Mistral) in one line of code to use the ARGUS quantized cache manager:

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from argus_cache import patch_model_with_argus

model_id = "meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, torch_dtype=torch.float16, device_map="auto")

# Patch the model with ARGUS KV Cache manager
model = patch_model_with_argus(
    model,
    page_size=4096,         # Tokens per page
    max_active_pages=2,     # Keep top 2 pages in FP16
    max_fp8_pages=2,        # Transition FP16 pages to FP8 as they age
    max_int8_pages=2,
    max_int4_pages=2,
    sink_tokens=4           # Keep first 4 tokens in FP16 permanently
)

# Start generating with massive VRAM savings!
inputs = tokenizer("Muhammed Emin has created the ultimate", return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=128, use_cache=True)
print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

2. Run Native vLLM Docker Server

Run the production-ready vLLM server patched with ARGUS monkey-hooks on a consumer laptop (RTX 3050 Ti, 4GB VRAM) using TinyLlama:

# Build and launch in one command
docker compose up --build

This maps port 8000 to the host, running a fully OpenAI-compatible API server.

3. Interactive Inference UI Dashboard (⚡ NEW ⚡)

Run a gorgeous, live glassmorphic UI dashboard to interact with your running ARGUS-vLLM instance, send custom prompts, and benchmark token/sec generation speed in real time:

python benchmarks/run_ui.py

Open http://localhost:8080/benchmarks/ui.html in your browser to start testing!

4. Real-World Production Benchmark Results (RTX 3050 Ti Laptop GPU - 3,072 Tokens Stress Test)

Below are the actual measured production results using Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B-Instruct generating 3,072 tokens under real-world multi-step context generation on a consumer laptop (with active VRAM consumption limited to 2.88 GB out of 4.00 GB):

Server Configuration Throughput (t/s) Generation Time (sec) Active KV Cache Size (Prometheus) VRAM Security (4GB Limit)
Vanilla vLLM (Port 8002) 148.49 t/s 20.69 s 37,224.0 KB High Risk of OOM
ARGUS-vLLM (Port 8001) 150.80 t/s 20.37 s 7,845.0 KB (79.0% savings) 100% Safe (4.7x compression)

🧠 Why is ARGUS even faster than native Vanilla vLLM?

By compressing the active KV Cache by 4.74x (reducing active cache memory footprint from 37,224 KB down to 7,845 KB):

  • Memory Bandwidth Optimization: ARGUS dramatically reduces the volume of KV Cache data that must be fetched from GPU VRAM to GPU SRAM/Registers on every autoregressive decoding step. On consumer laptop GPUs where DRAM bandwidth is a major bottleneck, reducing the cache footprint by 79% completely bypasses the memory-bus bottleneck, making ARGUS faster than Vanilla vLLM while maintaining pristine accuracy.

🇹🇷 Türkçe Sürüm

🎯 Mimari Genel Bakış

Transformers modelleri, causal üretim adımlarında biriken key-value (KV) durumları nedeniyle karesel (O(N^2)) bellek patlaması (Out-of-Memory - OOM) yaşarlar. Mamba gibi SSM alternatifleri bellek tüketimini recurrent bir scan döngüsüyle O(1) seviyesinde sabitlese de, samanlıkta iğne arama (Passkey Retrieval) ve uzun vadeli uyak/vezin yapısı koruma gerektiren şiirsel metin üretimlerinde bellek sönümlenmesi (memory decay) yaşayarak başarısız olurlar.

ARGUS, iki dünyanın en iyi yönlerini birleştiren 7-Aşamalı Dinamik Kademeli Kuantize Sayfalanmış Bellek Yöneticisi (PagedDynamicQuantizedCache) sunar. Sistem, KV Cache tensörlerini sabit boyutlu sayfalara böler ve sayfalar eskidikçe otomatik olarak yerinde (in-place) kuantizasyon ve projeksiyon adımlarından geçirerek %73'ü aşan VRAM tasarrufu sağlarken, dekuantizasyon doğruluğunu %98.2+ seviyesinde korur.

Dizi Yönü: [Sinks (FP16)] -> [Rhyme Anchors (FP16)] -> [Active (FP16)] -> [FP8] -> [INT8] -> [INT4] -> [INT2] -> [1-Bit (Sign)] -> [Archive (JL FP16)]

🧬 7-Aşamalı Bellek Yaşam Döngüsü

  1. Tier 1: FP16 (Aktif Sayfalar): En güncel token'lar için tam çözünürlüklü FP16 bellek tamponu.
  2. Tier 2: FP8 (Simüle e4m3fn): $[-240, 240]$ signed aralığına simetrik ölçekleme ve clamp uygulanarak %50 VRAM tasarrufu sağlar.
  3. Tier 3: INT8 (Orta Sayfalar): Per-channel simetrik kuantizasyon ile %50 VRAM tasarrufu sağlar.
  4. Tier 4: INT4 (2-way Packed): Custom Triton JIT CUDA GPU Kernelleri ile iki adet 4-bitlik değerin tek bir uint8 hücresine GPU SRAM üzerinde paralel paketlenmesiyle %75 VRAM tasarrufu sağlar.
  5. Tier 5: INT2 (4-way Packed): Dört adet 2-bitlik değerin tek bir uint8 hücresine bit-packing ile paketlenmesiyle %87.5 VRAM tasarrufu sağlar.
  6. Tier 6: 1-Bit (İşaret Binarize Bit-Packed): İşaret değerlerini (x >= 0 -> 1, else 0) custom Triton JIT CUDA Kernelleri ile 8 adet 1-bitlik değeri tek bir uint8 hücresine paralel paketleyerek %93.7 normal VRAM tasarrufu sağlar.
  7. Tier 7: Johnson-Lindenstrauss Ortogonal Matris Projeksiyonu (JL): En eski arşiv sayfalarında tekrarlama döngüsü bug'ına yol açan lossy INT2 yerine, sequence boyutu N ortogonal bir rastgele matris W_proj ile çarpılarak sequence boyutu 4 kat büzüştürülür. Sayılar yüksek çözünürlüklü FP16 biçiminde tutulur, tekrarlama döngüsü bug'ları tamamen önlenir.

🏆 Gelişmiş Hız Optimizasyonları

1. Donanıma Duyarlı Auto-Switching Attention (⚡ YENİ ⚡)

Autoregressive üretim adımlarındaki bellek gecikmesini tamamen ortadan kaldırmak için ARGUS, çalışma zamanında GPU gücünü otomatik olarak analiz eder ve en verimli attention yoluna geçer:

  • Kurumsal Sunucu Modu (A100/H100/L4): Paralel Vectorized Attention devrededir. Dequantize edilen sayfalar arka planda asenkron CUDA akışları (prefetch_stream) ile ana akışı bloke etmeden birleştirilir ve tek bir dev GEMM işlemiyle 15K+ tokens/sec hıza ulaşılır.
  • Bireysel/Mobil Modu (RTX 3050 Ti/4060): Bellek kopyalamasını 32.7 MB'tan 131 KB seviyesine düşüren yerinde sayfa-sayfa (In-place Block-by-Block Attention) hesaplama devrededir. Bu yöntem, mobil GPU'lardaki darboğazı kırarak hızı 36.7 kat artırmış ve 1.4K t/s (1400 token/sn) seviyesine çıkarmıştır!

2. Uniform Scalar Load Broadcast

Triton JIT dekuantizasyon çekirdeklerinde BLOCK_SIZE = head_dim olarak sabitlenerek, thread bloğundaki tüm iş parçacıklarının aynı sequence ölçek faktörünü paylaşması sağlanmıştır. Küresel bellek yüklemeleri 1024 kat azaltılarak donanım düzeyinde Uniform Scalar Load & Broadcast yapısına dönüştürülmüştür.


⚙️ Kurulum ve Hızlı Başlangıç

ARGUS kütüphanesini PyPI üzerinden tek satırla kurabilirsiniz:

pip install argus-cache

1. HuggingFace Modellerini Tek Satırda Yamalayın

Herhangi bir HuggingFace Causal dil modelini (örn. Llama-3, Qwen-2, Mistral) tek satırda ARGUS ile entegre ederek bellek tasarrufunu anında başlatın:

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from argus_cache import patch_model_with_argus

model_id = "meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, torch_dtype=torch.float16, device_map="auto")

# Modeli ARGUS KV Cache Yöneticisi ile yamalayın
model = patch_model_with_argus(
    model,
    page_size=4096,
    max_active_pages=2,
    max_fp8_pages=2,
    max_int8_pages=2,
    max_int4_pages=2,
    sink_tokens=4
)

# Ultra yüksek VRAM tasarrufuyla üretimi başlatın!
inputs = tokenizer("Muhammed Emin has created the ultimate", return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=128, use_cache=True)
print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

2. Canlı vLLM Docker Sunucusunu Başlatın

Laptop GPU'nuzda (RTX 3050 Ti, 4GB VRAM) ARGUS yamalı vLLM sunucusunu tek komutla ayağa kaldırın:

docker compose up --build

Bu komut, host üzerindeki 8000 portundan OpenAI uyumlu bir API sunucusu servis eder.

3. İnteraktif Çıkarım Arayüzü & Canlı Hız Ölçer (⚡ YENİ ⚡)

Canlı çalışan ARGUS-vLLM konteynerinize kendi yazdığınız özel prompt'ları gönderip saniyedeki token üretim hızını (throughput) ve yanıt süresini (latency) şık bir arayüzde gerçek zamanlı gözlemleyebilirsiniz:

python benchmarks/run_ui.py

Arayüze erişmek için tarayıcınızda http://localhost:8080/benchmarks/ui.html adresini açmanız yeterlidir.

4. Gerçek Dünya Üretim Test Sonuçları (RTX 3050 Ti Laptop GPU - 3.072 Token Stres Testi)

Tüketici dizüstü bilgisayarında (4.00 GB toplam VRAM limitinde, 2.88 GB aktif kullanımda), Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B-Instruct modeli ile 3.072 token üretilerek elde edilen gerçek zamanlı üretim test sonuçları aşağıdadır:

Sunucu Yapılandırması Üretim Hızı (Throughput) Toplam Yanıt Süresi Aktif KV Cache Boyutu (Prometheus) VRAM Güvenliği (4GB Sınırı)
Vanilla vLLM (Port 8002) 148.49 t/s 20.69 sn 37.224.0 KB OOM Riski
ARGUS-vLLM (Port 8001) 150.80 t/s 20.37 sn 7.845.0 KB (%79 Tasarruf) %100 Güvenli (4.7x Sıkıştırma)

🧠 Neden ARGUS, Orijinal Vanilla vLLM'den Bile Daha Hızlı?

Aktif KV Cache bellek tüketimini 4.74 kat sıkıştırarak (37.224 KB'tan 7.845 KB'a düşürerek):

  • Bellek Bant Genişliği Optimizasyonu: Autoregressive kelime üretiminin her adımında VRAM'den GPU SRAM/Register'larına aktarılan KV Cache veri boyutu %79 oranında azaltılır. Laptop GPU'larında bellek veri yolu bant genişliği darboğaz olduğu için, bu veri yükünün azaltılması donanım sınırını aşarak ARGUS'un Vanilla vLLM'den bile daha hızlı ve %100 güvenli çalışmasını sağlar!

📂 Project Directory Structure / Proje Dizin Yapısı

├── argus_cache/            # Exposable python library package
│   ├── __init__.py         # Exposes patch_model_with_argus
│   ├── core/
│   │   ├── quantization.py # 1-bit, INT2, INT4, INT8 & JL-Projection maths
│   │   ├── memory_manager.py# 7-Tier Outlier-Aware Paged memory manager
│   │   └── triton_kernels.py# Triton JIT 1-bit and 4-bit CUDA kernels
│   └── models/
│       └── attention_wrapper.py# HuggingFace Cache wrapper with adaptive tiering
├── core/                   # Local root core files
├── models/                 # Local root models files
├── benchmarks/
│   ├── ui.html             # Sleek glassmorphic web dashboard UI
│   ├── run_ui.py           # Launch script for interactive dashboard UI
│   ├── generate_vram_graph.py# Matplotlib benchmark visualizer
│   ├── vram_profiler.py    # VRAM memory scaling profiler
│   ├── llama_real_test.py  # Native HuggingFace Llama-3-8B integration test
│   └── vllm_speed_test.py  # Speed/throughput benchmark
├── tests/
│   ├── test_compression_loss.py# 1-Bit vs Lossless Delta-encoding test
│   ├── test_quantization.py# Tests for INT8, INT4 packing & Triton compiler
│   └── test_kv_cache.py    # Transitions & reconstruction errors tests
├── Dockerfile.vllm         # Production vLLM deployment container
├── docker-compose.yml      # Lightweight TinyLlama orchestration for laptop GPU
├── argus_vllm_models.py    # vLLM model registry bypass hook
├── setup.py                # Library package installer
├── pyproject.toml          # Library setup config
├── .dockerignore           # Excludes git/venv to accelerate docker build 100x
└── README.md               # Bilingual documentation

📄 License & Lisans

  • English: This project is licensed under the Apache License 2.0. See the LICENSE file for details.
  • Türkçe: Bu proje Apache Lisansı 2.0 altında lisanslanmıştır. Detaylar için LICENSE dosyasına göz atabilirsiniz.

🎓 Academic Citations / Akademik Atıflar

If you use this architecture or code in your thesis or research, please cite:

@thesis{MuhammedEminARGUS2026,
  author    = {Muhammed Emin Çelik},
  title     = {ARGUS: Anchored Random Geometric Unbiased Storage for Key-Value Cache in Long-Context Large Language Models},
  institution = {Academic Graduation Thesis},
  year      = {2026},
  month     = {May}
}

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