attest

The store dies, the receipt survives.

attest is an open standard and reference implementation for cryptographically-signed purchase receipts, for any digital purchase — games, music, film and TV, books. The store signs a receipt once; the buyer holds it forever; anyone can verify it offline. No wallet, no blockchain, no server that has to stay alive for the proof to still work.

Try it in your browser: https://svm-98.github.io/attest/ — drop a .attest bundle (or the built-in sample) and watch it verify entirely client-side; the page's CSP forbids it from talking to any other host.

The problem

A digital "purchase" today is a revocable license living inside one company's platform, not a thing you hold. When the platform shuts down, delists a title, or changes terms, the buyer's library goes with it — regardless of medium: Robot Cache bricked already-downloaded games at its May 2026 shutdown; Funimation wiped customers' digital anime libraries in 2024; Kindle removed book export in February 2025; Sony ends PlayStation disc production for new games in January 2028, pushing more purchases into pure platform dependency. None of this is hypothetical or gaming-specific — it is what "buy" already means for every kind of digital media, and regulators are starting to notice: California's AB 2426 and Maryland's HB 208 both require disclosure that a digital "purchase" is a license, and the EU's end-of-life industry code of conduct is due by the end of 2026. What's missing is not more disclosure law — it's an open technical standard for a purchase record the buyer actually holds, independent of whether the seller survives.

How it works, for humans

At checkout, the store signs a receipt and hands the buyer an .attest bundle — a small file the buyer keeps anywhere: disk, cloud, USB, wherever. There is no account to keep alive and nothing to sync. Later, anyone with a verifier — a friend, a marketplace, the buyer themself — can check that bundle's signature offline against the issuer's published key material and confirm it's a genuine, unrevoked receipt. If the buyer needs to prove the receipt is specifically theirs (not just a copy that has floated around), they can do so by disclosing a salt or answering a key challenge, without exposing their identity to the verifier. Nothing in this loop requires a server: there is no central attest authority, no registry that must exist, and no phone-home — a verifier needs only the receipt bytes, the issuer's key material, and, optionally, a revocation feed.

What it is / is not

attest is a normative specification for a signed receipt envelope, a restricted JSON canonicalization profile, a pinned Ed25519 signing/verification ruleset, issuer key/artifact manifests with rotation and compromise handling, a layered offline verification algorithm, revocation-by-class semantics, and buyer-binding proof — plus a Python reference implementation and an independent TypeScript verifier.

It is not a DRM-stripping tool, a content host, an index of content, a marketplace, a resale/transfer protocol (not in v0.1 — see the reserved transferable field), a blockchain or NFT product, or a payment instrument. A receipt is evidence of a license grant, not the artifact itself and not the transaction that paid for it.

None of this bypasses an unwilling seller: a receipt is issuer-signed, and attest cannot conjure a valid one out of a store that refuses to sign. For incumbents who won't adopt voluntarily, the lever is regulation and market pressure, not forgery.

Status

Spec v0.1 is complete, with two independent implementations — a Python reference implementation and a TypeScript verifier — that agree on all 18 conformance vectors (23 leaf cases spanning format/crypto and lifecycle/policy behavior), plus an end-to-end demo that deletes a store's entire infrastructure mid-lifecycle and proves the receipt still verifies.

Quickstart

Install the reference implementation from PyPI (the distribution is named attest-receipts; the import package and the CLI are both attest):

pip install attest-receipts
attest --help

The TypeScript verifier is on npm as attest-verifier:

npm install attest-verifier

Or work from a checkout of this repo:

uv venv --python 3.12 .venv && uv pip install --python .venv -e '.[dev]'
# or: pip install -e .

.venv/bin/attest --help

.venv/bin/python demo/store_dies.py

.venv/bin/pytest --cov=attest --cov-report=term-missing

and a TypeScript verifier quickstart:

cd verifiers/ts && npm install && npm test

See demo/README.md for what each step of the demo proves, and docs/spec/attest-v0.1.md plus its companion JSON Schema for the normative specification. docs/spec/vectors/ holds the conformance corpus every implementation is checked against.

Roadmap / north star

Non-normative, and deliberately undated — these are directions, not commitments:

• Evidence capture for non-cooperating stores. A research track into TLS-session-proof techniques (the zkTLS/TLSNotary class) that could let a buyer capture their own evidence of a purchase from a store that never signs anything, at weaker-than-issuer-signed trust. Legal review is required before any of this is built.
• Rights-holder-authorized transfer. A future profile that gives real meaning to the reserved license.transferable field, once rights holders actually authorize resale or transfer.
• Registry / replication layer. An optional layer for replicating verification material, with optional Merkle-root transparency anchoring — the only place a chain will ever appear in this project, and even then strictly optional.

Licensing, contributing, contact

License. Code is licensed Apache-2.0; the specification and other documentation are licensed CC BY 4.0 — reuse and derivatives of the spec must credit the original author, since attribution is a condition of that license, not a courtesy. NOTICE and AUTHORS carry the required attribution.

Naming. The name attest identifies this project and implementations that actually conform to it; forks are welcome to use the technology but not the name for a divergent derivative. This paragraph is a naming norm, not a trademark registration — real trademark enforcement would require actually registering the mark, which has not happened.

Contributing. See CONTRIBUTING.md. Implementation pull requests must pass all 23 conformance vector leaves and keep both the Python and TypeScript suites green.

Contact. Use GitHub Issues for technical bugs, GitHub Discussions for everything else, or email SVM-98@proton.me. Security issues follow a different path — see SECURITY.md, and do not open a public issue for a vulnerability.

Skeptical about any of this? docs/faq.md answers the first questions a reasonable person asks.