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Pre-release

This release is a pre-release and may not be stable for production use.

Backend.AI App Proxy Worker

Purpose

The App Proxy Worker is a high-performance reverse proxy that routes user traffic to compute session services (Jupyter, SSH, TensorBoard, etc.) running on agents. It receives routing information from the Coordinator and handles SSL/TLS termination, load balancing, and traffic forwarding.

Key Responsibilities

1. Traffic Proxying

  • Proxy HTTP/HTTPS requests to session services
  • Proxy WebSocket connections for interactive services
  • Handle SSL/TLS termination
  • Stream responses efficiently

2. Route Resolution

  • Receive routing tables from Coordinator
  • Resolve session services from URLs
  • Cache routing information locally
  • Update routes dynamically

3. Health Checking

  • Monitor backend service health
  • Detect failed services
  • Report health status to Coordinator
  • Handle service failover

Architecture

1. Traffic Proxy (Main)

Framework: aiohttp + custom reverse proxy

Port: 5050 (default, HTTPS)

Protocol: HTTP/HTTPS, WebSocket

Key Features:

HTTP/HTTPS Proxy

  • Route user requests to session services
  • URL Pattern: https://<worker-domain>/<session-id>/<service-name>/...

WebSocket Proxy

  • Interactive service communication (Jupyter Kernel, SSH, etc.)
  • Real-time log streaming

Key Characteristics:

  • SSL/TLS termination (Let's Encrypt auto-certificate)
  • High-performance async proxy
  • Connection pooling and reuse
  • Streaming support (large file downloads)
  • Sticky session support
  • Auto-retry and failover

Processing Flow:

HTTP Proxy Flow

User → HTTPS Request → Worker (SSL termination)
                           ↓
                       Parse URL (extract session_id, service_name)
                           ↓
                       Lookup route from local cache
                           ↓
                       Resolve backend address (agent:port)
                           ↓
                       Proxy request to agent
                           ↓
                       Stream response back to user

WebSocket Proxy Flow

User → WS Upgrade Request → Worker
                               ↓
                           Establish WS connection to agent
                               ↓
                           Bidirectional message forwarding

2. REST API (Management)

Framework: aiohttp (async HTTP server)

Port: 6040 (default, separate management port)

Key Features:

  • Communication with Coordinator
  • Health check endpoints
  • Metrics exposure (Prometheus)
  • Internal management (no external access)

Component Interaction

Traffic Proxy Flow:

User (Browser) → Worker (Port 5050) → Kernel (on Agent)
                    │
                    ├─ SSL/TLS termination
                    ├─ Route resolution
                    └─ Traffic proxying

Management Flow:

Coordinator → Worker REST API (Port 6040) → Route updates

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