Skip to main content

Function decoration for backoff and retry

Project description

Function decoration for pluggable backoff and retry

This module provides function decorators which can be used to wrap a
function such that it will be retried until some condition is met. It
is meant to be of use when accessing unreliable resources with the
potential for intermittent failures i.e. network resources and external
APIs. Somewhat more generally, it may also be of use for dynamically
polling resources for externally generated content.

## Examples

*Since Kenneth Reitz's [requests](http://python-requests.org) module
has become a defacto standard for HTTP clients in python, networking
examples below are written using it, but it is in no way required by
the backoff module.*

### @backoff.on_exception

The on_exception decorator is used to retry when a specified exception
is raised. Here's an example using exponential backoff when any
requests exception is raised:

@backoff.on_exception(backoff.expo,
requests.exceptions.RequestException,
max_tries=8)
def get_url(url):
return requests.get(url)

### @backoff.on_predicate

The on_predicate decorator is used to retry when a particular condition
is true of the return value of the target function. This may be useful
when polling a resource for externally generated content.

Here's an example which uses a fibonacci sequence backoff when the
return value of the target function is the empty list:

@backoff.on_predicate(backoff.fibo, lambda x: x == [], max_value=13)
def poll_for_messages(queue):
return queue.get()

Extra keyword arguments are passed when initializing the
wait_generator, so the max_value param above is used to initialize the
fibo generator.

When not specified, the predicate param defaults to the falsey test,
so the above can more concisely be written:

@backoff.on_predicate(backoff.fibo, max_value=13)
def poll_for_message(queue)
return queue.get()

More simply, function which continues polling every second until it
gets a non falsey result could be defined like like this:

@backoff.on_predicate(backoff.constant, interval=1)
def poll_for_message(queue)
return queue.get()

### Using multiple decorators

It can also be useful to combine backoff decorators to define
different backoff behavior for different cases:

@backoff.on_predicate(backoff.fibo, max_value=13)
@backoff.on_exception(backoff.expo,
requests.exceptions.HTTPError,
max_tries=4)
@backoff.on_exception(backoff.expo,
requests.exceptions.TimeoutError,
max_tries=8)
def poll_for_message(queue):
return queue.get()

### Logging configuration

Errors and backoff/retry attempts are logged to the 'backoff' logger.
By default, this logger is configured with a NullHandler, so there will
be nothing output unless you configure a handler. Programmatically,
this might be accomplished with something as simple as:

logging.getLogger('backoff').addHandler(logging.StreamHandler())

The default logging level is ERROR, which correponds to logging anytime
max_tries is exceeded as well as any time a retryable exception is
raised. If you would instead like to log any type of retry, you can
instead set the logger level to INFO:

logging.getLogger('backoff').setLevel(logging.INFO)

Project details


Download files

Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.

Source Distribution

backoff-1.0.5.tar.gz (4.2 kB view details)

Uploaded Source

File details

Details for the file backoff-1.0.5.tar.gz.

File metadata

  • Download URL: backoff-1.0.5.tar.gz
  • Upload date:
  • Size: 4.2 kB
  • Tags: Source
  • Uploaded using Trusted Publishing? No

File hashes

Hashes for backoff-1.0.5.tar.gz
Algorithm Hash digest
SHA256 64f3a5625ef15b438e390edec9621c837a0370149e8f6a2d9cc6eca23f6dabff
MD5 dd336ef8dea19060df747dadca919ca6
BLAKE2b-256 020fd62e5735bd717e1af7b20c8b9fe4a9ceb431789840c6c628dc6feabb5fc5

See more details on using hashes here.

Supported by

AWS Cloud computing and Security Sponsor Datadog Monitoring Fastly CDN Google Download Analytics Pingdom Monitoring Sentry Error logging StatusPage Status page